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Concentrations of anthropogenic Pt and Pd in urban roadside soils in Xuzhou, China

WANG Xuesong, SUN Cheng

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 475-479 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0071-3

Abstract: The potential accumulation of platinum group elements (PGE) in the environment from automobile catalysts is high in urban areas, with the major sinks being roadside soils. Therefore, this investigation presented the detailed study on characterized concentrations of Pt and Pd and their enrichment ratios in urban roadside soils in Xuzhou, China in March 2003. Data from 21 roadside topsoil samples analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) illustrated that the medians of concentrations of Pt and Pd were 2.9 and 2.8 ng/g, respectively. Hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that Pt and Pd were mainly from traffic emissions. Compared to unpolluted soils, computation of Pt and Pd enrichment ratios suggested that the Xuzhou roadside soils had average enrichment factors of 3.53 for Pt (in range of 1.22–5.73) and of 3.37 for Pd (in range of 1.35–4.46). Lower Pt/Pd ratios (in range of 0.35–2.86) in relation to similar studies in other countries were observed, which might be due to the different Pt/Pd ratios in Chinese automobile catalytic converters. Moreover, fine fraction (<250 ?m) contained higher concentrations of Pt and Pd compared to the coarse fraction (250–500 ?m).

Keywords： platinum     detailed     different     Hierarchical     automobile catalytic    

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A Historical Sedimentary Record of Mercury in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake: Impacts of Human Activities and Article

Hanxiao Zhang, Shouliang Huo, Kevin M. Yeager, Beidou Xi, Jingtian Zhang,Fengchang Wu

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 296-304 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.022

Abstract: sediments can provide important historical information regarding changes in pollution levels and thus trace anthropogenicThe influences of anthropogenic factors and hydrological change are revealed by analyzing correlationsmainly due to hydrological change, rapid regional development and urbanization, and the proliferation of anthropogenic

Keywords： Lake sediment     Mercury     Vertical distribution     Anthropogenic activities    

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Chemical speciation and anthropogenic sources of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during summer

LU Sihua, LIU Ying, SHAO Min, HUANG Shan

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 147-152 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0026-0

Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured at six sites in Beijing in August, 2004. Up to 148 VOC species, including C to C alkanes, C to C alkenes, C to C aromatics, and halogenated hydrocarbons, were quantified. Although the concentrations differed at the sites, the chemical compositions were similar, except for the Tongzhou site where aromatics were significantly high in the air. Based on the source profiles measured from previous studies, the source apportionment of ambient VOCs was preformed by deploying the chemical mass balance (CMB) model. The results show that urban VOCs are predominant from mobile source emissions, which contribute more than 50% of the VOCs (in mass concentrations) to ambient air at most sites. Other important sources are gasoline evaporation, painting, and solvents. The exception is at the Tongzhou site where vehicle exhaust, painting, and solvents have about equal contribution, around 35% of the ambient VOC concentration. As the receptor model is not valid for deriving the sources of reactive species, such as isoprene and 1,3-butadiene, other methodologies need to be further explored.

Keywords： Beijing     exception     gasoline evaporation     August     exhaust    

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Win-Win: Anthropogenic circularity for metal criticality and carbon neutrality

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1623-2

Abstract:

● Anthropogenic circularity science is an emerging interdisciplinary

Keywords： Anthropogenic circularity     Material flow analysis     Criticality     Carbon neutrality     Solid waste     Circular    

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Trends of chemical speciation profiles of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emissions in China

Wei WEI, Shuxiao WANG, Jiming HAO, Shuiyuan CHENG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 1,   Pages 27-41 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0461-4

Abstract: This study estimates the detailed chemical profiles of China’s anthropogenic volatile organic compounds

Keywords： volatile organic compounds (VOCs)     chemical speciation     ozone formation     Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)     China    

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Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1478-3

Abstract:

The Large scale Urban Consumption of energ Y model was updated and coupled with WRF.

