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Economic Growth Model Based on Six Basic Factors of Production—Xu Growth Rate Equation

Shou-bo Xu,Zong-yuan Huang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 160-175 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014024

摘要： This paper proposes an economic growth model based on the Six Basic Factors of Production and Xu Growth Rate Equation for the first time, which fills-in the deficits of the New Classical Economic Growth Model based on the Solow Model. The empirical analysis indicates that over the past three decades, the consumption of six basic factors of production had complicated relations with economic growth. In some years, the consumption rate of the basic factors of production was meager, but the economy witnessed relatively rocketing growth rate; in some years, the factors of production consumption rate was very high, but the economy growth rate slowed down. In general, economy grows at the expenses of huge consumption of four factors. There is an obvious characteristic of huge input and low efficiency. The average contribution rate of technological advance peaks in the middle, while it drops down at two ends. Noticeably, since 2004, the technology contribution rate generally shows a downward trend, reasons of which should be explored systematically in aspects like economic policy and industry structure with a view to boost further transformation of the macro-economy scientific growth model.

关键词： six basic factors of production     economic growth model     Xu Growth Rate Equation    

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Clinical evaluation of recombinant human growth hormone injection in children with growth hormone deficiency

Ling HOU, Xiaoping LUO, Minlian DU, Huamei MA, Chunxiu GONG, Yuchuan LI, Shuixian SHEN, Zhuhui ZHAO, Li LIANG, Guanping DONG, Chaoying YAN, Hongwei DU

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 171-176 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0027-4

摘要： Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) has been widely used in the clinical treatment of growth hormone deficiency. To simplify the injection process and increase drug compliance, application of the GH injection has become a new treatment plan in recent years. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of rhGH injection for the treatment of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children in China. In a nationwide, noncomparative, prospective, randomized, open trial, 31 children with confirmed complete GHD received subcutaneous injection of rhGH at 0.25 mg/kg·wk (0.107 IU/kg·d). The injection was given daily and the total weekly amount was separated into 6-7 injections. The patients were followed up at 3-month intervals and the treatment duration was 12 months. The height (HT), annual growth velocity (GV), mean height standard deviation score (HT SDS), blood serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and bone maturity before and after treatment were compared, and the safety of the treatment was analyzed. The mean HT, GV, and HT SDS were increased from 109.0±14 cm, 2.7±0.9 cm/yr, and -4.62±1.46 at baseline to 121.8±13.4 cm, 12.9±3.3 cm/yr, and -2.47±1.86 after 12 months of treatment, respectively ( <0.001). At the same time, blood IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were increased significantly [41.27±64.43 μg/L 159.21±167.92 μg/L and 1540.00±1325.11 mg/L 3533.93±1413.82 mg/L, respectively ( <0.001)]. The bone age assessments performed 6 and 12 months after the treatment showed that no advanced bone maturation was noted. No serious adverse events occurred during the treatment, and the drug-related adverse events were mainly decreased thyroid function. We conclude that rhGH injection is a safe and effective drug for treatment of growth hormone deficiency in children.

关键词： recombinant human growth hormone     injection     growth hormone deficiency    

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Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1405-7

摘要：

• Copper fractal growth was observed during WPCBs recycling by slurry electrolysis.

关键词： Dendritic copper     Fractal growth     WPCBs     Slurry electrolysis    

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Growth and abscisic acid responses of

Yue LI, Liqiang WAN, Yufei WANG, Xianglin LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第1期   页码 80-86 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017199

摘要： A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with three alfalfa ( ) cultivars, Aohan, Zhongmu No.1 and Sanditi, to examine the morphological and physiological responses of alfalfa to water stress. The response of alfalfa to water stress at different growth stages was generally similar, but varied among cultivars. At the branching, flowering and podding stages, the shoot biomasses of Aohan and Zhongmu No.1 were greatly affected by, and responded quickly to, water stress. The shoot biomass of Sanditi was not affected by mild water stress, but had a slight response to moderate and severe water stress. The root/shoot ratios in Aohan and Zhongmu No.1 were more sensitive to water stress than in Sanditi, with the root/shoot ratio in Aohan increasing most significantly. At flowering, the root/shoot ratio was the highest and the effect of water stress the greatest. The abscisic acid (ABA) concentration in the roots of Aohan and Zhongmu No.1 increased under water stress, while in Sanditi there was only a slight or delayed response of ABA concentration.

