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DX桩 6

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In situ-based assessment of soil liquefaction potential–Case study of an earth dam in Tunisia

Ikram GUETTAYA,Mohamed Ridha EL OUNI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 456-461 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0259-5

摘要： The present paper examines the evaluation of liquefaction potential of an earth dam foundation in Tunisia. The assessment of soil liquefaction was made using deterministic and probabilistic simplified procedures developed from several case histories. The data collected from the field investigation performed before and after the vibrocompaction are analyzed and the results are reported. The obtained results show that after vibrocompaction, a significant improvement of the soil resistance reduces the liquefaction potential of the sandy foundation. Indeed, in the untreated layers, the factor of safety drops below 1 which means that the soil is susceptible for liquefaction. However, in the compacted horizons, the values of exceed the unit which justifies the absence of liquefaction hazard of the foundation.

关键词： liquefaction     cone penetration test (CPT)     standard penetration test (SPT)     vibrcompaction     sand    

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DX桩与后压浆钻孔灌注桩现场试验研究

刘春刚,柴小兵,欧阳义,贺德新

《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第1期   页码 80-85

摘要：

对DX桩进行了现场竖向抗压静载试验，并与后压浆直孔灌注桩进行了比较。结果表明，DX桩和后压浆钻孔灌注桩都可以提高桩的承载力和控制桩的沉降，4根试验桩的试验效果相差不大，但DX桩能以桩径小、桩长短满足大承载力的桩基，达到极限承载力时，混凝土的单方承载力是后压浆钻孔灌注桩的1.5倍，可以减少工程材料，降低工程造价；且DX桩施工工艺更简单，能加快施工进度。

关键词： DX桩     静载荷试验     承载力     沉降    

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深海科学实验装备发展研究

梁健臻,冯景春,张卉,张偲

《中国工程科学》 2024年 第26卷 第2期   页码 23-37 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2024.02.004

摘要：

深海孕育了世界上最大的生态系统，对深海相关演变规律的深刻认知将支撑人类社会的可持续发展；深海极端环境条件决定了开展原位实验作业非常困难，也对深海科学实验装备提出了苛刻的要求。本文从深海科学实验研究的视角出发，按照深海试验装备及试验场、深海原位探测与实验装备、深海环境模拟实验装备的主要划分，系统梳理了国内外深海科学实验装备的发展态势和面临的问题。我国在深海科学实验装备领域已形成了一批自主研发的装备技术，推动了深海科学研究进步，部分优势方向已跻身国际先进水平；但在高精尖装备及其关键核心技术方面未能构建成熟的产业链，导致部分装备发展受限、一些技术薄弱环节凸显。需要加强顶层谋划、协调技术攻关，建立激励机制、推动创新转化，建设示范平台、形成标准体系，突破传感技术、加快国产进程，加强国际合作、提升创新能力，以深海科学实验装备高质量发展推动深海科学研究和海洋强国建设。

关键词： 深海     科学实验装备     原位实验     原位观测     环境模拟     深海试验场    

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Development and application of ex-situ presulfurization technology for hydrotreating catalysts in China

Yulan GAO, Xiangchen FANG, Zhenmin CHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 287-296 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0529-2

摘要： The development and application of ex-situ presulfurization (EPRES) technology for hydrotreating catalysts has been reviewed in the present article. The studies in laboratory scale and commercial practice indicated that the adoption of the EPRES catalyst in industrial application can significantly enhance the degree of presulfurization of metal oxide components, shorten the start-up period, and effectively reduce the environmental impact as well as the danger of start-up procedure in industrial hydrotreating unit. This catalyst has been proved to be versatile for different types of hydrogenation reactions. Different types of active site models are also discussed for better understanding the nature of presulfurized catalysts.

