Physical artificial intelligence (PAI): the next-generation artificial intelligence

2023, Volume 24, Issue 8

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering >> 2023, Volume 24, Issue 8 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200675

Affiliation(s): School of Computer Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China; less

Received: 2022-12-31 Accepted: 2023-08-29 Available online: 2023-08-29

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Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been a driving force for innovation and social progress in various domains (Pan, 2017). However, most of its industrial applications have focused on the signal processing domain, which relies on data generated and collected by different sensors. Recently, some researchers have suggested combining digital AI (DIAI) and physical AI (PAI), which could lead to a significant advancement in the theoretical foundation of AI. In this paper, we explore the concept of PAI and propose two subdomains: integrated PAI (IPAI) and distributed PAI (DPAI). We also discuss the challenges and opportunities for the sustainable development and governance of PAI. Since PAI requires continuous processing of signals from distributed sources across the edge, fog, and Internet of Things (IoT), it can be seen as an extension of the distributed computing continuum system in the field of AI.

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