Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 10

会议视频 2

年份

2023 2

2022 4

2019 1

2017 2

2012 1

2007 2

关键词

2020全球工程前沿 1

产乙酸菌 1

反硝化除磷 1

好氧摄磷 1

微生物电化学 1

电发酵 1

电子受体 1

电活性微生物 1

碳链延长 1

聚磷菌 1

营养健康 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation microorganism community structure under microaeration condition

Chen Yuancai, Hao Yuan, Fu Shiyu, Zhan Huaiyu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 411-415 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0075-8

摘要： The comparison of pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation was conducted under micro-aeration and anaerobic condition with three series of batch experiment, results of which indicated that during micro-aeration condition co-immobilized of anaerobic granular sludge and isolated aerobic bacterial species could enhance the efficiency of PCP reduction through the synergism of aerobes and anaerobes reductive dechlorination and exchange of metabolites within the co-immobilized granular sludge. While during anaerobic condition, there was no great difference in the three series. The specific activities experiment further confirmed that strict anaerobes were not affected over the presence of micro aeration environment. Microorganism community construction of co-immobilized anaerobic granular sludge and the mixed isolated aerobic community was also deduced. By the efficient cooperation of aerobes and anaerobes, the high efficiency removal rate of PCP was implemented.

关键词： comparison co-immobilized anaerobic anaerobic granular exchange PCP

HTML PDF 收藏

Preparation and characterization of a novel microorganism embedding material for simultaneous nitrification

Ming Zeng, Ping Li, Nan Wu, Xiaofang Li, Chang Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0961-3

摘要： A novel microorganism embedding material was prepared to enhance the biological nitrogen removal through simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA) and cyclodextrin (CD) were used to compose gel bead with embedded activated sludge. The effects of temperature, CD addition and concentrations of PVA and SA on nitrogen removal were evaluated. Results show that the gel bead with CD addition at 30°C contributed to the highest nitrogen removal efficiency and nitrogen removal rate of 85.4% and 2.08 mg·(L·h)?1, respectively. Meanwhile, negligible NO3? and NO2? were observed, proving the occurrence of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The High-Throughput Sequencing confirms that the microbial community mainly contained Comamonadaceae in the proportion of 61.3%. Overall, CD increased gel bead’s porosity and resulted in the high specific endogenous respiration rate and high nitrogen removal efficiency, which is a favorable additional agent to the traditional embedding material.

关键词： Immobilization technology Nitrogen removal Cyclodextrin Microbial community Wastewater treatment

HTML PDF 收藏

Diversity and distribution of proteorhodopsin-containing microorganisms in marine environments

Bo WEI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 98-106 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0278-y

摘要： Proteorhodopsin (PR) is a recently discovered protein involved in the utilization of light energy. Several studies have shown that PR-containing microorganisms are widespread and compose a large proportion of the biomass in marine ecosystems. A better understanding of the ecological role of PR will help clarify the effect of the global flow of energy and the carbon cycle on marine communities. In this study, a bioinformatical database of PR codon sequences, the Global Distribution Database of Proteorhodopsin (GDDP), as a tool for analyzing the diversity and distribution of PR-containing microorganisms in marine environments throughout the world was designed. The community structure of PR microorganisms were also compared using PCR assays and UniFrac analyses of 12 samples collected from three water layers (0, 75, and 200 m) at four representative sites in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. The results indicate that PR-containing microorganisms can be grouped into two distribution types: widespread and location-specific. Representative cases of the former include SAR11-PR and HOT2C01-PR. Interestingly, PR communities cluster by geographic locale but not by water depth.

关键词： proteorhodopsin (PR) microorganism community diversity marine environments

HTML PDF 收藏

Biodegradation of waste refrigerator polyurethane by mealworms

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1638-8

摘要：

● Waste refrigerator polyurethane (WRPU) was ingested and biodegraded by mealworms.