关键词： abscisic acid     alfalfa     drought response     growth stage     water deficit    

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Availability growth models and verification of power equipment

Jinyuan SHI, Jiamin XU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 529-538 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0624-0

摘要： The general availability growth models for large scale complicated repairable system such as electric generating units, power station auxiliaries, and transmission and distribution installations are presented. The calculation formulas for the maintenance coefficient, mathematical expressions for general availability growth models, ways for estimating, and fitting on checking the parameters of the model are introduced. Availability growth models for electric generating units, power station auxiliaries, and transmission and distribution installations are given together with verification examples for availability growth models of 320–1000 MW nuclear power units and 1000 MW thermal power units, 200–1000 MW power station auxiliaries, and 220–500 kV transmission and distribution installations. The verification results for operation availability data show that the maintenance coefficients for electric generating units, power station auxiliaries, transmission and distribution installations conform to the power function, and general availability growth models conform to rules of availability growth tendency of power equipment.

关键词： repairable system     power equipment     electric generating unit     power station auxiliary     transmission and distribution installation     reliability     availability     availability growth model    

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implications of planting mode on cadmium uptake and remobilization in rice: Field experiments across growth

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1431-5

摘要：

•Direct seeding (DS) method led to more distributed Cd in aerial parts of rice.

关键词： Cadmium     Genotypes     Growth stages     Micro X-ray fluorescence     Planting mode    

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An investigation on prevalent strategies for XFEM-based numerical modeling of crack growth in porous

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 914-936 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0750-8

摘要： Crack growth modeling has always been one of the major challenges in fracture mechanics. Among all numerical methods, the extended finite element method (XFEM) has recently attracted much attention due to its ability to estimate the discontinuous deformation field. However, XFEM modeling does not directly lead to reliable results, and choosing a strategy of implementation is inevitable, especially in porous media. In this study, two prevalent XFEM strategies are evaluated: a) applying reduced Young’s modulus to pores and b) using different partitions to the model and enriching each part individually. We mention the advantages and limitations of each strategy via both analytical and experimental validations. Finally, the crack growth is modeled in a natural porous media (Fontainebleau sandstone). Our investigations proved that although both strategies can identically predict the stress distribution in the sample, the first strategy simulates only the initial crack propagation, while the second strategy could model multiple cracks growths. Both strategies are reliable and highly accurate in calculating the stress intensity factor, but the second strategy can compute a more reliable reaction force. Experimental tests showed that the second strategy is a more accurate strategy in predicting the preferred crack growth path and determining the maximum strength of the sample.

关键词： numerical modeling     extended finite element method     porous media     crack growth     stress intensity factor    

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Creep-fatigue crack growth behavior in GH4169 superalloy

Dianyin HU, Xiyuan WANG, Jianxing MAO, Rongqiao WANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第14卷 第3期   页码 369-376 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0489-7

摘要： This study aims to examine the crack growth behavior of turbine disc GH4169 superalloy under creep-fatigue loading. Crack growth experiments were performed on compact tension specimens using trapezoidal waveform with dwell time at the maximum load at 650 °C. The crack growth rate of GH4169 superalloy significantly increased with dwell time. The grain boundaries oxidize during the dwell process, thereby inducing an intergranular creep-fatigue fracture mode. In addition, testing data under the same dwell time showed scattering at the crack growth rate. Consequently, a modified model based on the Saxena equation was proposed by introducing a distribution factor for the crack growth rate. Microstructural observation confirmed that the small grain size and high volume fraction of the d phase led to a fast creep-fatigue crack growth rate at 650 °C, thus indicating that two factors, namely, fine grain and presence of the d phase at the grain boundary, increased the amount of weakened interface at high temperature, in which intergranular cracks may form and propagate.

关键词： crack growth rate     creep-fatigue     GH4169 superalloy     CT specimen     dwell time    

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Theoretical insights into influence of additives on sulfamethoxazole crystal growth kinetics and mechanisms

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1503-1515 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2294-4

摘要： In this work, the influence of the initial chemical potential gradient, stirring speed, and polymer type on sulfamethoxazole (SMX) crystal growth kinetics was systematically investigated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations, experimental measurements and the two-step chemical potential gradient model. To investigate the influence of different conditions on the thermodynamic driving force of SMX crystal growth, SMX solubilities in different polymer solutions were studied. Four model polymers effectively improved SMX solubility. It was further found that polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) played a crucial role in inhibiting SMX crystal growth. However, polyethylene glycol (PEG) promoted SMX crystal growth. The effect of the polymer on the crystal growth mechanisms of SMX was further analyzed by the two-step chemical potential gradient model. In the system containing PEG 6000, crystal growth is dominated by the surface reaction. However, in the system containing PEG 20000, crystal growth is dominated by both the surface reaction and diffusion. In addition, DFT calculations results showed that HPMC and PVP could form strong and stable binding energies with SMX, indicating that PVP and HPMC had the potential ability to inhibit SMX crystal growth.

