^aShanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
^bDepartment of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
^cIntegrated Research on Disaster Risk International Centre of Excellence (IRDR ICoE) on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
^dState Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
^eCenter for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
^fDivision of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91020, USA
^gInstitute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China