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Standard model of knowledge representation

Wensheng YIN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第3期页码 275-288 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0372-3

摘要：

Knowledge representation is the core of artificial intelligence research. Knowledge representation methods include predicate logic, semantic network, computer programming language, database, mathematical model, graphics language, natural language, etc. To establish the intrinsic link between various knowledge representation methods, a unified knowledge representation model is necessary. According to ontology, system theory, and control theory, a standard model of knowledge representation that reflects the change of the objective world is proposed. The model is composed of input, processing, and output. This knowledge representation method is not a contradiction to the traditional knowledge representation method. It can express knowledge in terms of multivariate and multidimensional. It can also express process knowledge, and at the same time, it has a strong ability to solve problems. In addition, the standard model of knowledge representation provides a way to solve problems of non-precision and inconsistent knowledge.

关键词： knowledge representation standard model ontology system theory control theory multidimensional representation

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知识论框架通向信息-知识-智能统一的理论

钟义信

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第9期页码 50-64

摘要：

知识是人类所创造的宝贵财富，但至今没有形成系统的知识理论。文章旨在提出和建立知识论的框架体系，包括它的基础和主体两部分。基础部分主要给出知识的概念、定义、表示、度量、推理和决策规则；主体部分的核心是阐明由信息提炼知识（知识生成）以及由知识形成智能（知识激活）的机理。知识论的建立将为信息论-知识论-智能论的统一理论奠定坚实的基础，促进人们在更高的水平上利用信息和知识，研究、设计和应用各种智能机器，推动经济和社会的发展。

关键词：知识知识量知识生成知识激活信息-知识-智能的统一理论

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知识管理系统的运用与深化

李华

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第8期页码 87-93

摘要：

在知识经济时代，企业已经开始认识到最宝贵的资产是知识，知识不但是生产的关键要素，而且还是企业保持持续竞争优势的重要手段。企业知识管理系统的有效实施，要在正确的思想指导下，建立适于知识共享的组织结构和企业文化，在理解和实施知识管理时必须坚持积累、信任、共享、交流、学习五项原则。知识管理的目标是实现组织总体发展战略，因此知识共享的过程也必须以实现组织战略目标为前提，重视对共享知识的甄选，建立知识共享平台和存储管理单元，引导知识交流，实施奖励政策。

关键词：知识管理知识共享知识论坛

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Research on Knowledge Sharing and Transfer in Remanufacturing Engineering Management Based on SECI Model

Ling-ling Zhang,Ming-hui Zhao,Qiao Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第2期页码 136-143 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016030

摘要： In this paper, an application mode and method of knowledge management in remanufacturing engineering management is established based on Nonaka’s SECI model. The relationships between knowledge transfer, knowledge sharing and remanufacturing engineering management are highlighted. It is noticeable that a great deal of knowledge transfer and sharing activities, which can improve the performance of remanufacturing engineering management constantly, are involved in remanufacturing engineering.

关键词： remanufacturing engineering management knowledge transfer and sharing knowledge management

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perspectives and future research directions for the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil: A knowledge

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1507-2

摘要：

• The overall global perspective of the PHMCS field was obtained.

关键词： Heavy metal-contaminated soil Hot topics Knowledge mapping analysis Knowledge base Phytoremediation

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Linking elements to outcomes of knowledge transfer in the project environment: Current review and future

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第2期页码 221-238 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0195-3

摘要： A project is a specific effort to create a unique product, so it is a favorable place for knowledge creation and development. Knowledge can be transferred inside and outside projects and their parent project-based organizations, thus affecting project performance and organizational competitiveness. However, the current research on the elements and outcomes of knowledge transfer (KT) in the project environment lacks completeness and clarity, and that on the different levels of KT is fragmented. This study aims to conduct comprehensive research to determine and link the elements and outcomes of KT in the project environment. The authors systematically analyzed the relevant literature from 2000 to 2021, which showed an increasing publication trend. They divided KT in the project environment into three levels according to the transfer scenario: Intra-project, cross-project, and cross-organizational KT. Five-dimensional transfer elements and two-dimensional transfer outcomes were then identified and analyzed from previous literature. Lastly, the relationships between the transfer elements and outcomes were gathered to create a comprehensive model. Importantly, the knowledge gap in the current literature was highlighted, and future research directions were put forward. This study builds a theoretical framework linking transfer elements to outcomes that can serve as a basis for scholars and practitioners to develop effective strategies for KT in the project environment.

