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Analysis and stabilization control of a voltage source controlled wind farm under weak grid conditions

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 943-955 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0793-5

摘要： This paper investigates and discusses the interaction stability issues of a wind farm with weak grid connections, where the wind turbines (WTs) are controlled by a new type of converter control strategy referred to as the voltage source (VS) control. The primary intention of the VS control method is to achieve the high-quality inertial response capability of a single WT. However, when it is applied to multiple WTs within a wind farm, its weak-grid performance regarding the stability remains concealed and needs to be clarified. To this end, a frequency domain model of the wind farm under the VS control is first developed. Based on this model and the application of a stability margin quantification index, not only the interactions between the wind farm and the weak grid but also those among WTs will be systematically assessed in this paper. A crucial finding is that the inertial response of VS control has negative impacts on the stability margin of the system, and the dominant instability mode is more related to the interactions among the WTs rather than the typical grid-wind farm interaction. Based on this knowledge, a stabilization control strategy is then proposed, aiming for stability improvements of VS control while fulfilling the demand of inertial responses. Finally, all the results are verified by time-domain simulations in power systems computer aided design/electromagnetic transients including DC(PSCAD/EMTDC).

关键词： weak grids     voltage source (VS) control     wind turbine (WT)     stabilization control     wind farm     inertial response    

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An overview of the reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 531-544 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0167-z

摘要： Power grids deliver energy, and telecommunication networks transmit information. These two facilities are critical to human society. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive overview of the development of reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks. The main purpose of this review is to promote and support the formulation of communication network reliability metrics with reference to the development of power grid reliability. We classify the metrics of power grid into the reliability of power distribution and generation/transmission and the metrics of telecommunication network into connectivity-based, performance-based, and state-based metrics. Then, we exhibit and discuss the difference between the situations of the reliability metrics of the two systems. To conclude this study, we conceive a few topics for future research and development for telecommunication network reliability metrics.

关键词： reliability     metrics     power grids     telecommunication networks    

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Enhancement of sludge gravitational thickening with weak ultrasound

Panyue ZHANG, Tian WAN, Guangming ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 753-760 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0368-5

摘要： Gravitational thickening is the prevailing method to reduce sludge volume but the process is slow and usually requires addition of polyelectrolyte(s). This paper investigated the potential benefits of sonication on enhancing the sludge gravitational thickening with very low energy dose, so called “weak ultrasound”. Results showed that weak sonication significantly changed the sludge settlability and the main mechanism was release of the loosely bounded extracellular polymeric substances. The changes in sludge behaviors by sonication were strongly influenced by power density and sonication duration. Lower sound frequency was slightly better than higher frequency. Weak sonication (<680 kJ·kg DS) improved the sludge gravitational thickening while high ultrasonic energy deteriorated the process. Considering both the sludge thickening efficiency and energy consumption, the optimum conditions were 0.15 W·mL , 7 s, and 25 kHz. Under such conditions, the energy dose was only 155 kJ·kg DS, much lower than literature reports, and the sludge settling time was shortened from 24 h to 12?h. Weak sonication could substitute expensive polyelectrolyte coagulant for sludge thickening. Combination of weak sonication and polyelectrolyte could further reduce the settling time to 6 h. The final water content of the thickened sludge was not changed after sonication or polyelectrolyte addition.

关键词： activated sludge     sonication     settlability     dry weight     extracellular polymeric substances     polyelectrolyte    

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Modeling and analysis of magnetic dipoles in weak magnetic field

WANG Zhaoxia, ZHANG Weimin, LIU Hongguang

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第2期   页码 222-225 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0028-z

摘要： The magnetic leakage field distribution resulting from linear defects of a tube sample in the geomagnetic field is modeled according to the magnetic dipole theory. The formula to compute the normal component of the weak magnetic field is deduced based on the spatial distribution of the magnetic dipole. The shape and characteristics of the zero line (an important criterion for magnetic memory testing) of the normal field is analyzed under different longitudinal magnetizations. Results show that the characteristics of the zero line should be considered when the metal magnetic memory testing method is used to find and locate the defect.

