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Multi-focus image fusion based on fractional-order derivative and intuitionistic fuzzy sets Research Articles

Xue-feng Zhang, Hui Yan, Hao He,zhangxuefeng@mail.neu.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 6, Pages 809-962 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900737

Abstract: Multi-focus is an increasingly important component in , and it plays a key role in imaging. In this paper, we put forward a novel multi-focus method which employs and . The original image is decomposed into a base layer and a detail layer. Furthermore, a new fractional-order spatial frequency is built to reflect the clarity of the image. The fractional-order spatial frequency is used as a rule for detail layers fusion, and are introduced to fuse base layers. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed fusion method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods for multi-focus .

Keywords：像融合；分数阶导数；直觉模糊集；多聚焦图像

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Subpixel image reconstruction and denoising based on complex wavelet

Zhang Zhi,Wei Zhihui,Xia Deshen

Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 11, Pages 76-81

Abstract:

Composing superresolution of the remote sensing images can remedy the deficiency of the remote sensor. However, precision of the common interpolations are not high. The paper analyzes the subpixel theory of the remote sensing image and interpolates two images offsetting subpixel in order to reconstruct high resolution image. The algorithm of adaptive threshold wavelet denoising based inter-scale is used. Experiment results show this algorithm is better than common methods.

Keywords： subpixel complex wavelet adaptive threshold reconstruction denosing

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Optical Problems in Imaging Optical Engineering

Pan Junhua

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 3, Pages 32-35

Abstract:

In this paper the critical area using imaging optics is discussed, i. e. the ground based astronomical telescopes, observing systems from the space to the Earth and the projecting lithographic systems. According to the trend of technical progress, it is unavoidable to use reflective optical systems, and consequently as-pherical surfaces. For optical system design, the main problem is how to construct an effective reflecting system which may be optimized by the optical CAD. The need of unobscurating entrance pupil leads using off-axis reflecting system and tilted mirror system. The key problem in fabrication is to make high accuracy, large relative aperture, high-order, large asphericity/aspherical slope and section symmetric surfaces. The null method is the principal way for testing aspheric surfaces up to now. The design of compensator for highorder, off-axis aspheric mirrors is worth studying yet.

Keywords： imaging optics aspheric mirror optical design optical fabrication and testing

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The engineering and technology progress of CAR-CA

Zhao Qinping

Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 10, Pages 25-31

Abstract:

It is a new aspect of engineering science that uses augmented reality and collaboration technology to aid the design and maintenance of large equipment. To meet the requirement of the design and manufacture of commercial aircraft in China, CAR-CA(collaborative augmented reality for commercial aircraft design & maintenance) is under development now to aid the cockpit design and training of components disassembly and assembly. This paper introduced the engineering and technology progress of CAR-CA, including the system architecture, system components, technology researches and system application prospect, etc.

Keywords： augmented reality collaboration cockpit design maintenance

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A Method of Information Fusion Based on Rough Sets and Its Applications

Chen Shuangye,Zhang Weijing

Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 12, Pages 75-79

Abstract:

A method of multi-sensor information fusion based on rough sets and fuzzy logic is proposed in this paper. Rough-fuzzy model can be built by obtaining general simplified rules from the large number of data using rough sets theory and methods of computing reduces. The concepts of expansion and perfection to the model are also presented. Finally the simulations and experiments of pulse vacuum disinfection control system are carried out using this method, the research results show the method is effective and feasible.

Keywords： information fusion rough sets fuzzy logic rough-fuzzy model

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Network Centric Warfare Operational Concept and Information Fusion Technology

Zhu Lin,Zhang Xiaonan,Xu Xingjie

Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 3, Pages 69-73

Abstract:

This paper discusses the key content of network centric warfare. It is pointed out that the information fusion technology is one of the biggest challenges, which network centric warfare faces. Also, the main research topics of information fusion technology are discussed. They are the function model, the architecture, information fusion system engineering and arithmetic. The developing actuality of the information fusion technology at home and overseas is concluded. At last, the paper analyzes the developing directions of information fusion technology for the network centric warfare.