关键词： ex-situ presulfurization     in situ presulfurization     hydrotreating catalyst     sulfur utilization ratio    

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A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with

Zhuang CHENG, Jianfeng WANG, Matthew Richard COOP, Guanlin YE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 357-373 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0599-2

摘要： The development of a miniature triaxial apparatus is presented. In conjunction with an X-ray micro-tomography (termed as X-ray μCT hereafter) facility and advanced image processing techniques, this apparatus can be used for investigation of the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils under shear. The apparatus allows for triaxial testing of a miniature dry sample with a size of (diameter height). triaxial testing of a 0.4–0.8 mm Leighton Buzzard sand (LBS) under a constant confining pressure of 500 kPa is presented. The evolutions of local porosities (i.e., the porosities of regions associated with individual particles), particle kinematics (i.e., particle translation and particle rotation) of the sample during the shear are quantitatively studied using image processing and analysis techniques. Meanwhile, a novel method is presented to quantify the volumetric strain distribution of the sample based on the results of local porosities and particle tracking. It is found that the sample, with nearly homogenous initial local porosities, starts to exhibit obvious inhomogeneity of local porosities and localization of particle kinematics and volumetric strain around the peak of deviatoric stress. In the post-peak shear stage, large local porosities and volumetric dilation mainly occur in a localized band. The developed triaxial apparatus, in its combined use of X-ray μCT imaging techniques, is a powerful tool to investigate the micro-scale mechanical behavior of granular soils.

关键词： triaxial apparatus     X-ray μCT     in situ test     micro-scale mechanical behavior     granular soils    

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Lunar In Situ Large-Scale Construction: Quantitative Evaluation of Regolith Solidification Techniques

Charun Bao,Daobo Zhang,Qinyu Wang,Yifei Cui,Peng Feng,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.03.004

摘要： Lunar habitat construction is crucial for successful lunar exploration missions. Due to the limitations of transportation conditions, extensive global research has been conducted on lunar in situ material processing techniques in recent years. The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review, precise classification, and quantitative evaluation of these approaches, focusing specifically on four main approaches: reaction solidification (RS), sintering/melting (SM), bonding solidification (BS), and confinement formation (CF). Eight key indicators have been identified for the construction of low-cost and high-performance systems to assess the feasibility of these methods: in situ material ratio, curing temperature, time, implementation conditions, compressive strength, tensile strength, curing dimensions, and environmental adaptability. The scoring thresholds are determined by comparing the construction requirements with the actual capabilities. Among the evaluated methods, regolith bagging has emerged as a promising option due to its high in situ material ratio, low time requirement, lack of high-temperature requirements, and minimal shortcomings, with only the compressive strength falling below the neutral score. The compressive strength still maintains a value of 2–3 MPa. The proposed construction scheme utilizing regolith bags offers numerous advantages, including rapid and large-scale construction, ensured tensile strength, and reduced reliance on equipment and energy. In this study, guidelines for evaluating regolith solidification techniques are provided, and directions for improvement are offered. The proposed lunar habitat design based on regolith bags is a practical reference for future research.

关键词： Lunar habitats     Lunar     in situ     construction     Regolith bag     Solidification and formation     In situ     materials     Evaluation method    

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Polyolefin-nanocomposites with special properties by in-situ polymerization

Walter Kaminsky

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 555-563 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1715-x

摘要：

Exceptionally strong polyolefin nanocomposites are synthesized by in-situ polymerization using soluble metallocene/methylaluminoxane (MAO) as catalysts in a two-step process. First, the soluble metallocene/MAO or other single site catalysts are absorbed on the surface of the nanofillers. Then by addition of ethene or propene, a polyolefin film is formed, covering the nanoparticles, layered silicates, or fibers. The resulting polyethylene and polypropylene nanocomposites are characterized by better physical and chemical properties such as stiffness, gas barrier properties, degradation temperatures, and crystallization rates. They show better mechanical properties than materials produced by mechanical blending. The thickness of the polyolefin can be controlled by the pressure of ethene or propene and by the polymerization time. Carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes are covered with isotactic or syndiotactic polypropylene. Because of the hydrophobic character of the carbon surface, the polymer is drawn on the fiber. This leads to a reinforced combined polymer with special properties. The crystallization temperature is 10 °C higher and therefore the crystallization rate up to 20 times faster than that of pure syndiotactic polypropylene. The form stability increases by 100% if 3 wt-% of carbon nanotubes are incorporated.