关键词： geomagnetic     theory     important criterion     magnetic leakage     normal component    

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Stability analysis on Tingzikou gravity dam along deep-seated weak planes during earthquake

Weiping HE, Yunlong HE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 69-75 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0146-x

摘要： The stability of a gravity dam against sliding along deep-seated weak planes is a universal and important problem encountered in the construction of dams. There is no recommended method for stability analysis of the dam on deep-seated weak planes under earthquake condition in Chinese design codes. Taking Tingzikou dam as an example, the research in this paper is focused on searching a proper way to evaluate the seismic safety of the dam against sliding along deep-seated weak planes and the probable failure modes of dam on deep-seated weak planes during earthquake. It is concluded that there are two probable failure modes of the dam along the main weak geological planes in the foundation. In the first mode, the concrete tooth under the dam will be cut and then the dam together with part foundation will slide along the muddy layer; in the second mode, the dam together with part foundation will slide along the path consist of the weak rock layer under the tooth and the muddy layer downstream the tooth. While there is no geological structure planes to form the second slip surface, the intersection of the main and the second slip surface is 40 to 80 m downstream from dam toe, and the angle between the second slip surface and the horizontal plane probably be 25 to 45 degrees.

关键词： gravity dam     deep-seated weak planes     stability against sliding     earthquake    

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Experimental study on the progressive failure and its anchoring effect of weak-broken rock vertical slope

Hehua ZHU, Qianwei XU, Wenqi DING, Feng HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 208-224 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0111-0

摘要： To improve the understanding on the failure behavior and its anchoring effect of weak-broken rock slope, the rock of grade IV according to China is taken as reference prototype, and a series of model tests were carried out in laboratory. These tests can be divided into two categories, that is, with bolt reinforcement and without bolt reinforcement. In which, the stability of slope reinforced with different bolt diameter, different anchor length and different space are studied. The test results show that the collapse of slope is the combination of tension failure at the top and the compression-shearing failure at the bottom of the slope, and its failure process presents progressive characteristics. The contributions of bolt reinforcement are mainly reflected by the aspects of shear resistance, crack resistance and anti-extension. The reinforcement of blot not only can improve the vertical bearing capacity before failure, but also can reduce the vertical settlement and allow greater lateral rock wall deformation; what is more, the stress concentration degree in rock mass can be dispersed, which do help to improve the stability of slope rock mass.

关键词： progressive failure     weak-broken rock     slope     model test     bolt    

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Improved resilience measure for component recovery priority in power grids

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 545-556 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0161-5

摘要： Given the complexity of power grids, the failure of any component may cause large-scale economic losses. Consequently, the quick recovery of power grids after disasters has become a new research direction. Considering the severity of power grid disasters, an improved power grid resilience measure and its corresponding importance measures are proposed. The recovery priority of failed components after a disaster is determined according to the influence of the failed components on the power grid resilience. Finally, based on the data from the 2019 Power Yearbook of each city in Shandong Province, China, the power grid resilience after a disaster is analyzed for two situations, namely, partial components failure and failure of all components. Result shows that the recovery priorities of components with different importance measures vary. The resilience evaluations under different repair conditions prove the feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词： resilience measure     power grid     importance measure     component recovery    

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Feedback linearization based control for weak grid connected PV system under normal and abnormal conditions

Rahul SHARMA,Sathans SUHAG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 400-409 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0459-5

摘要： This paper proposes a control strategy for interface of distributed energy sources into the weak grid system with a focus on the energy and ancillary services. A novel controller has been designed and implemented to tackle the challenges of coupling terms in the LCL filter, the transient behavior under sudden changes, and the voltage support under fault condition using the feedback linearization technique. The controller proposed has been implemented on the PV system connected with the weak grid using the LCL filter and the performance of the controller has been verified using Matlab/Simulink through simulation under different conditions. The results of the controller proposed have been compared with the conventional PI dual loop controller. The simulation results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness and simplicity of the controller design strategy.