关键词： insoluble drugs     polymer     inhibition crystallization     crystal growth kinetics     DFT calculations    

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Fatigue crack growth behavior of a 170 mm diameter stainless steel straight pipe subjected to combined

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 905-913 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0683-2

摘要： In a nuclear powerplant, the rotary equipment, such as a pump directly fitted with hanger in the piping system, experiences torsional and bending loads. Higher crack growth rate occurs because of this torsional load in addition to the bending load. Hence, it is necessary to study the fatigue behavior of piping components under the influence of combined torsional and bending load. In this study, experimental fatigue life evaluation was conducted on a notched stainless steel SA312 Type 304LN straight pipe having an outer diameter of 170 mm. The experimental crack depth was measured using alternating current potential drop technique. The fatigue life of the stainless steel straight pipe was predicted using experiments, Delale and Erdogan method, and area-averaged root mean square–stress intensity factor approach at the deepest and surface points of the notch. Afterward, the fatigue crack growth and crack pattern were discussed. As a result, fatigue crack growth predicted using analytical methods are in good agreement with experimental results.

关键词： fatigue life     Delale and Erdogan method     RMS–SIF approach     stainless steel     torsion and bending load     fatigue crack growth    

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roughening transition and missing regime transition of melt crystallized polybutene-1 tetragonal phase: growth

Motoi YAMASHITA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 125-134 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0001-3

摘要： The morphology and lateral growth rate of polybutene-1 ( -PB1) have been investigated for crystallization from the melt over a wide range of crystallization temperatures from 50 to 110°C. The morphology of -PB1 crystals is a rounded shape at crystallization temperatures lower than 85°C, while lamellar single crystals possess faceted morphology at higher crystallization temperatures. The kinetic roughening transition occurs around 85°C. The nucleation and growth mechanism for crystallization does not work below 85°C, since the growth face is rough. However, the growth rate shows the supercooling dependence derived from the nucleation and growth mechanism. The nucleation theory seems still to work even for rough surface growth. Possible mechanisms for the crystal growth of this polymer are discussed.

关键词： isotactic polybutene-1     tetragonal phase (form Ⅱ)     melt crystallization     growth rate     kinetic roughening     morphology    

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Nucleation and growth mechanism of cefodizime sodium at different solvent compositions

Xinwei ZHANG, Shudong ZHANG, Xiaodan SUN, Zequn YIN, Quanjie LIU, Xiwen ZHANG, Qiuxiang YIN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 490-495 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1350-5

摘要： The induction time of cefodizime sodium was measured in ethanol-water at different solvent compositions by the laser technology measurement. The results indicate that the solvent composition played an important role in the supersaturation and the nucleation process of cefodizime sodium solution. According to the modified classical nucleation theory, the nucleation and growth mechanism were identified. The correlation results show that heterogeneous nucleation dominated the nucleation process at lower supersaturation, where homogeneous nucleation is the most important mechanism at higher supersaturation. Based on the correlated results, the 2D mediated growth mechanism had the highest correlation coefficients ( ), so this mechanism was selected as the proper growth mechanism for cefodizime sodium.

关键词： cefodizime sodium     induction time     primary nucleation     growth mechanism    

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Expression of PC-cell-derived growth factor in breast cancer

Haiping SONG MD, Lan SHI MD, Chunping LIU MD, Tao HUANG MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 426-430 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0085-7

摘要： This study is mainly aimed at evaluating the expression of PC-cell-derived growth factor (PCDGF) in breast cancer and breast adenofibroma, and to compare with other commonly used clinical pathological indices, then to investigate the diagnostic and targeted therapeutic purpose of PCDGF in breast cancer tissue. In this study, we detected the expression of PCDGF, p53 and CerbB-2 in breast cancer tissue and the expression of PCDGF in breast adenofibroma tissue by immunohistochemical method, and analyzed the relationship between them. We found that PCDGF was expressed in most breast cancer tissue, but was not in breast adenofibroma tissue, and the expression of PCDGF was related with the tumor’s pathological category and the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) and p53, but there was no statistical dependability between PCDGF and cerbB-2. From this study, we predict that PCDGF may serve as a marker in the secondary diagnosis of breast cancer, and may participate in the generation and differentiation of breast cancer cells, and become an effective target of therapy for breast cancer.