关键词： Waste refrigerator polyurethane Mealworms Biodegradation Carbon balance Gut microorganism

HTML PDF 收藏

HEMIPTERAN-TRANSMITTED PLANT VIRUSES: RESEARCH PROGRESS AND CONTROL STRATEGIES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第1期页码 98-109 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021389

摘要：

About 80% of plant viruses are transmitted by specific insect vectors, especially hemipterans with piercing-sucking mouthparts. Many virus-transmitting insects are also important crop pests that cause considerable losses in crop production. This review summarizes the latest research findings on the interactions between plant viruses and insect vectors and analyzes the key factors affecting insect transmission of plant viruses from the perspectives of insect immunity, insect feeding, and insect symbiotic microorganisms. Additionally, by referring to the latest applications for blocking the transmission of animal viruses, potential control strategies to prevent the transmission of insect-vectored plant viruses using RNAi technology, gene editing technology, and CRISPR/Cas9+ gene-driven technology are discussed.

关键词： control strategies / feeding / immunity / insect vector / microorganism / plant virus

HTML PDF 收藏

Impact of food to microorganism ratio and alcohol ethoxylate dosage on methane production in treatment

Yulun Nie, Xike Tian, Zhaoxin Zhou, Yu-You Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0947-1

摘要： The effects of food to microorganism (F/M) ratio and alcohol ethoxylate (AE) dosage on the methane production potential were investigated in treatment of low-strength wastewater by a submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR). The fate of AE and its acute and/or chronic impact on the anaerobic microbes were also analyzed. The results indicated that AE had an inhibitory effect to methane production potential (lag-time depends on the AE dosage) and the negative effect attenuated subsequently and methane production could recover at F/M ratio of 0.088–0.357. VFA measurement proved that AE was degraded into small molecular organic acids and then converted into methane at lower F/M ratio (F/M<0.158). After long-term acclimation, anaerobic microbe could cope with the stress of AE by producing more EPS (extracellular polymeric substances) and SMP (soluble microbial products) due to its self-protection behavior and then enhance its tolerance ability. However, the methane production potential was considerably decreased when AE was present in wastewater at a higher F/M ratio of 1.054. Higher AE amount and F/M ratio may destroy the cell structure of microbe, which lead to the decrease of methane production activity of sludge and methane production potential.

关键词： Anaerobic membrane bioreactor AnMBR F/M ratio Surfactant Wastewater Methane production Influence

HTML PDF 收藏

Microorganism-derived biological macromolecules for tissue engineering

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 358-377 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0903-0

摘要： According to literature, certain microorganism productions mediate biological effects. However, their beneficial characteristics remain unclear. Nowadays, scientists concentrate on obtaining natural materials from live creatures as new sources to produce innovative smart biomaterials for increasing tissue reconstruction in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The present review aims to introduce microorganism-derived biological macromolecules, such as pullulan, alginate, dextran, curdlan, and hyaluronic acid, and their available sources for tissue engineering. Growing evidence indicates that these materials can be used as biological material in scaffolds to enhance regeneration in damaged tissues and contribute to cosmetic and dermatological applications. These natural-based materials are attractive in pharmaceutical, regenerative medicine, and biomedical applications. This study provides a detailed overview of natural-based biomaterials, their chemical and physical properties, and new directions for future research and therapeutic applications.

关键词： biological macromolecules regenerative medicine tissue engineering exopolysaccharide carbohydrate

HTML PDF 收藏

MB（A2/O）工艺的好氧、缺氧摄磷及微生物特性

吴剑,王世和

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第11期页码 191-195

摘要：

为开发高效除磷脱氮技术，研制了将MBR与A²/O工艺有机集成的新型MB（A²/O）组合工艺。研究了MB（A²/O）工艺处理城市污水的好氧、缺氧摄磷性能及微生物特性，并分析了其机理。结果表明：在 MB（A²/O）系统中，聚磷菌约占活性污泥总量的20%~40%，其中大量存在能够利用NOX－N作为电子受体进行反硝化除磷的DPB，约占聚磷菌数量的35. 66%~67. 83%。好氧摄磷的平均速率为2. 30mgP·gMLSS^-1·h^-1，最大摄磷速率为5. 44mgP·gMLSS^-1·h^-1；缺氧摄磷的平均速率为1. 56 mgP·gMLSS^-1·h^-1，最大摄磷速率为1. 94 mgP·gMLSS^-1·h^-1。