关键词： PV system     grid interface     feedback linearization     inverter     LCL filter    

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Wavelet design for extracting weak fault feature based on lifting scheme

JIANG Hong-kai, WANG Zhong-sheng, HE Zheng-jia

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年 第1卷 第2期   页码 199-203 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0009-z

摘要： Weak fault features of mechanical signals are usually immersed in noisy signals. A new wavelet method based on lifting scheme to match weak fault characteristics is proposed. In this method, an initial set of finite biorthogonal filters is modified by a lifting and dual lifting procedure alternately, and different lifting operators and dual lifting operators are obtained. The properties of the initial wavelet is improved, and the new wavelet with particular properties is designed. Simulation and engineering results confirm that the proposed method is better than other wavelet methods for extracting weak fault feature. Modulus maxima of the detail signal in every operation cycle are extracted, the position and time that weak signal singularity occurs are clearly found, and slight rub-impact fault caused by axis misalignment and rotor imbalance of a heavy oil catalytic cracking set are desirably extracted. extracted.

关键词： misalignment     imbalance     particular     position     mechanical    

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Extended stochastic resonance (SR) and its applications in weak mechanical signal processing

Niaoqing HU, Min CHEN, Guojun QIN, Lurui XIA, Zhongyin PAN, Zhanhui FENG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 450-461 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0072-3

摘要： To catch symptoms of machine failure as early as possible, one of the most important strategies is to apply more progressive techniques during signal processing. This paper presents a method based on stochastic resonance (SR) to detect weak fault signal. First, a discrete model of a bistable system that can demonstrate SR is researched, and the stability condition for controlling the selection of model parameters of the discrete model and guarantee the solving convergence are established. Then, the frequency range of the weak signals that the SR model can detect is extended through a type of normalized scale transformation. Finally, the method is applied to extract the weak characteristic component from heavy noise to indicate the little crack fault in a bearing outer circle.

关键词： extended stochastic resonance (SR)     stability analysis of SR     scale transform     weak signal detection     incipient fault detection     envelope analysis    

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Weak characteristic information extraction from early fault of wind turbine generator gearbox

Xiaoli XU, Xiuli LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第12卷 第3期   页码 357-366 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0423-4

摘要：

Given the weak early degradation characteristic information during early fault evolution in gearbox of wind turbine generator, traditional singular value decomposition (SVD)-based denoising may result in loss of useful information. A weak characteristic information extraction based on µ-SVD and local mean decomposition (LMD) is developed to address this problem. The basic principle of the method is as follows: Determine the denoising order based on cumulative contribution rate, perform signal reconstruction, extract and subject the noisy part of signal to LMD and µ-SVD denoising, and obtain denoised signal through superposition. Experimental results show that this method can significantly weaken signal noise, effectively extract the weak characteristic information of early fault, and facilitate the early fault warning and dynamic predictive maintenance.

关键词： wind turbine generator gearbox     µ-singular value decomposition     local mean decomposition     weak characteristic information extraction     early fault warning    

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爆破飞石受软弱夹层影响分析及其在复杂环境下的控制

陈斌,和铁柱,赵明生

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第11期   页码 53-57

摘要：

分析了在软弱夹层地质条件下爆破飞石产生的原因及机理，根据软弱夹层产生爆破飞石的特点，区分了在软弱夹层和一般岩体条件下飞石产生的差别。在软弱夹层的地质条件下以及城镇复杂的爆破环境下，给出了合理有效控制爆破飞石的措施。

关键词： 爆破飞石     软弱夹层     冲炮    

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Influence of increasing numbers of RE-inverters on the power quality in the distribution grids: A PQ

Przemyslaw JANIK, Grzegorz KOSOBUDZKI, Harald SCHWARZ

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 155-167 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0469-3

摘要： This paper presents the selected power quality (PQ) indicia of a wind generator and a photovoltaic installation considered to be the representative of medium voltage and low voltage distribution grids. The analysis of measured values suggests that the decrease in PQ is a case of specific combination of distributed generation, grid parameters and load behaviour. Modern generators have a limited impact on PQ. On the other hand, fluctuations in power generation are regarded as an emerging PQ indicator. The growing number of distributed renewable installations causes stochastic, variable, and hardly predictable power flows in the distribution grid. The nature of fluctuations in wind and solar generation is different. In both cases, new indexes for the quantification of fluctuations are needed and are yet not standardised. Proper assessment of these fluctuations enables definition of useful fluctuation limits and rules for optimal storage system integration.

