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Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China
Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 84-89 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.013
This paper systematically reviews the trends of soil fertility of arable land in China and puts forwards that the soil fertility improvement of arable land in China should realize the strategic change from single application of chemical fertilizer to the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, combine cultivation with preservation to maintain soil fertility, and implement spatial differentiation control. Moreover, this paper summarizes the ways to improve the soil fertility of arable land in China, including increasing the application of organic fertilizer, promoting straw returning to the field, resuming and promoting green manure cultivation, improving the farming conditions, and optimizing the layout of agroforestry networks. At last, this paper proposes policy suggestions of implementing high-standard farmland construction projects, soil improvement and restoration projects, grass-crop rotation projects, straw returning projects, and livestock and poultry manure application projects.
Keywords： 保持土壤肥力，应实行空间差异化管控的战略思路，总结出增施有机肥、推广秸秆还田、恢复推广绿肥种植以及提升农田耕作条件和优化农田林网布局等耕地土壤肥力提升实现途径，提出了国家继续实施高标准农田建设工程、土壤改良修复工程、草田轮作工程、秸秆还田工程和畜禽粪便肥料化利用工程等政策建议。 本文系统梳理了中国耕地土壤肥力变化态势，提出我国耕地土壤肥力提升应实现从单一施用化肥向有机无机肥相结合的战略转变，应
The Development of the Operational System for Meteorological Prediction in China
Yan Hong,Li Zechun,Ma Qingyun,Tian Cuiying
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 11, Pages 88-93
In This article the progress of the operational system for meteorological prediction in China were reviewed. In particular, the major R & D achievements in NWP operational system are summarized. Some key experiences for modernization of meteorological services in China are discussed. Finally, the outlook of future meteorological prediction systems in the 21st century are addressed briefly.
Keywords： meteorological prediction operational system development
Development Strategies for Utilization Models for Returning Livestock and Poultry Manure to the Land
Jia Wei,Zang Jianjun,Zhang Qiang and Li Defa
Strategic Study of CAE 2017, Volume 19, Issue 4, Pages 130-137 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.04.021
This paper summarizes the development of utilization models for the return of livestock and poultry manure to farmland in China. It analyzes the problems affecting the industrial development of the utilization of livestock and poultry manure recycling, and discusses development strategies for the next step in this process. In past years, important progress has been achieved in exploring utilization models for returning livestock and poultry manure to farmland, and in identifying suitable parameters for the farmland carrying capacity of livestock, both at home and abroad. However, problems remain such as unbalanced nutrients after combining planting and livestock systems, large nutrient losses, and a lack of reasonable principles for manure application on farmland. In the next step, studies should be based on the concept of the environmentally friendly return of manure to farmland and should introduce the concept of nutrient management after combining planting and livestock systems. Techniques should be carried out for the collection, storage, and processing of manure; for its return to farmland; for reasonable manure applications; for balancing nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in order to reduce non-point source pollution; and for other aspects. In addition, policies about the efficient recycling of livestock and poultry manure should be promoted.
Keywords： large-scale livestock farm manure wastewater combining planting and livestock systems nutrients
Design and Implementation of Meteorological Observation System Projects
Zheng Guoguang
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 6, Pages 21-26
The current situation of the meteorololgical observation in China and the development tendency of the meteorological observation technology are analyzed. The principal goals of the design and implementation of the meteorological observation system project in China are described. The overall sketch and the main items of the “Meteorological Observation Automation Project (Phase 1)”, which is one of the national key projects to be carried out, are given. This paper is also one of the extending parts for “the Engineerized Implementation of Atmospheric Science”.