关键词： knowledge transfer knowledge management project management project environment literature review

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大数据知识工程发展现状及展望

郑庆华,刘欢,龚铁梁,张玲玲,刘均

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第2期页码 208-220 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.02.018

摘要：

大数据知识工程是人工智能的“基础设施”、诸多行业和领域面临的共性需求、信息化迈向智能化的必由之路。本文阐述了大数据知识工程产生的背景与概念内涵，提出了“数据知识化、知识体系化、知识可推理”的研究框架；梳理了知识获取与融合、知识表征、知识推理等大数据知识工程关键技术和智慧教育、税务风险管控、智慧医疗等典型场景中的工程应用；总结了大数据知识工程面临的挑战，研判了大数据知识工程的未来研究方向，包括复杂大数据知识获取、知识+数据混合学习、脑启发知识编码记忆等。研究建议，引导多学科交叉融合，设立重大和重点研发专项，推动大数据知识工程基础理论与技术攻关；加强企业和研究机构间交流合作，推广前沿研究成果并形成应用示范，建立大数据知识工程行业标准体系；以重大需求应用为导向，探索校企协同育人模式，加快大数据知识工程技术在重要行业的落地应用。

关键词：大数据知识工程知识获取知识融合知识表征知识推理

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Risk aspects of knowledge management

David OLSON

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 301-303 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0087-3

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创建知识系统工程学科

王众托

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第12期页码 1-9

摘要：

介绍了如何在钱学森的系统科学与思维科学思想的启发和指引下，创建知识系统工程学科，知识系统工程的任务与内涵，知识系统的组成要素和功能；提出了知识系统的组织、人员、技术、经营和文化的体系结构；分析了知识系统的运作过程；特别对创新过程中知识的集成、转化与新知识的生成提出了一些新的观点。

关键词：知识管理系统工程知识系统工程创新知识集成

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Protecting traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine: concepts and proposals

Changhua Liu, Man Gu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 212-218 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0142-x

摘要： With the development of the knowledge economy, knowledge has become one of the most important resources for social progress and economic development. Some countries have proposed measures for the protection of their own traditional knowledge. Traditional Chinese medicine belongs to the category of intangible cultural heritage because it is an important part of Chinese cultural heritage. Today the value of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine has been widely recognized by the domestic and international public. This paper discusses the definition of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine and its protection, and evaluates research on its classification. We review the present status of the protection of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine and tentatively put forward some possible ideas and methods for the protection of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine. Our goal is to find a way to strengthen the vitality of traditional Chinese medicine and consolidate its foundation. We believe that if we could establish a suitable ( is a Latin term meaning “of its own kind” and is often used in discussions about protecting the rights of indigenous peoples. Here we use it to emphasize the fact that protection of traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine cannot be achieved through existing legal means of protection alone due to its unique characteristics) system for traditional knowledge, a more favorable environment for the preservation and development of traditional Chinese medicine will ultimately be created.

关键词： protection of traditional knowledge traditional Chinese medicine intellectual property sui generis system

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New technology foresight method based on intelligent knowledge management

Lingling ZHANG, Siting HUANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 238-247 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0062-z

摘要： The increasing importance of technology foresight has simultaneously raised the significance of methods that determine crucial areas and technologies. However, qualitative and quantitative methods have shortcomings. The former involve high costs and many limitations, while the latter lack expert experience. Intelligent knowledge management emphasizes human–machine integration, which combines the advantages of expert experience and data mining. Thus, we proposed a new technology foresight method based on intelligent knowledge management. This method constructs a technological online platform to increase the number of participating experts. A secondary mining is performed on the results of patent analysis and bibliometrics. Thus, forward-looking, innovative, and disruptive areas and relevant experts must be discovered through the following comprehensive process: Topic acquisition → topic delivery → topic monitoring → topic guidance → topic reclamation → topic sorting → topic evolution → topic conforming → expert recommendation.