关键词：好氧摄磷反硝化除磷聚磷菌电子受体

HTML PDF 收藏

微生物电合成中链脂肪酸 Article

褚娜, 郝雯, 吴清莲, 梁勤军, 蒋永, 梁鹏, 任智勇, 曾建雄

《工程（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 141-153 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.03.025

摘要：

微生物电合成（MES）使用微生物催化剂和电化学手段促进CO₂生物转化，也应用于有机废物生物炼制。本文总结了MES 利用CO₂ 和有机废物产中链脂肪酸（MCFA）的研究现状与发展趋势，对传统发酵产MCFA的基本原理和研究进展进行了归纳。首先，概述了MES产MCFA的相关报道，重点介绍了多电子供体（ED）策略。其次，讨论了MES利用CO₂产MCFA面临的挑战，并针对产甲烷抑制、产乙酸菌三磷酸腺苷（ATP）限制、产有机溶剂阶段提供ED有限进行了详细阐述。再次，分析了电化学手段促进有机废物生物炼制产MCFA的潜力。最后，从多级反应、底物供应、产物提取、微生物代谢路径等角度展望了未来发展方向。

关键词：电发酵微生物电化学产乙酸菌碳链延长电活性微生物

HTML PDF 收藏

Rapid control of black and odorous substances from heavily-polluted sediment by oxidation: Efficiency and effects

Kun Li, Min Yang, Jianfeng Peng, Ruiping Liu, Tista Prasai Joshi, Yaohui Bai, Huijuan Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1171-y

摘要： Oxidants were proposed to rapidly control black and odorous substances in sediments. NaClO and KMnO4 had excellent efficiency to remove black and odorous substances. NaClO dramatically accelerated the release of organics, NH4+-N, P, and heavy-metals. Moderate oxidation had a limited effect on microbial communities. NaClO of 0.2 mmol/g was viewed to be the optimum option. The control of black and odorous substances in sediments is of crucial importance to improve the urban ecological landscape and to restore water environments accordingly. In this study, chemical oxidation by the oxidants NaClO, H2O2, and KMnO4 was proposed to achieve rapid control of black and odorous substances in heavily-polluted sediments. Results indicate that NaClO and KMnO4 are effective at removing Fe(II) and acid volatile sulfides. The removal efficiencies of Fe(II) and AVS were determined to be 45.2%, 94.1%, and 93.7%, 89.5% after 24-h exposure to NaClO and KMnO4 at 0.2 mmol/g, respectively. Additionally, rapid oxidation might accelerate the release of pollutants from sediment. The release of organic matters and phosphorus with the maximum ratios of 22.1% and 51.2% was observed upon NaClO oxidation at 0.4 mmol/g. Moreover, the introduction of oxidants contributed to changes in the microbial community composition in sediment. After oxidation by NaClO and KMnO4 at 0.4 mmol/g, the Shannon index decreased from 6.72 to 5.19 and 4.95, whereas the OTU numbers decreased from 2904 to 1677 and 1553, respectively. Comparatively, H2O2 showed a lower effect on the removal of black and odorous substances, pollutant release, and changes in sediment microorganisms. This study illustrates the effects of oxidant addition on the characteristics of heavily polluted sediments and shows that chemical oxidants may be an option to achieve rapid control of black and odorous substances prior to remediation of water environments.

关键词： Oxidants Heavily polluted sediment Black and odorous substances Release behaviors Microorganism