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北方缺水地区半旱地农业有限补灌模式探讨

李英能

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第3期页码 41-45

摘要：

以降水利用和灌溉程度为依据，对半旱地农业进行了研究，着重讨论了与半旱地农业涵义有关的问题，论述了在北方缺水地区发展半旱地农业的意义，给出了半旱地农业有限补灌技术模式。针对北方缺水地区的特点，提出了不同类型区半旱地农业有限补灌发展模式，并探讨了北方缺水地区半旱地农业发展有限补灌的策略。

关键词：半旱地农业有限补灌模式

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LIGHT INTERCEPTION AND USE EFFICIENCY DIFFER WITH MAIZE PLANT DENSITY IN MAIZE-PEANUT INTERCROPPING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第3期页码 432-446 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021403

摘要：

Intercropping increases crop yields by optimizing light interception and/or use efficiency. Although intercropping combinations and metrics have been reported, the effects of plant density on light use are not well documented. Here, we examined the light interception and use efficiency in maize-peanut intercropping with different maize plant densities in two row configurations in semiarid dryland agriculture over a two-year period. The field experiment comprised four cropping systems, i.e. monocropped maize, monocropped peanut, maize-peanut intercropping with two rows of maize and four rows of peanut, intercropping with four rows of maize and four rows of peanut, and three maize plant densities (3.0, 4.5 and 6.0 plants m⁻¹ row) in both monocropped and intercropping maize. The mean total light interception in intercropping across years and densities was 779 MJ·m⁻², 5.5% higher than in monocropped peanut (737 MJ·m⁻²) and 7.6% lower than in monocropped maize (843 MJ·m⁻²). Increasing maize density increased light interception in monocropped maize but did not affect the total light interception in the intercrops. Across years the LUE of maize was 2.9 g·MJ⁻¹ and was not affected by cropping system but increased with maize plant density. The LUE of peanut was enhanced in intercropping, especially in a wetter year. The yield advantage of maize-peanut intercropping resulted mainly from the LUE of peanut. These results will help to optimize agronomic management and system design and provide evidence for system level light use efficiency in intercropping.

关键词： dryland agriculture light interception light use efficiency maize-peanut intercropping semiarid

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STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN DRYLAND AGROECOSYSTEMS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第4期页码 599-602 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021409

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Fighting for the poverty: a case study for human migration in the context of sustainable dryland farming

Yongqing MA, Jie CHEN, Shuqi DONG, Lun SHAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 62-68 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014027

摘要： The Southern Ningxia Hilly Area is one of the most impoverished areas of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (a province) of China due to an economy that mainly relies on agriculture, which is affected by droughts in two out of every three years. Government programs have attempted to develop an increased and sustainable level of scientifically based agricultural production while restoring the environment. However, since the population exceeds the capacity of the land to adequately support it, a program is underway to move 350000 people to more suitable locations. This paper outlines the past improvements to the Southern Ningxia Hilly Area and considers future development in the context of migration for ecological reasons.

关键词： agricultural production animal husbandry development strategy ecological migration

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Policy options for Agriculture Green Development by farmers in China

Laurence E. D. SMITH

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 90-97 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019290

摘要：

Farmers are the key agents who manage land and water. Agriculture Green Development (AGD) requires a transformation in farming from high resource consumption and environmental cost to sustainable intensification with high productivity, high resource use efficiency and low environmental risk. This paper analyzes the public policy challenge of AGD and makes the case for a location-sensitive policy mix made up of regulation, advice provision, voluntarism and targeted incentives. The public agricultural extension service in China is a key resource, but one that requires reorientation and reform with the aim of better balancing high farm productivity with environmental protection.

关键词： agriculture environment development incentives policy regulation

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黄淮海地区农业节水对策及实施半旱地农业可行性研究

山仑,吴普特 , 康绍忠, 冯浩 , 张岁岐

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第4期页码 37-42

摘要：

通过系统调研，从挖掘各类农业水资源潜力入手，分析总结了黄淮海地区农业节水的成效、经验与存在的问题，认为在充分利用降水基础上实施补充少量灌溉水的半旱地农业是解决该区域水资源严重短缺，同时实现农业生产可持续增长的一条重要出路。旱地农业、灌溉农业和半旱地农业并存将成为未来农业用水的新格局，按此对策实施，预期到2020年，该地区农田灌溉用水量可减少30 %以上，并率先实现农业用水系统的现代化。

关键词：黄淮海地区农业节水半旱地农业水资源潜力

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Highlights of special issue on ‘Agriculture in Water-Limited Areas’

Pute WU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 123-125 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017147

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GRASSLAND AGRICULTURE IN CHINA—A REVIEW

Fujiang HOU, Qianmin JIA, Shanning LOU, Chuntao YANG, Jiao NING, Lan LI, Qingshan FAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第1期页码 35-44 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020378