Keywords： atmosphere observation observational automation engineering design and implementation
Water Environmental Recovery Policy in China
Zhang Jie,Cong Guangzhi
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 8, Pages 44-49
With the increasing deterioration of water environment, it is very urgent that an efficient method be found to control and rebuild a healthy recycling of water. Based on the relationship between natural and societal recycling of water, this paper highlights that social sustainable development should be harmonized with nature and shows that the recovery and maintenance of water environment should be based on a healthy societal recycling of water. A systematic theory and strategy of water environmental recovery has been put forward for the first time and the authors hold that a new branch-water environment science and technology-should be established in order to provide scientific foundation and professional. It is elemental and essential that all kinds of water-related work should be carried out in terms of water environment.
Keywords： water environmental recovery healthy recycling of water water environment science and technology sustainable usage
A Study on Project of Land-creation by Sand Retaining in Three Gorges Reservoir
Han Qiwei
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 5, Pages 31-34
The resettlement and loss caused by inundation at Kaixian in the area of the Three Gorge Reservoir is tremendous. The proposals of “large protection” and “small protection” schemes for reducing the inundation have been rejected. A scheme of land creation by sand retaining and water sluicing has been proposed by the author. The principle of this proposal is to keep the water of Xiaojiang River to flow out, but retain the sediment at river bed and flood plain. In this case the sediment is taken as a useful resource to heighten the level of land, on which a lower levee will be easily constructed to protect the farmland along the Xiaojiang branch reservoir.The original farmland will turn to be more rich and be preventable from drought and water logging disaster all the year. All together 37.8 thousands mu (2, 495 hect.) farmland will be protected and 11.0 thousands mu (726 hect. ) flood plain will be changed to farmland. This area can compensate nearly the total inundated land of 50.3 thousand mu (3, 320 hect.) at Kaixian. The feasibility study supported by the Ministry of Water Resources is now carried out. This scheme with its low cost and big profit can be applied to the similar project.
Keywords： inundated area protection water discharge and silt deposit land reclamation
Planning and implementation of Engineering Management Informatization
Sun Kai,Liu Renhuai
Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 10, Pages 10-14
Planning implementation procedures of Engineering Management Informatization refer to the organization"s strategic management project management. Information processing capabilities how to fit information processing requirements are the key issues which affects the whole life-cycle of the large projects. This paper analyzes such fit problem of engineering management informatization.
Keywords： Engineering Management Informatization Fit Information Processing Requirement Information Processing Capability
Huang Zhengrong
Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 11, Pages 115-119
Engineering is a construction activity and process to reform the nature under certain restriction (including decision. ,design, construction and evaluation), following necessary procedure, design documents, regulations, rules and standards to integrate basic production elements and resource with specific related engineering science, engineering technology and management principles, its final result is an engineering body with predetermined functions. The essence of engineering is the sum of mass activities to utilize and reform the nature. The basic characters of engineering are integration, mass involved, dynamic and with agreement. The close relationship between engineering and science and technology expresses the incorporation of engineering and science and technology, as well as confluence, unity and interaction of engineering with science and technology.
Keywords： engineering essence of engineering characters of engineering globalization of engineering incorporation of engineering and science and technology
Engineering Construction of Atmospheric Science
Wen Kegang,Li Huang,Li Zechun,Chen Xinqiang
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 5, Pages 72-76
A brief account of the meaning of atmospheric science and its importance to human*s existence and development are given, including taking precautions against natural calamities and reducing natural disasters, development and use of climate resource, protection of ecological environment, sustainable utilization of water resource, etc. Atmospheric science brings benefit to mankind through the development and use of atmospheric information, which is necessary to be engineered inaccordance with the characteristic of information engineering. The basic conditions and effects of main meteorological engineering constructions are briefly reviewed. Basic thinking for the next three decades about atmospheric science engineering construction and some key projects to be constructed and some main measures are initially envisaged .Key projects include automatic atmospheric monitoring system enginnering, short-range climate forecast system engineering, satellite synthetic application system extending engineering, mesoscale (local) numerical weather forecast system engineering, weather modification system engineering and meteorological service system engineering.
