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铁路轨道工程长寿命安全保障战略探讨

王平,陈嵘,安博洋

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第6期页码 66-71 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.010

摘要：

我国轨道交通基础建设实现了跨越式发展，但针对轨道工程运营的安全管理与高效维护，仍存在许多复杂的难题亟待解决，突出表现为轨道结构实际服役周期难以达到设计寿命。因此，组织实施铁路轨道工程长寿命安全保障计划尤为迫切。本文首先回顾了我国铁路轨道工程领域取得的成绩，进一步介绍了国外一些发达国家在该领域的发展动态。相比发达国家，目前我国在轨道工程长寿命安全领域的研究还存在比较大的提升空间，具体表现在缺乏顶层设计，研究工作的系统性不足，深度与广度不够。最后就该计划的实施从理论研究、人才培养、智能化信息管理、性能提升与恢复等方面提出了若干建议。

关键词：铁路轨道工程长寿命安全保障 Shift2Rail

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The impact of different voltage application modes on biodegradation of chloramphenicol and shift of microbial

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1576-x

摘要：

● Presented coupled system enhanced biodegradation of antibiotic chloramphenicol.

关键词： Electrical stimulation Biodegradation Microbial community Chloramphenicol

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Coordinated shift control of nonsynchronizer transmission for electric vehicles based on dynamic tooth

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第4期页码 887-900 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0653-3

摘要： Multispeed transmissions can enhance the dynamics and economic performance of electric vehicles (EVs), but the coordinated control of the drive motor and gear shift mechanism during gear shifting is still a difficult challenge because gear shifting may cause discomfort to the occupants. To improve the swiftness of gear shifting, this paper proposes a coordinated shift control method based on the dynamic tooth alignment (DTA) algorithm for nonsynchronizer automated mechanical transmissions (NSAMTs) of EVs. After the speed difference between the sleeve (SL) and target dog gear is reduced to a certain value by speed synchronization, angle synchronization is adopted to synchronize the SL quickly to the target tooth slot’s angular position predicted by the DTA. A two-speed planetary NSAMT is taken as an example to carry out comparative simulations and bench experiments. Results show that gear shifting duration and maximum jerk are reduced under the shift control with the proposed method, which proves the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated shift control method with DTA.

关键词： electric vehicle nonsynchronizer automated mechanical transmission (NSAMT) planetary gear coordinated shift control dynamic tooth alignment

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Enhanced activity of bimetallic Fe-Cu catalysts supported on ceria toward water gas shift reaction: synergistic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第12期页码 1962-1972 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2359-z

摘要： Within the “hydrogen chain”, the high-temperature water gas shift reaction represents a key step to improve the H₂ yield and adjust the H₂/CO_x ratio to fit the constraints of downstream processes. Despite the commercial application of the high-temperature water gas shift, novel catalysts characterized by higher intrinsic activity (especially at low temperatures), good thermal stability, and no chromium content are needed. In this work, we propose bimetallic iron-copper catalysts supported on ceria, characterized by low active phase content (iron oxide + copper oxide < 5 wt %). Fresh and used samples were characterized by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen physisorption, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and temperature programmed reduction in hydrogen to relate physicochemical features and catalytic activity. The sample with iron/copper ≈ 1 and 4 wt % active phase content showed the best catalytic properties in terms of turnover frequency, no methane formation, and stability. Its unique properties were due to both strong iron-copper interaction and strong metal-support interaction, leading to outstanding redox behavior.

关键词： water gas shift iron copper bimetallic catalysts ceria hydrogen

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Modelling of dynamic contact length in rail grinding process

null

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第9卷第3期页码 242-248 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0305-y

摘要：

Rails endure frequent dynamic loads from the passing trains for supporting trains and guiding wheels. The accumulated stress concentrations will cause the plastic deformation of rail towards generating corrugations, contact fatigue cracks and also other defects, resulting in more dangerous status even the derailment risks. So the rail grinding technology has been invented with rotating grinding stones pressed on the rail with defects removal. Such rail grinding works are directed by experiences rather than scientifically guidance, lacking of flexible and scientific operating methods. With grinding control unit holding the grinding stones, the rail grinding process has the characteristics not only the surface grinding but also the running railway vehicles. First of all, it’s important to analyze the contact length between the grinding stone and the rail, because the contact length is a critical parameter to measure the grinding capabilities of stones. Moreover, it’s needed to build up models of railway vehicle unit bonded with the grinding stone to represent the rail grinding car. Therefore the theoretical model for contact length is developed based on the geometrical analysis. And the calculating models are improved considering the grinding car’s dynamic behaviors during the grinding process. Eventually, results are obtained based on the models by taking both the operation parameters and the structure parameters into the calculation, which are suitable for revealing the process of rail grinding by combining the grinding mechanism and the railway vehicle systems.