摘要： Interactions between crops and livestock have been at the core of the evolution of many agricultural systems. In this paper, we identify the development and characteristics of mixed crop-livestock systems, with a focus on grassland-based systems, as these cover large areas in China, and face several challenges. Following the transition from the original hunting and foraging systems to a sedentary lifestyle with integrated crop-livestock production systems some 8000 years ago, a range of different mixed systems have developed, depending on rainfall, solar radiation and temperature, culture and markets. We describe 5 main types of integrated systems: (1) livestock and rangeland, (2) livestock and grain production, (3) livestock and crop – grassland rotations, (4) livestock, crops and forest (silvo-pasture), and (5) livestock, crops and fish ponds. Next, two of these mixed systems are described in greater detail, i.e., the mountain-oasis-desert system and its modifications in arid and semi-arid regions, and the integrated crop-livestock production systems on the Loess Plateau. In general, crop-livestock interactions in integrated systems have significant positive effects on crop production, livestock production, energy use efficiency and economic profitability. We conclude that improved integration of crop-livestock production systems is one of the most important ways for achieving a more sustainable development of animal agriculture in China.

关键词： food security ruminant agriculture herbivove agriculture crop-livestock interaction energy balance analysis

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面向2050 年我国现代智慧生态农业发展战略研究

刘旭,李文华,赵春江,闵庆文,杨信廷,刘某承

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第1期页码 38-45 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.006

摘要：

为实现农业强而永续、农村美并生态、农民富且体面的乡村全面振兴美好愿景，本文分析了未来30 年我国农产品需求、农业产业结构和农业劳动力需求的变化趋势，提出了未来我国农业应坚持发展“现代智慧生态农业”这一基本方略，实现“确保国家粮食安全、高效绿色高值农业永续发展”两个目标，推进“农业效能提升、系统优化、资源高效循环”三个战略，重构“创新型农业科技体系、现代化农业经营体系、社会化农业服务体系、新时代农业人才体系”四个体系，创新“生物技术以改造农业、装备技术以武装农业、生态技术以支撑农业、信息技术以提升农业”四项技术，实施“现代智慧生态农业试点示范工程、现代生产生活废弃物处理工程、农业全产业链高质量发展监测与评估工程、以养殖企业为主导的种养结合模式创建工程、农业农村人才培育工程”五大工程，为实现社会主义现代化强国的宏伟目标奠定坚实基础。

关键词：农业发展方略，现代农业，智慧农业，生态农业

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Toward sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa

Andreas BUERKERT, Eva SCHLECHT

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第4期页码 401-405 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020341

摘要：

Across the African continent efforts to intensify agriculture have been limited to specific commodities, locations or particular production schemes. The causes for the widespread failure to overcome low land and labor productivity while maintaining ecosystem services have often be analyzed but remain poorly understood. A social-ecological system approach may help to better understand the complex nature of ecological disadvantages, postcolonial structures, limited connect between producers and consumer markets, low off-farm livelihood opportunities, partial underpopulation and lacking experience with the concept of sustainable production as a major impediment for sustainable intensification of the agricultural sector. Nevertheless, recent success stories in agro-pastoral systems as well as urban vegetable and animal production and associated value chains in West Africa, and in intensive mixed-cropping systems of the Great Lakes Region show the potential of stakeholder-driven agricultural intensification. Proper interpretation of these cases may provide lessons for a more widespread eco-intensification of smallholder agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： colonial heritage land use marketing property rights subsistence agriculture urbanization value chains

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DESIGNING DIVERSIFIED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN CHINA: THEORY, APPROACHES AND IMPLEMENTATION

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第3期页码 362-372 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE -2021392

摘要：

Intensive agriculture in China over recent decades has successfully realized food security but at the expense of negative environmental impacts. Achieving green transformation of agriculture in China requires fundamental restructuring of cropping systems. This paper presents a theoretical framework of theory, approaches and implementation of crop diversification schemes in China. Initially, crop diversification schemes require identifying multiple objectives by simultaneously considering natural resources, limiting factors/constraints, and social and economic demands of different stakeholders. Then, it is necessary to optimize existing and/or design novel cropping systems based upon farming practices and ecological principles, and to strengthen targeted ecosystem services to achieve the identified objectives. Next, the resulting diversified cropping systems need to be evaluated and examined by employing experimental and modeling approaches. Finally, a strategic plan, as presented in this paper, is needed for implementing an optimized crop diversification in China based upon regional characteristics with the concurrent objectives of safe, nutritious food production and environmental protection. The North China Plain is used as an example to illustrate the strategic plan to optimize and design diversified cropping systems. The implementation of crop diversification in China will set an example for other countries undergoing agricultural transition, and contribute to global sustainable development.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development ， crop diversification ， cropping system modeling ， ecosystem services ， sustainable agriculture