Keywords： network centric warfare operational concept information fusion

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Label fusion for segmentation via patch based on local weighted voting Article

Kai ZHU, Gang LIU, Long ZHAO, Wan ZHANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 5, Pages 680-688 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500457

Abstract: Label fusion is a powerful image segmentation strategy that is becoming increasingly popular in medical imaging. However, satisfying the requirements of higher accuracy and less running time is always a great challenge. In this paper we propose a novel patch-based segmentation method combining a local weighted voting strategy with Bayesian inference. Multiple atlases are registered to a target image by an advanced normalization tools (ANTs) algorithm. To obtain a segmentation of the target, labels of the atlas images are propagated to the target image. We first adopt intensity prior and label prior as two key metrics when implementing the local weighted voting scheme, and then compute the two priors at the patch level. Further, we analyze the label fusion procedure concerning the image background and take the image background as an isolated label when estimating the label prior. Finally, by taking the Dice score as a criterion to quantitatively assess the accuracy of segmentations, we compare the results with those of other methods, including joint fusion, majority voting, local weighted voting, majority voting based on patch, and the widely used FreeSurfer whole-brain segmentation tool. It can be clearly seen that the proposed algorithm provides better results than the other methods. During the experiments, we make explorations about the influence of different parameters (including patch size, patch area, and the number of training subjects) on segmentation accuracy.

Keywords： Label fusion Local weighted voting Patch-based Background analysis

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Recent advances in multisensor multitarget tracking using random finite set Review Articles

Kai Da, Tiancheng Li, Yongfeng Zhu, Hongqi Fan, Qiang Fu,dktm131@163.com,t.c.li@nwpu.edu.cn,zoyofo@163.com,fanhongqi@nudt.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 1, Pages 1-140 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000266

Abstract: In this study, we provide an overview of recent advances in multisensor based on the (RFS) approach. The fusion that plays a fundamental role in multisensor filtering is classified into data-level multitarget measurement fusion and estimate-level multitarget density fusion, which share and fuse local measurements and posterior densities between sensors, respectively. Important properties of each fusion rule including the optimality and sub-optimality are presented. In particular, two robust multitarget density-averaging approaches, arithmetic- and geometric-, are addressed in detail for various RFSs. Relevant research topics and remaining challenges are highlighted.

Keywords： Multitarget tracking Multisensor fusion Average fusion Random finite set Optimal fusion

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Convergence of OT and IT for Internet Plus

Hong Xuehai, Cai Di

Strategic Study of CAE 2020, Volume 22, Issue 4, Pages 18-23 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.04.015

Abstract:

The convergence of operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT) has become the key to industrial digital transformation and high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. This study analyzes the demands for the convergence of OT and IT and summarizes the convergence status of the two technologies from the aspects of industrial Internet of Things, cross-platform analysis framework, open platforms, and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system based on cloud deployment. It also proposes the technical paths for OT and IT convergence, including establishing a full set of computing stack, continuously promoting the industrial Internet, and strengthening the security assurance. To promote China’s Internet Plus initiative in industrial manufacturing, the standardization of OT and IT convergence should be strengthened, and a security system should be established by conducting risk assessment of key assets, paying attention to underlying data, developing a detecting system with anti-intrusion functions, detaching the communication function, and promoting the application of artificial intelligence.

Keywords： Internet Plus operational technology information technology technology convergence

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A Grid as Smart as the Internet Article

Yanli Liu, Yixin Yu, Ning Gao, Felix Wu

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 7, Pages 778-788 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.11.015

Abstract:

A new era of electricity is dawning that combines the decarbonization of the grid with the extensive electrification of all sectors of society. A grid as smart as the internet is needed to harness the full potential of renewables, accommodate technology disruptions, embrace the rise of prosumers, and seamlessly integrate nano-, mini-, and micro-grids. The internet is built upon a layered architecture that facilitates technology innovations, and its intelligence is distributed throughout a hierarchy of networks. Herein, we examine fundamental differences between data flows and power flows. The current operating paradigm of the grid is based on the conviction that a centralized grid operator is necessary to maintain instantaneous power balance on the grid. A new distributed paradigm can be realized by distributing this responsibility to sub-grids and requiring each sub-grid to maintain its net power balance. We present a grid as smart as the internet based on this new paradigm, along with a hierarchical network structure and a layered architecture of operating principles.

Keywords： Distributed intelligence Electric grid Internet Renewables

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Smart Port Development Driven by Virtual–Real Integration

Cao Jingjing , Lei Ahui , Liu Qing , Zhang Yu , Wang Lei , Yan Xinping

Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 3, Pages 239-250 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.03.018

Abstract:

The shipping industry, which undertakes over 90% of global trade and transportation, has rich digital scenarios. Empowering the shipping industry through smart port construction and integrating ports with virtual–real integration to form a smart port digital base has become an industry consensus. This study defines the smart ports and the virtual – real integration technology system, and analyzes the demand of port operation for virtual – reality integration technology from five aspects: operation planning, activity implementation, equipment operation and maintenance, safety and emergency response, and energy conservation. It also summarizes maps of six virtual – real integration technologies and their application scenarios in smart ports, the technologies being system simulation, extended reality, information-physical system, digital twin, parallel system, and metaverse. After sorting out the development idea and examining scientific issues, a system framework is proposed for the high-quality development of smart ports driven by virtual–real integration technologies, covering the development positioning of technology systems, key technology development directions, and research directions in key fields. Suggestions for development are proposed from the perspectives of deepening application, policy incentives, technological demonstration, and talent cultivation, thereby providing a reference for the engineering application of the virtual–real integration technology system in smart ports.