关键词： rail grinding contact length dynamic model Hamiltonian system grinding stone rail grinding car

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Energy-saving operation approaches for urban rail transit systems

Ziyou GAO, Lixing YANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 139-151 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0030-7

摘要： With the accelerated urbanization in China, passenger demand has dramatically increased in large cities, and traffic congestion has become serious in recent years. Developing public urban rail transit systems is an indispensable approach to overcome these problems. However, the high energy consumption of daily operations is an emerging issue due to increased rail transit networks and passenger demands. Thus, reducing the energy consumption and operational cost by using advanced optimization methodologies is an urgent task for operation managers. This work systematically introduces energy-saving approaches for urban rail transit systems in three aspects, namely, train speed profile optimization, utilization of regenerative energy, and integrated optimization of train timetable and speed profile. Future research directions in this field are also proposed to meet increasing passenger demands and network-based urban rail transit systems.

关键词： urban rail transit energy saving speed profile optimization regenerative energy train timetable

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Study of Sustainable Urban Rail Transit Development Model in China

Wen-wu Yang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 195-201 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014026

摘要： As the grand urbanization rapidly progresses in China, Chinese government launches a magnificent urban rail transit development plan as the key part of the preferential public transportation strategy. It is very necessary to establish a viable public private partnership model for urban rail construction. The philosophy of transit-oriented-development （TOD） is discussed in this study by reviewing Hong Kong Railway+ Property development model which is proved very successful in mass transit rail development in Hong Kong. This paper examines current practice of urban transit as of conventional public transport infrastructure in China and looks into ways of getting over the bureaucratic and technologic hurdles in order to generating synergy value and opportunity of rail oriented urban development. Taking the TOD and public-private-partnership (PPP) study of Shenzhen metro line 6 as an example, the sustainable urban rail development model is introduced and elaborated. It concludes that the sustainable urban rail transit shall be able to energize the great potential of rail and urban development at macro, meso and micro levels, through effective integration of administration and technology resources, and generation of win-win scenarios among government, metro company, people and stakeholders.

关键词： urban rail transit Railway+ Property(R+P) sustainability transit oriented development private public partnership

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Interactive effects of high-speed rail on nodal zones in a city: exploratory study on China

Guo LIU, Kunhui YE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 327-335 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0051-2

摘要： The arrival of the high-speed rail (HSR) era has accelerated the pace of urban development, but its broad socioeconomic impact remains subject to intense debates. This research aims to propose a model for measuring the impact of HSR operation on HSR stations and the surrounding areas, which this research call the HSR-based nodal zone (HNZ). The proposed model is composed of two variables (i.e., transportation situation and vitality) and three subsystems (i.e., economic, societal, and environmental). Data were collected in China through questionnaire survey. Results indicate that the effects of HSR operation on HNZ are multidimensional, transportation vitality has an intermediary role in the effects, and the effects on the physical environment are negative. This study presents an early examination of the impact of HSR operation on the HSR stations and relevant areas and contributes new evidence to academic debates on the contribution of HSR to urban development. Accordingly, urban development policies should be built on the mechanism of HSR in driving the growth of HNZ.

关键词： high-speed rail nodal zone interactive effects sustainable urbanization China

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System and prospects of China’s intercity rail transit technology

Ming GONG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第2期页码 323-328 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0463-4

摘要：

City clusters and metropolitan areas in China are flourishing in the midst of the deepening urbanization in the country, thereby resulting in the emergence of intercity rail transit. Intercity railways connect mainline and urban railways for an integrated regional transportation system that underpins and leads the development of city clusters and metropolitan areas. This study explores the development mode and service characteristics of intercity rail transit, as well as proposes overviews on this system and prospects of its future technology in China.

关键词： intercity rail transit city cluster technical demand technology system

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Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows for a large-scale urban rail transit system

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第2期页码 250-261 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0180-2

摘要： Coupling analysis of passenger and train flows is an important approach in evaluating and optimizing the operation efficiency of large-scale urban rail transit (URT) systems. This study proposes a passenger–train interaction simulation approach to determine the coupling relationship between passenger and train flows. On the bases of time-varying origin–destination demand, train timetable, and network topology, the proposed approach can restore passenger behaviors in URT systems. Upstream priority, queuing process with first-in-first-serve principle, and capacity constraints are considered in the proposed simulation mechanism. This approach can also obtain each passenger’s complete travel chain, which can be used to analyze (including but not limited to) various indicators discussed in this research to effectively support train schedule optimization and capacity evaluation for urban rail managers. Lastly, the proposed model and its potential application are demonstrated via numerical experiments using real-world data from the Beijing URT system (i.e., rail network with the world’s highest passenger ridership).

