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paraffin 2

paraffin-base crude 2

chemical additives 1

comb-polymers 1

crystallization 1

drag reduction 1

flow ability 1

heavy crude 1

phase change material 1

pipeline transportation 1

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pour point depression 1

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Experimental study and assessment of thermal energy storage mortar with paraffin/recycled brick powder

Luchen HAO; Jianzhuang XIAO; Wanzhi CAO; Jingting SUN

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 10, Pages 1301-1314 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0883-4

Abstract: Thermal energy storage recycled powder mortar (TESRM) was developed in this study by incorporating paraffin/recycled brick powder (paraffin/BP) composite phase change materials (PCM).Fourier transform infrared and thermogravimetric analysis results showed that paraffin/BP composite PCMParaffin/BP composite PCM with replacement ratio of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight of cement were studiedThe addition of paraffin/BP composite PCM had a positive impact on the mechanical properties of mortar

Keywords： recycled powder mortar recycled brick powder thermal energy storage paraffin phase change material

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Synthesis of poly(maleic acid alkylamide-

Jingjing XU, Jun XU, Jie SUN, Shili XING, Li LI, Xuhong GUO

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 74-78 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0542-5

Abstract: MASCs, the yield stresses of oils were decreased by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude, and the morphology of paraffin

Keywords： comb-polymers styrene paraffin crystallization flow ability

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Transient Heat Transfer Problems for Buried Hot Waxy Crude Pipelines

Cui Xiuguo,Zhang Jinjun

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 7, Pages 77-83

Abstract:

Most crude oils produced in China are waxy crude with poor flowability at ambient temperature. Pipelining waxy crudes by means of heating is a common practice. Some complex transient heat transfer problems are accompanied with hot oil pipelines. The state-of-the-art and recent advances in transient heat transfer research for buried hot waxy crude pipelines are summarized from the two aspects of the internal heat transfer from the oil to the pipe and the external heat transfer from the pipe to the surrounding soil. The factors governing the heat transfer of buried pipelines are discussed, and various methods involved to solve heat transfer through surrounding soil, analytically and numerically, are discussed and compared. The complex heat transfer with phase transformation and moving boundary for shut-down waxy crude pipelines is described and methods to tackle this complex heat transfer problem are introduced. The thermal and hydraulic interaction problem accompanied with transient flow in hot oil pipelines and their solutions are discussed. Problems needed to be further studied in transient heat transfer for buried hot waxy crude pipelines are pointed out.

Keywords： paraffin-base crude pipeline transportation transient heat transfer

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Technologies for Pipelining High-Pour-Point and Viscous Crudes and Their Development

Zhang Jinjun

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 6, Pages 71-76

Abstract:

More than 80% of crude produced in China are those crudes with poor flowability, either waxy crudes with high pour points or viscous heavy crudes. How to transport these crudes safely and with less energy consumption has been a topic for research and development to the petroleum pipeline industry in China, and significant technology development has been made in the past over 40 years, typically the pour-point depressant (PPD) technology for waxy crudes. Flow characteristics of these two kinds of crude and the mechanism for their poor flowability are briefly introduced. The up-to-date research and application of technologies for pour point depression and drag reduction in crude pipelining are summarized, including the PPD technology for waxy crudes, and the dilution pipelining, the oil-in-water emulsion technology and the core annular flow technology for heavy crudes. Development tendency for these technologies is discussed. Suggestions are made to further studies. It is expected that the PPD technology will continue to be a dominant technology for pipelining waxy crudes safely and with less energy-consumption.

Presently in China, studies on the PPD technology should be focused on the highly-waxy Daqing crude oil, which accounts for about one third of total crude oil production in China. For heavy crude oil pipelining, it is believed that the oil-in-water emulsion technology will find more application, and exploitation of offshore heavy crude oil fields in the Bohai Sea of China urgently requires that study on this technology be aimed at pipelines concurrently transporting heavy crude oil and produced water. Further updating of existing technologies and emerging of new technologies call for enhanced basic research, innovative ideas and approaches, and multi-disciplinary studies.

Keywords： pipelining paraffin-base crude heavy crude pour point depression drag reduction chemical additives