关键词： polyolefin nanocomposites     metallocenes     methylaluminoxane    

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Thermodynamic analysis of liquid phase in situ hydrogenation of glycerol for 1,3-propanediol synthesis

Kun OUYANG, Yu HUANG, Haoyi CHEN, Tao LI, Fahai CAO, Dingye FANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 67-73 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0541-6

摘要： Based on the combination of the glycerol aqueous-phase reforming (APR) and catalytic hydrogenation of glycerol, a novel reaction system of liquid phase in situ hydrogenation of glycerol for the synthesis of 1,3-propanediol is proposed, in which hydrogen is produced from glycerol aqueous-phase reforming in the same reactor. In this new system, the glycerol is the raw material of the aqueous-phase reforming reaction; the hydrogen generated from the APR of glycerol can be quickly transformed to the in situ hydrogenation of glycerol to produce 1,3-propanediol, which can improve the selectivity of hydrogen for the APR process of glycerol. Moreover, thermodynamic calculation of the coupling processes was carried out, and standard molar enthalpies and equilibrium constants of foregoing reactions were obtained. The above calculation results indicate that the combination process is feasible for 1,3-propanediol synthesis.

关键词： glycerol     aqueous-phase reforming     1     3-propanediol     in-situ reduction    

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Propagation characteristics of transient waves in low-strain integrity testing on cast-in-situ concrete

Hanlong LIU, Xuanming DING

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 240-240 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0100-8

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In situ synthesis of FeS/Carbon fibers for the effective removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution

Rongrong Zhang, Daohao Li, Jin Sun, Yuqian Cui, Yuanyuan Sun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1247-8

摘要： Abstract • FeS/carbon fibers were in situ synthesized with Fe-carrageenan hydrogel fiber. • The double helix structure of carrageenan is used to load and disperse Fe. • Pyrolyzing sulfate groups enriched carrageenan-Fe could easily generate FeS. • The adsorption mechanisms include reduction and complexation reaction. Iron sulfide (FeS) nanoparticles (termed FSNs) have attracted much attention for the removal of pollutants due to their high efficiency and low cost, and because they are environmentally friendly. However, issues of agglomeration, transformation, and the loss of active components limit their application. Therefore, this study investigates in situ synthesized FeS/carbon fibers with an Fe-carrageenan biomass as a precursor and nontoxic sulfur source to ascertain the removal efficiency of the fibers. The enrichment of sulfate groups as well as the double-helix structure in ι-carrageenan-Fe could effectively avoid the aggregation and loss of FSNs in practical applications. The obtained FeS/carbon fibers were used to control a Cr(VI) polluted solution, and exhibited a relatively high removal capacity (81.62 mg/g). The main mechanisms included the reduction of FeS, electrostatic adsorption of carbon fibers, and Cr(III)-Fe(III) complexation reaction. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption model both provided a good fit of the reaction process; hence, the removal process was mainly controlled by chemical adsorption, specifically monolayer adsorption on a uniform surface. Furthermore, co-existing anions, column, and regeneration experiments indicated that the FeS/carbon fibers are a promising remediation material for practical application.

关键词： Carrageenan     FeS     Double-helix structure     Hexavalent chromium    

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In-situ condition monitoring of reinforced concrete structures

Sanjeev Kumar VERMA,Sudhir Singh BHADAURIA,Saleem AKHTAR

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 420-437 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0336-z

摘要： Performance of concrete structures is significantly influenced and governed by its durability and resistance to environmental or exposure conditions, apart from its physical strength. It can be monitored, evaluated and predicted through modeling of physical deterioration mechanisms, performance characteristics and parameters and condition monitoring of in situ concrete structures. One such study has been conducted using Non-destructive testing equipment in the city of Bhopal and around located in India. Some selected parameters influencing durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures such as concrete cover, carbonation depth, chloride concentration, half cell potential and compressive strength have been measured, for establishing correlation among various parameters and age of structures. Effects of concrete cover and compressive strength over the variation of chloride content with time are also investigated.