Keywords： smart port virtual–real integration cyber-physical systems digital twin metaverse

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Multi-focus image fusion based on fully convolutional networks Research Articles

Rui Guo, Xuan-jing Shen, Xiao-yu Dong, Xiao-li Zhang,zhangxiaoli@jlu.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 7, Pages 963-1118 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900336

Abstract: We propose a method, in which a fully convolutional network for focus detection (FD-FCN) is constructed. To obtain more precise focus detection maps, we propose to add s in the network to make both detailed and abstract visual information available when using FD-FCN to generate maps. A new training dataset for the proposed network is constructed based on dataset CIFAR-10. The image fusion algorithm using FD-FCN contains three steps: focus maps are obtained using FD-FCN, decision map generation occurs by applying a morphological process on the focus maps, and image fusion occurs using a decision map. We carry out several sets of experiments, and both subjective and objective assessments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed fusion method to state-of-the-art algorithms.

Keywords：多焦距图像融合；全卷积网络；跳层；性能评估

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Integrated Development of Rail Transit and Energies in China: Development Paths and Strategies

Jia Limin,Cheng Peng,Zhang Zhe,Ji Li,Xu Chunmei

Strategic Study of CAE 2022, Volume 24, Issue 3, Pages 173-183 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.018

Abstract:

Rail transit features high levels of energy consumption and carbon emission; therefore, transforming its energy structure and developing a novel rail transit energy system with self-consistent energy supply become significant approaches for realizing carbon peak and neutrality in China. In this article, we first review the demand for the integrated development of rail transit and energies, summarize the current status and development trends of the integration, and analyze natural endowments for the integration in terms of solar and wind resources. Subsequently, based on the characteristics of electrified and non-electrified rail transits, critical technology paths are proposed considering the natural endowments of renewable energies. Moreover, based on the assessment of self-consistent supply potentials of new energies, a series of scenarios and methods are introduced. A roadmap and suggestions are proposed for rail-energy integration development, aiming to a self-consistent energy system construct for rail transit. The suggestions include: (1) encouraging technology innovation regarding green and intelligent rail transit to form a technology system for rail-energy integration; (2) implementing major scientific and technological projects to coordinate the industrial layout of new energy and rail transit; and (3) formulating support policies to create a policy guarantee system for green finance.

Keywords： rail transit energization of infrastructure assets natural endowments self-consistent supply integrated development

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Sustainable Development Needs Connected and Integrated Sciences

H.E. Irina Bokova

Engineering 2015, Volume 1, Issue 1, Pages 4-5 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015002

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Current Status and Prospect of the Integration of Railway and New Energy

Hu Tianfei, Liu Jihua,Li Tianfeng,Yue Zurun,Zhang Yimin

Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 2, Pages 122-132 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.02.013

Abstract:

The integration of railway facilities and use of new energies is an important way to achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals. After analyzing the demand for the integrated development of railway and new energies, this study summarizes the natural conditions of various new energy sources along railways, including solar, wind, geothermal, acoustic, braking, and vibrational energies. The current integration forms, technical characteristics, and equipment levels are then reviewed. The specific integration scenarios between the railway service facilities, carriers, infrastructures, and new energy sources are summarized by category, and the developmental scales and problems of major scenarios, such as photovoltaic systems at the top of railway stations, new-energy locomotives, and self-power supply monitoring equipment, are discussed. Based on the classification of potentials to supply new energies for railways, a series of new integration scenarios and methods are introduced considering the new energy systems of different scales (e.g., micro, small- and medium-sized, as well as large and super-large). A new major scenario that integrates electricequipment for railway infrastructure defects control and small- and medium-sized distributed off-grid photovoltaic systems is proposed. Furthermore, the future trends, core technologies, and key developmental directions for the integration of railway and new energies are proposed from the aspects such as energy capture and conversion, load, energy storage, and energy management.

Keywords： railway new energy service facilities carrier infrastructure electrification integration scenarios