关键词： power quality     harmonics     sags     photovoltaic(PV) system     doubly feed induction generator (DFIG)     inverters    

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A block zero-padding method based on DCFT for L1 parameter estimations in weak signal and high dynamic

Chao WU,Lu-ping XU,Hua ZHANG,Wen-bo ZHAO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第9期   页码 796-804 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500058

摘要： Weak L1 signal acquisition in a high dynamic environment primarily faces a challenge: the integration peak is negatively influenced by the possible bit sign reversal every 20 ms and the frequency error. The block accumulating semi-coherent integration of correlations (BASIC) is a state-of-the-art method, but calculating the inter-block conjugate products restricts BASIC in a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) acquisition. We propose a block zero-padding method based on a discrete chirp-Fourier transform (DCFT) for parameter estimations in weak signal and high dynamic environments. Compared with the conventional receiver architecture that uses closed-loop acquisition and tracking, it is more suitable for open-loop acquisition. The proposed method combines DCFT and block zero-padding. In this way, the post-correlation signal is coherently post-integrated with the bit sequence stripped off, and the high dynamic parameters are precisely estimated using the threshold set based on a false alarm probability. In addition, the detection performance of the proposed method is analyzed. Simulation results show that compared with the BASIC method, the proposed method can precisely detect the high dynamic parameters in lower SNR when the length of the received signal is fixed.

关键词： Threshold detection     Discrete chirp-Fourier transform     Block zero-padding     High dynamic     Weak L1 signal acquisition    

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大断面海底隧道软弱地层施工方法研究

黄明利,路威,徐恒国,谭忠盛

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第7期   页码 35-38

摘要：

我国第一条大断面海底隧道——厦门翔安海底隧道在浅滩及陆地段穿越富水软弱地层，围岩自稳能力差，极易发生涌水突泥，严重威胁施工的安全性。通过对隧道开挖方案的对比分析和根据施工现场监控量测的结果，对隧道穿越富水软弱地层的开挖施工方案、降排水关键技术和超前预加固方案进行了研究，为隧道施工提供技术支持。

关键词： 厦门翔安海底隧道     软弱地层     施工方法    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Analysis and stabilization control of a voltage source controlled wind farm under weak grid conditions

期刊论文

An overview of the reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks

期刊论文

Enhancement of sludge gravitational thickening with weak ultrasound

Panyue ZHANG, Tian WAN, Guangming ZHANG

期刊论文

Modeling and analysis of magnetic dipoles in weak magnetic field

WANG Zhaoxia, ZHANG Weimin, LIU Hongguang

期刊论文

Stability analysis on Tingzikou gravity dam along deep-seated weak planes during earthquake

Weiping HE, Yunlong HE

期刊论文

Experimental study on the progressive failure and its anchoring effect of weak-broken rock vertical slope

Hehua ZHU, Qianwei XU, Wenqi DING, Feng HUANG

期刊论文

Improved resilience measure for component recovery priority in power grids

期刊论文

Feedback linearization based control for weak grid connected PV system under normal and abnormal conditions

Rahul SHARMA,Sathans SUHAG

期刊论文

Wavelet design for extracting weak fault feature based on lifting scheme

JIANG Hong-kai, WANG Zhong-sheng, HE Zheng-jia

期刊论文

Extended stochastic resonance (SR) and its applications in weak mechanical signal processing

Niaoqing HU, Min CHEN, Guojun QIN, Lurui XIA, Zhongyin PAN, Zhanhui FENG,

期刊论文

Weak characteristic information extraction from early fault of wind turbine generator gearbox

Xiaoli XU, Xiuli LIU

期刊论文

爆破飞石受软弱夹层影响分析及其在复杂环境下的控制

陈斌,和铁柱,赵明生

期刊论文

Influence of increasing numbers of RE-inverters on the power quality in the distribution grids: A PQ

Przemyslaw JANIK, Grzegorz KOSOBUDZKI, Harald SCHWARZ

期刊论文

A block zero-padding method based on DCFT for L1 parameter estimations in weak signal and high dynamic

Chao WU,Lu-ping XU,Hua ZHANG,Wen-bo ZHAO

期刊论文

大断面海底隧道软弱地层施工方法研究

黄明利,路威,徐恒国,谭忠盛

期刊论文