关键词： concrete     carbonation     chloride     corrosion     monitoring     models    

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Investigate of in situ sludge reduction in sequencing batch biofilm reactor: Performances, mechanisms

Yonglei Wang, Baozhen Liu, Kefeng Zhang, Yongjian Liu, Xuexin Xu, Junqi Jia

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1077-0

摘要：

Microbial metabolism uncoupling, sludge decay is the main mechanism to promote in situ sludge reduction on this biofilm system.

The main reduction mechanism inside the biofilm is sludge decay in the longitudinal distribution of biofilm.

Mizugakiibacter and Azospira anaerobic fermentation bacterium dominate the FSC organisms indicating the dominant mechanism on the biofilm is sludge decay.

The floating spherical carriers with compound of the polyurethane and two fiber balls can effectively blocking suspended sludge, improving Biofilm formation efficiency significantly.

关键词： In situ sludge reduction     Biofilm     Composite floating spherical carriers     Microbial community     SBBR    

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Development of an H reduction and moderate oxidation method for 3,5-dimethylpyridine hydrogenation in trickle bed reactor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期   页码 1807-1817 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2243-2

摘要： The Ru/C catalyst prepared by impregnation method was used for hydrogenation of 3,5-dimethylpyridine in a trickle bed reactor. Under the same reduction conditions (300 °C in H2), the catalytic activity of the non-in-situ reduced Ru/C-n catalyst was higher than that of the in-situ reduced Ru/C-y catalyst. Therefore, an in-situ H2 reduction and moderate oxidation method was developed to increase the catalyst activity. Moreover, the influence of oxidation temperature on the developed method was investigated. The catalysts were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, hydrogen temperature programmed reduction H2-TPR, hydrogen temperature-programmed dispersion (H2-TPD), X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, O2 chemisorption and oxygen temperature-programmed dispersion (O2-TPD) analyses. The results showed that there existed an optimal Ru/RuOx ratio for the catalyst, and the highest 3,5-dimethylpyridine conversion was obtained for the Ru/C-i1 catalyst prepared by in-situ H2 reduction and moderate oxidation (oxidized at 100 °C). Excessive oxidation (200 °C) resulted in a significant decrease in the Ru/RuOx ratio of the in-situ H2 reduction and moderate oxidized Ru/C-i2 catalyst, the interaction between RuOx species and the support changed, and the hard-to-reduce RuOx species was formed, leading to a significant decrease in catalyst activity. The developed in-situ H2 reduction and moderate oxidation method eliminated the step of the non-in-situ reduction of catalyst outside the trickle bed reactor.

关键词： Ru/C catalyst     in-situ H2 reduction and moderate oxidation     in-situ reduction     non-in-situ reduction     hydrogenation of 3     5-dimethylpyridine    

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Tracing the impact of stack configuration on interface resistances in reverse electrodialysis by in situ

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1480-9

摘要：

• RED performance and stack resistance were studied by EIS and LSV.

关键词： Reverse electrodialysis     Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy     Concentration polarization     Spacer shadow effect    

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Large-Scale Surface Modification of Decellularized Matrix with Erythrocyte Membrane for Promoting In Situ

Yuqi Liu,Pengning Fan,Yin Xu,Junwei Zhang,Li Xu,Jinsheng Li,Shijie Wang,Fei Li,Si Chen,Jiawei Shi,Weihua Qiao,Nianguo Dong,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2024.04.019