关键词： urban rail transit coupling analysis passenger–train interaction large-scale simulation

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西部铁路通道建设及政策措施

孙永福

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第6期页码 18-24

摘要：

在分析西部铁路客货运输需求的基础上，提出目前存在的主要问题，强调了建设铁路运输通道的必要性。阐明了西部铁路网发展目标、铁路通道建设原则，以及区域通道、内部通道、国际通道等主要建设项目规划，并提出了加快西部铁路通道建设的若干政策措施。

关键词：西部铁路通道建设运输能力投融资改革铁路运价

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双向协同的去中心化多源域自适应 Research Article

魏义康1,2,韩亚洪1,2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第12期页码 1780-1794 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200284

摘要：去中心化多源域自适应是指在数据去中心化场景下执行无监督多源域自适应。数据去中心化的挑战是源域与目标域在训练中缺乏跨域协同。对于无标签的目标域，目标域模型需要在源域模型的协助下迁移监督知识，而域差距会导致源域模型的适应性能有限。对于有标签的源域，源域模型在数据去中心化场景下倾向于过拟合本地数据，从而导致负迁移问题。对于以上挑战，提出双向协同的去中心化多源域自适应方法，通过其它域模型的协助进行局部源域模型与局部目标域模型的协同训练与聚合。对于目标域，我们在源域模型的协助下蒸馏监督知识，同时完全利用无标签目标域的数据来缓解域偏移问题。对于源域，我们在目标域模型的协助下正则化源域模型来避免负迁移问题。以上过程在去中心化的源域和目标域之间形成一种双向协同，以便在数据去中心化场景下提升域自适应性能。在标准多源域自适应数据集上的实验表明，我们的方法以较大优势优于现有的多源域自适应方法。

关键词：多源域自适应；数据去中心化；域偏移；负迁移

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Energy shift: decline of easy oil and restructuring of geo-politics

Oliver R. INDERWILDI,David A. KING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 260-267 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0416-8

摘要： This paper critically assesses the geopolitical and geo-economic impact of novel fuel resources on both resource exporters and importers. Presently, very strong political and economic forces drive the utilisation of domestic, unconventional oil and gas recovery in the West as these enhance energy security and ease balance of payment issues. The additional capacity generated by this trend has, supported by other effects such as Saudi Arabia’s decision to maintain current production, triggered a significant reduction of oil prices. Consequently, it is now oil exporters that struggle with the balance of payment issues and often these countries base their fiscal budget completely on fossil fuel revenues. In fact, these unconventional resources help turn the tide while oil exporters are now politically significantly weakened due to the increased energy sufficiency of the West. The catch is that the extraction of unconventional types of oil has many environmental implications. So, internalising the environmental externalities have to be considered. This paper, therefore, assesses, next to geopolitics and geo-economics, the environmental implications of this trend.

关键词： energy security climatic change geo-economics geopolitics unconventional resources macroeconomics

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有限域上Galois型非线性移位寄存器的能观性 Research Article

高哲1,冯俊娥1,于永渊1,崔彦君2

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第10期页码 1533-1545 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200228

摘要：

能观性可以确保任何两个不同初始状态都可以由它们的输出序列唯一确定，因此流密码必须避免不可观的非线性反馈移位寄存器，以防止等效密钥的出现。本文讨论了有限域上Galois型非线性反馈移位寄存器的能观性。通过半张量积，Galois型非线性反馈移位寄存器可被视为逻辑网络。本文介绍了状态转移矩阵的向量形式，据此提出一个充分必要条件以及判定一般Galois型非线性反馈移位寄存器能观性的算法。此外，本文定义了一个新的能观性矩阵，通过该矩阵可推导出计算复杂度较低的矩阵方法。此外，研究两种特殊类型的Galois型非线性反馈移位寄存器的能观性：全长Galois型非线性反馈移位寄存器和非奇异Galois型非线性反馈移位寄存器。提出两种方法确定这两种特殊类型的非线性反馈移位寄存器的能观性，并提供一些数值示例支持这些结果。

关键词：能观性；非线性反馈移位寄存器（NFSRs）；Galois型非线性反馈移位寄存器；半张量积；有限域；逻辑网络

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Dynamic analysis of rail transit elevated bridge with ladder track

He XIA, Yushu DENG, Yongwei ZOU, Guido DE ROECK, Geert DEGRANDE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第1期页码 2-8 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0001-x

摘要： In this paper, a dynamic analysis model of an elevated bridge with ladder tracks under moving train load is established. The whole process of a train running through an elevated bridge at different speeds is simulated. The dynamic responses of the elevated bridge with ladder track and the running safety and comfort index of train vehicles are evaluated. Compared with the dynamic responses of an elevated bridge with ordinary non-ballasted slab track, the ladder track’s effect on reducing the vibration of an elevated bridge is analyzed. The analysis results show that the ladder track has good vibration reduction characteristics as compared to ordinary non-ballasted track.

关键词： rail transit elevated bridge ladder track dynamic response