关键词： PC-cell-derived growth factor     breast neoplasms     clinical markers    

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Hormesis-like growth and photosynthetic physiology of marine diatom Bohlin exposed to polystyrene microplastics

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 2-2 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1436-0

摘要：

• Polystyrene microplastic caused hormesis-like effects in Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

关键词： Microplastics     Marine microalgae     Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin     Growth     Photosynthetic pigments     Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters    

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Surface modification by ligand growth strategy for dense copper bismuth film as photocathode to enhance

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0893-5

摘要： Hydrogen production from photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting has been regarded as a promising way to utilize renewable and endless solar energy. However, semiconductor film grown on photoelectrode suffers from numerous challenges, leading to the poor PEC performance. Herein, a straightforward sol-gel method with the ligand-induced growth strategy was employed to obtain dense and homogeneous copper bismuthate photocathodes for PEC hydrogen evolution reaction. By various characterizations, it was found that the nucleation and surface growth of CuBi2O4 layer induced by 2-methoxyethanol ligand (2-CuBi2O4) demonstrated a decent crystallinity and coverage, as well as a large grain size and a low oxygen vacancy concentration, leading to the good ability of light absorption and carrier migration. Consequently, under simulated sunlight irradiation (AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm2), the 2-CuBi2O4 photocathode achieved an enhanced photocurrent density of −1.34 mA·cm−2 at 0.4 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode and a promising applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 0.586%. This surface modification by ligand growth strategy will shed light on the future design of advanced photoelectrodes for PEC water splitting.

关键词： copper bismuthate     photocathode     ligand growth strategy     dense film     PEC    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Economic Growth Model Based on Six Basic Factors of Production—Xu Growth Rate Equation

Shou-bo Xu,Zong-yuan Huang

期刊论文

Clinical evaluation of recombinant human growth hormone injection in children with growth hormone deficiency

Ling HOU, Xiaoping LUO, Minlian DU, Huamei MA, Chunxiu GONG, Yuchuan LI, Shuixian SHEN, Zhuhui ZHAO, Li LIANG, Guanping DONG, Chaoying YAN, Hongwei DU

期刊论文

Copper fractal growth during recycling from waste printed circuit boards by slurry electrolysis

期刊论文

Growth and abscisic acid responses of

Yue LI, Liqiang WAN, Yufei WANG, Xianglin LI

期刊论文

Availability growth models and verification of power equipment

Jinyuan SHI, Jiamin XU

期刊论文

implications of planting mode on cadmium uptake and remobilization in rice: Field experiments across growth

期刊论文

An investigation on prevalent strategies for XFEM-based numerical modeling of crack growth in porous

期刊论文

Creep-fatigue crack growth behavior in GH4169 superalloy

Dianyin HU, Xiyuan WANG, Jianxing MAO, Rongqiao WANG

期刊论文

Theoretical insights into influence of additives on sulfamethoxazole crystal growth kinetics and mechanisms

期刊论文

Fatigue crack growth behavior of a 170 mm diameter stainless steel straight pipe subjected to combined

期刊论文

roughening transition and missing regime transition of melt crystallized polybutene-1 tetragonal phase: growth

Motoi YAMASHITA

期刊论文

Nucleation and growth mechanism of cefodizime sodium at different solvent compositions

Xinwei ZHANG, Shudong ZHANG, Xiaodan SUN, Zequn YIN, Quanjie LIU, Xiwen ZHANG, Qiuxiang YIN

期刊论文

Expression of PC-cell-derived growth factor in breast cancer

Haiping SONG MD, Lan SHI MD, Chunping LIU MD, Tao HUANG MD,

期刊论文

Hormesis-like growth and photosynthetic physiology of marine diatom Bohlin exposed to polystyrene microplastics

期刊论文

Surface modification by ligand growth strategy for dense copper bismuth film as photocathode to enhance

期刊论文