摘要： In situ regeneration is a promising strategy for constructing tissue engineering heart valves (TEHVs). Currently, the decellularized heart valve (DHV) is extensively employed as a TEHV scaffold. Nevertheless, DHV exhibits limited blood compatibility and notable difficulties in endothelialization, resulting in thrombosis and graft failure. The red blood cell membrane (RBCM) exhibits excellent biocompatibility and prolonged circulation stability and is extensively applied in the camouflage of nanoparticles for drug delivery; however, there is no report on its application for large-scale modification of decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM). For the first time, we utilized a layer-by-layer assembling strategy to immobilize RBCM on the surface of DHV and construct an innovative TEHV scaffold. Our findings demonstrated that the scaffold significantly improved the hemocompatibility of DHV by effectively preventing plasma protein adsorption, activated platelet adhesion, and erythrocyte aggregation, and induced macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype in vitro. Moreover, RBCM modification significantly enhanced the mechanical properties and enzymatic stability of DHV. The rat models of subcutaneous embedding and abdominal aorta implantation showed that the scaffold regulated the polarization of macrophages into the anti-inflammatory and pro-modeling M2 phenotype and promoted endothelialization and ECM remodeling in the early stage without thrombosis and calcification. The novel TEHV exhibits excellent performance and can overcome the limitations of commonly used clinical prostheses.

关键词： In situ     tissue engineering heart valves     Red blood cell membrane     Endothelialization     Hemocompatibility     Immunomodulation    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

In situ-based assessment of soil liquefaction potential–Case study of an earth dam in Tunisia

Ikram GUETTAYA,Mohamed Ridha EL OUNI

期刊论文

DX桩与后压浆钻孔灌注桩现场试验研究

刘春刚,柴小兵,欧阳义,贺德新

期刊论文

深海科学实验装备发展研究

梁健臻,冯景春,张卉,张偲

期刊论文

Development and application of ex-situ presulfurization technology for hydrotreating catalysts in China

Yulan GAO, Xiangchen FANG, Zhenmin CHENG

期刊论文

A miniature triaxial apparatus for investigating the micromechanics of granular soils with

Zhuang CHENG, Jianfeng WANG, Matthew Richard COOP, Guanlin YE

期刊论文

Lunar In Situ Large-Scale Construction: Quantitative Evaluation of Regolith Solidification Techniques

Charun Bao,Daobo Zhang,Qinyu Wang,Yifei Cui,Peng Feng,

期刊论文

Polyolefin-nanocomposites with special properties by in-situ polymerization

Walter Kaminsky

期刊论文

Thermodynamic analysis of liquid phase in situ hydrogenation of glycerol for 1,3-propanediol synthesis

Kun OUYANG, Yu HUANG, Haoyi CHEN, Tao LI, Fahai CAO, Dingye FANG

期刊论文

Propagation characteristics of transient waves in low-strain integrity testing on cast-in-situ concrete

Hanlong LIU, Xuanming DING

期刊论文

In situ synthesis of FeS/Carbon fibers for the effective removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution

Rongrong Zhang, Daohao Li, Jin Sun, Yuqian Cui, Yuanyuan Sun

期刊论文

In-situ condition monitoring of reinforced concrete structures

Sanjeev Kumar VERMA,Sudhir Singh BHADAURIA,Saleem AKHTAR

期刊论文

Investigate of in situ sludge reduction in sequencing batch biofilm reactor: Performances, mechanisms

Yonglei Wang, Baozhen Liu, Kefeng Zhang, Yongjian Liu, Xuexin Xu, Junqi Jia

期刊论文

Development of an H reduction and moderate oxidation method for 3,5-dimethylpyridine hydrogenation in trickle bed reactor

期刊论文

Tracing the impact of stack configuration on interface resistances in reverse electrodialysis by in situ

期刊论文

Large-Scale Surface Modification of Decellularized Matrix with Erythrocyte Membrane for Promoting In Situ

Yuqi Liu,Pengning Fan,Yin Xu,Junwei Zhang,Li Xu,Jinsheng Li,Shijie Wang,Fei Li,Si Chen,Jiawei Shi,Weihua Qiao,Nianguo Dong,

期刊论文