关键词： technology foresight intelligent knowledge management technological online platform

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设计科学中关于知识的研究——经济发展方式转变中要考虑的重要问题

谢友柏

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第4期页码 14-22

摘要：

本文研究了知识在人类设计一切有目的活动中的行为，分析了设计中知识的流动和在竞争中的完整化即进化，论证了创新和设计的关系以及创新和设计的知识本质。提出了设计是以已有知识为基础、设计是以新知识获取为中心、设计知识具有不完整性、竞争性等基本规律和基本特征，认为要依赖创新推动经济增长方式的转变，知识行为研究应该是设计科学的重要命题。

关键词：设计设计科学知识知识获取知识流

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Role of in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: current knowledge and perspectives

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 667-685 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0960-z

摘要： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a common cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a next-generation probiotic that has been reported to improve metabolic disorders. Emerging evidence indicates the therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila for NAFLD, especially in the inflammatory stage, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Here, the current knowledge on the role of A. muciniphila in the progression of NAFLD was summarized. A. muciniphila abundancy is decreased in animals and humans with NAFLD. The recovery of A. muciniphila presented benefits in preventing hepatic fat accumulation and inflammation in NAFLD. The details of how microbes regulate hepatic immunity and lipid accumulation in NAFLD were further discussed. The modulation mechanisms by which A. muciniphila acts to improve hepatic inflammation are mainly attributed to the alleviation of inflammatory cytokines and LPS signals and the downregulation of microbiota-related innate immune cells (such as macrophages). This review provides insights into the roles of A. muciniphila in NAFLD, thereby providing a blueprint to facilitate clinical therapeutic applications.

关键词： Akkermansia muciniphila NAFLD NASH steatosis inflammation

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面向智慧税务的大数据知识工程技术及应用

郑庆华,师斌,董博

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第2期页码 221-231 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.005

摘要：

税收在国家治理中发挥着基础性、支撑性作用，实现智慧税务是政府在数字时代转型的必然要求，因而梳理智慧税务中的关键问题并探讨发展思路兼具理论研究与实践应用价值。本文分析了我国智慧税务领域的发展现状及面临挑战，提出了以“数据知识化、知识体系化、知识可推理”为核心的大数据知识工程解决方案，构建了由知识源层、知识提取层、知识图谱层、知识推理层、应用层组成的“五层”技术架构；结合大数据知识工程在智慧税务领域中的代表性应用案例，如知识驱动的税收优惠计算、可解释的税收风险识别、税收政策智能化决策支持、智慧问税，探讨了所提方案的局限性并论述了进一步的研究方向。从数据、技术、生态三方面出发，形成了规范涉税数据、健全国家数据共享/ 开放/ 保障体系，融合并更新信息学科成果，完善面向智慧税务的大数据知识工程应用系统，推动大数据知识工程技术的标准建设与人才培养等发展建议，以期为基于大数据知识工程的智慧税务高质量发展研究提供参考。

关键词：智慧税务；知识工程；大数据；知识图谱；知识推理

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基于知识库的知识发现（KDK）的结构模型与挖掘算法研究

杨炳儒,申江涛,陈泓婕

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第6期页码 49-54

摘要：

从知识库中发现新知识KDK（knowledge discovery in knowledgebase）是一个新课题，它的成功将直接作用于大型知识库的构建，并将为解决目前机器学习的瓶颈问题&mdash

关键词：基于知识库的知识发现卡尔纳普归纳逻辑科恩归纳逻辑假设评估