Keywords： Anthropogenic heat emissions     LUCY     High-resolution     Meteorological parameters     Air quality    

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Estrogenic activities of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate

JIN Qiumei, LI Yan, SUN Zengrong

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 303-308 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0058-2

Abstract: Estrogenic activities of DEHP were studied by assays of human breast cancer MCF-7 cell proliferation
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Synthesis, insecticidal activities and DFT study of pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives containing the 1,2,4

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 7,   Pages 1090-1100 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2091-5

Abstract: Twenty six novel pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives containing the 1,2,4-oxadiazole motif were synthesized. Their chemical structures were confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrography. The insecticidal activity results indicated that some of them possessed excellent insecticidal activity (100%) against Mythimna separate, especially for compounds 6d, 6f, 6o, 6w, 6y and 6z. These compounds exhibited no activity against the insects Aphis medicagini and Tetranychus cinnabarinus. The structure- insecticidal activity relationships are discussed. Density functional theory analysis can potentially be used to design more active compounds. These results provide useful insecticide design information for further optimization.

Keywords： synthesis     pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives     1     2     4-oxadiazole     insecticidal activity     structure-activity relationship    

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Achievements and development ofChina’s space activities

Wang Liheng

Strategic Study of Chinese Academy of Engineering 2008, Volume 10, Issue 12,   Pages 10-12

Abstract: style="text-align: justify;">This paper describes the current situation of the international space activitiesworld and their characteristics, briefly introduces the brilliant achievements of China's space activities, and gives a full prospect for the future development of China's space activities.

Keywords： China’s space activities     new space programs     achievements of China’s space activities    

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On the New Thought Concerning Water-related Human Activities

Li Peicheng

Strategic Study of Chinese Academy of Engineering 2000, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 5-9

Abstract: experience and looking for the future, the author advances some new thought on water-related human activitiescentury, and cites enormous cases and data to testify them and holds that in the water-related human activitiesin the 21st century, the relationships among human activities, water-body dynamic states, ecologicaland other productive activities upon water-body dynamics as well as the inverse actions.In the future water-related human activities, the human beings should adapt to and take advantage of

Keywords： water-related activities     water-saving     water protection     new thought    

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A comparison of the biological activities of ethyl acetate fractions from the stems and leaves of

Zhaolei WANG, Kai JIANG, Qinchao DING, Shujun LIU, Xiaobing DOU, Bin DING

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 505-512 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019271

Abstract:

Pursh (PCP) is a popular traditional medicinal plant in China, widely used for the treatment of a variety of liver diseases. Although it has been long recognized that the main active elements of PCP are contained in ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), little is known so far in terms of the relative effectiveness of EAF derived from the stems versus leaves of this plant. In the current study, we prepared EAF by reflux extraction and sequential extraction from the stems (SEAF) and leaves (LEAF) of PCP and tested their hepatoprotective efficacies. The extract rates and flavonoid contents of LEAF were higher than those of SEAF. EAFs (>50 μg·mL ) prevented lipid accumulation in cells and protected against lipotoxicity injury when the concentration exceeded 25 μg·mL . More than 95% free radicals released by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were eliminated by 25 μg·mL SEAF and 50 μg·mL LEAF, respectively. Further, EAFs (25 μg·mL ) also showed protective antioxidant effects, with the activity of LEAF being significantly higher than that of SEAF. EAFs (10 mg·mL ) also showed similar unspecific bacteriostatic activity. In comparison with SEAF, LEAF contained more flavonoids and had a higher anti-oxidation capability and for these reasons we suggest it should be better for clinical use.

Keywords： antibacterial     anti-oxidation     lipid accumulation     lipotoxicity     Penthorum chinense Pursh    

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Development Strategy and Key Areas of China5 s Space Activities

Sun Laiyan

Strategic Study of Chinese Academy of Engineering 2006, Volume 8, Issue 10,   Pages 6-12

Abstract: experiences and problems, and, against the backdrop of the developing trend of international space activities

Keywords： China's space activities     development strategy     key areas    

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Antioxidant and antitumor effects and immunomodulatory activities of crude and purified polyphenol extract

Xiaohong Kou,Lihua Han,Xingyuan Li,Zhaohui Xue,Fengjuan Zhou

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 108-119 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1553-7

Abstract: The antioxidant and antitumor effects as well as the immunomodulatory activities of crude and purifiedassays demonstrated that blueberry purified polyphenol extract (BBPP) exhibited higher antioxidant activitiesThese results indicate that BBCP has significant antioxidant and antitumor activities and that it can

Keywords： crude polyphenol extract     purified polyphenol extract     blueberry     antioxidant     antitumor     immunity    