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Toward Agriculture Green Development

Oene OENEMA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 110-111 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019314

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Highlights of special issue “Genome Editing in Agriculture: Technology, Applications and Regulations”

Yaofeng ZHAO, Caixia GAO, Sen WU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 121-122 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019317

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Ecosystem service tradeoff between traditional and modern agriculture: a case study in Congjiang County

Dan ZHANG, Qingwen MIN, Moucheng LIU, Shengkui CHENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 743-752 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0385-4

摘要： Besides crops, agriculture supplies all three major categories of ecosystem services (ES). However, agriculture also supplies an array of ecosystem dis-services (EDS) that may harm other ecosystems. The flows of ES and EDS are directly dependent on the management of agricultural ecosystems. The traditional method of Chinese agriculture, which supports sustainable agriculture, has been proven to increase ES and reduce EDS. However, there is a lack of a detailed understanding of the ES and EDS associated with traditional agriculture, and also of differences between traditional and modern agriculture. In this study, an investigation was conducted on the ecosystem services (ES) and ecosystem dis-services (EDS) of traditional and modern agriculture in Congjiang County, Guizhou Province, China. Afterwards, the economic values of ES and EDS were quantified experimentally and calculated based on the market price. The results show that: the net economic value of traditional rice-fish agriculture was 3.31×10 CNY·ha (6.83 CNY= 1 USD as of July, 2009) and that of rice monoculture was 1.99×10 CNY·ha . Significant differences existed between traditional rice-fish and rice monoculture fields for their economic values of some ES or EDS. A benefit and cost analysis (BCA) model was used to adjust the conflict between the economic income and environmental loss from traditional and modern agriculture. The BCA model not only calculates the net income but also monetizes the EDS of the agricultural systems. The results showed that the net income of rice-fish agriculture was 1.94×10 CNY·ha higher than that of rice monoculture. However, the benefit to cost ratio (BCR) of rice-fish agriculture was lower than that of rice monoculture, indicating that the traditional agricultural model was not the most optimized choice for farmers. The value of the rice-fish agriculture was much higher than that of the rice monoculture. Thus, when considering the benefits that rice-fish agriculture contributes to the large-scale society, these agricultural methods needs to be utilized. Furthermore, the labor opportunity costs were calculated and the comprehensive value of rice monoculture was negative. Finally, the compensation standard was calculated based on the comprehensive benefit analysis. The lowest level was 1.09×10 CNY·ha , and the highest level was 1.21×10 CNY·ha .

关键词： traditional agriculture rice-fish agriculture rice monoculture benefit and cost analysis (BCA) ecosystem services (ES) ecosystem dis-services (EDS)

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2017年度农业前沿

农业项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2017年第1卷第1期页码 179-197

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标题作者时间类型操作

北方缺水地区半旱地农业有限补灌模式探讨

李英能

期刊论文

LIGHT INTERCEPTION AND USE EFFICIENCY DIFFER WITH MAIZE PLANT DENSITY IN MAIZE-PEANUT INTERCROPPING

期刊论文

STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN DRYLAND AGROECOSYSTEMS

期刊论文

Fighting for the poverty: a case study for human migration in the context of sustainable dryland farming

Yongqing MA, Jie CHEN, Shuqi DONG, Lun SHAN

期刊论文

Policy options for Agriculture Green Development by farmers in China

Laurence E. D. SMITH

期刊论文

黄淮海地区农业节水对策及实施半旱地农业可行性研究

山仑,吴普特 , 康绍忠, 冯浩 , 张岁岐

期刊论文

Highlights of special issue on ‘Agriculture in Water-Limited Areas’

Pute WU

期刊论文

GRASSLAND AGRICULTURE IN CHINA—A REVIEW

Fujiang HOU, Qianmin JIA, Shanning LOU, Chuntao YANG, Jiao NING, Lan LI, Qingshan FAN

期刊论文

面向2050 年我国现代智慧生态农业发展战略研究

刘旭,李文华,赵春江,闵庆文,杨信廷,刘某承

期刊论文

Toward sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa

Andreas BUERKERT, Eva SCHLECHT

期刊论文

DESIGNING DIVERSIFIED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN CHINA: THEORY, APPROACHES AND IMPLEMENTATION

期刊论文

Toward Agriculture Green Development

Oene OENEMA

期刊论文

Highlights of special issue “Genome Editing in Agriculture: Technology, Applications and Regulations”

Yaofeng ZHAO, Caixia GAO, Sen WU

期刊论文

Ecosystem service tradeoff between traditional and modern agriculture: a case study in Congjiang County

Dan ZHANG, Qingwen MIN, Moucheng LIU, Shengkui CHENG

期刊论文

2017年度农业前沿

农业项目组

期刊论文

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