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Soil enzyme activities and their indication for fertility of urban forest soil

SHAN Qihua, YU Yuanchun, ZHANG Jinchi, YU Jian

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 218-223 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0037-5

Abstract: soil enzyme on soil fertility as well as the correlation between physicochemical properties and enzyme activitiesBasic soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities were analyzed in the laboratory.total nitrogen (N) had great effects on hydrogen peroxidase, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activitiesHowever, pH only had great effect on hydrogen peroxidase, dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activitiesThe more soil enzyme activities there were, the higher the fertility of urban forest soil.
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Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Jianping Ye

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 139-145 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0377-z

Abstract:

In obesity, chronic inflammation is believed to induce insulin resistance and impairs adipose tissue function. Although this view is supported by a large body of literature, it has been challenged by growing evidence that pro-inflammatory cytokines may favor insulin sensitivity through induction of energy expenditure. In this review article, interleukin 15 (IL-15) is used as a new example to explain the beneficial effects of the pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-15 is secreted by multiple types of cells including macrophages, neutrophils and skeletal muscle cells. IL-15 expression is induced in immune cells by endotoxin and in muscle cells by physical exercise. Its transcription is induced by transcription factor NF-κB. IL-15 binds to its receptor that contains three different subunits (α, β and γ) to activate JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt, IKK/NF-κB and JNK/AP1 pathways in cells. In the regulation of metabolism, IL-15 reduces weight gain without inhibiting food intake in rodents. IL-15 suppresses lipogenesis, stimulates brown fat function, improves insulin sensitivity through weight loss and energy expenditure. In human, circulating IL-15 is negatively associated with body weight. In the immune system, IL-15 stimulates proliferation and differentiation of T cells, NK cells, monocytes and neutrophils. In the anti-obesity effects of IL-15, T cells and NK cells are not required, but leptin receptor is required. In summary, evidence from human and rodents supports that the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-15 may enhance energy expenditure to protect the body from obesity and type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of IL-15 action remains to be fully uncovered in the regulation of energy expenditure.

Keywords： inflammation     obesity     cytokine     energy expenditure     insulin resistance    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Concentrations of anthropogenic Pt and Pd in urban roadside soils in Xuzhou, China

WANG Xuesong, SUN Cheng

Journal Article

A Historical Sedimentary Record of Mercury in a Shallow Eutrophic Lake: Impacts of Human Activities and

Hanxiao Zhang, Shouliang Huo, Kevin M. Yeager, Beidou Xi, Jingtian Zhang,Fengchang Wu

Journal Article

Chemical speciation and anthropogenic sources of ambient volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during summer

LU Sihua, LIU Ying, SHAO Min, HUANG Shan

Journal Article

Win-Win: Anthropogenic circularity for metal criticality and carbon neutrality

Journal Article

Trends of chemical speciation profiles of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds emissions in China

Wei WEI, Shuxiao WANG, Jiming HAO, Shuiyuan CHENG

Journal Article

Impact of anthropogenic heat emissions on meteorological parameters and air quality in Beijing using

Journal Article

Estrogenic activities of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate

JIN Qiumei, LI Yan, SUN Zengrong

Journal Article

Synthesis, insecticidal activities and DFT study of pyrimidin-4-amine derivatives containing the 1,2,4

Journal Article

Achievements and development ofChina’s space activities

Wang Liheng

Journal Article

On the New Thought Concerning Water-related Human Activities

Li Peicheng

Journal Article

A comparison of the biological activities of ethyl acetate fractions from the stems and leaves of

Zhaolei WANG, Kai JIANG, Qinchao DING, Shujun LIU, Xiaobing DOU, Bin DING

Journal Article

Development Strategy and Key Areas of China5 s Space Activities

Sun Laiyan

Journal Article

Antioxidant and antitumor effects and immunomodulatory activities of crude and purified polyphenol extract

Xiaohong Kou,Lihua Han,Xingyuan Li,Zhaohui Xue,Fengjuan Zhou

Journal Article

Soil enzyme activities and their indication for fertility of urban forest soil

SHAN Qihua, YU Yuanchun, ZHANG Jinchi, YU Jian

Journal Article

Beneficial metabolic activities of inflammatory cytokine interleukin 15 in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Jianping Ye

Journal Article