Keywords： atmospheric science engineering construction review idea
Development of network schedule standardization system in hydraulic and hydropower engineering
Wang Renchao,Pan Feifei,Li Shiqi,Chen Jianyou
Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 129-136
Network schedule is an important part in construction organization and design in hydraulic and hydropower engineering. As most network schedule software provided limited functionality in schedule generation and analysis， leading to network schedule generation is time-consuming， laborious， inefficient， and low degree of standardization. Based on analysis of connotation of network standardization in hydraulic and hydropower engineering， this paper discussed the basic content of the network schedule standardization， developed the standardization system of network schedule in hydraulic and hydropower engineering， and introduced functions as network schedule aided generation， analysis， evaluation and review， as well as the output of results in detail. The system interface is friendly and intuitive visualization， and provides powerful computing and optimization capabilities， greatly improving the efficiency and quality of the preparation of the network schedule to engineering staffs， and provides a new way and means in quickly generating， analyzing and optimizing the network schedule.
Keywords： hydraulic and hydropower engineering； network schedule； standardization； SHAPS
The Industry of Genetic Engineering
Shi Yuanchun
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 7, Pages 34-38
This article explains that modern biotechnology not only has a powerful spreading, driving force and economic value, but it also reserves a great potential to relax the global pressures from population, food, natural resources and environment. None of ohter technologies have such a power, or can replace biotechnology. The article also discusses the main contents of biotechnology and its new trends of industrialization. The author holds GMO food must be put in order by both science and relevant regulations, after reviewed the background and new trends of present GMO debate. The current debate has focused on the public acceptability, trade benefit and relevant policy on GMO food. GMO food will only be interrupted for the time being, and will have another development tide under the supervision of relevant laws and regulation. Finally, the paper proposes suggestions for the countermeasure and attitude that China should hold during the development and industrialization of modern biotechnology.
Keywords： genetic engineering industry gene modified organisms (GMO) countermeasure
Rolf Zumsteg, Lars Langmaack
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 6, Pages 863-870 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.11.006
The history of the formation of the alpine region is affected by the activities of the glaciers, which have a strong influence on underground works in this area. Mechanized tunneling must adapt to the presence of sound and altered rock, as well as to inhomogeneous soil layers that range from permeable gravel to soft clay sediments along the same tunnel. This article focuses on past experiences with tunnel-boring machines (TBMs) in Switzerland, and specifically on the aspects of soil conditioning during a passage through inhomogeneous soft soils. Most tunnels in the past were drilled using the slurry mode (SM), in which the application of different additives was mainly limited to difficult zones of high permeability and stoppages for tool change and modification. For drillings with the less common earth pressure balanced mode (EPBM), continuous foam conditioning and the additional use of polymer and bentonite have proven to be successful. The use of conditioning additives led to new challenges during separation of the slurries (for SM) and disposal of the excavated soil (for EPBM). If the disposal of chemically treated soft soil material from the earth pressure balanced (EPB) drive in a manner that is compliant with environmental legislation is considered early on in the design and evaluation of the excavation mode, the EPBM can be beneficial for tunnels bored in glacial deposits.
Keywords： Soil conditioning Earth pressure balanced shield Slurry shield Mechanized tunneling
Several viewpoints on the informationalization of engineering management
Zhu Gaofeng
Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 12, Pages 32-35
This paper discusses the informationalization of engineering management (IEM) from two aspects firstly. The IEM is one of the fields of informationalization and is also a kind of tools for engineering management. Then the author makes clear the concept and essential features of IEM. In the last part of the paper, the working process of IEM, features of information system and the developing conditions are put forward.
Keywords： engineering management informationalization informationalization of engineering management (IEM)
Han Guiqing
Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 8, Pages 55-58
Advanced experiences from developed countries were adopted by Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences when seeking for the solutions on expanding production and promoting transformation of agricultural production mode across the province.Methods and means on system engineering were applied by the academy, which played a leading role in implementation of agricultural science and technology innovation projects and technological transformation projects as well as promoting engineering agriculture. Not only was a fundamental change in agricultural development enhanced, but also was a practical and effective way on modern agriculture development revealed. Rate of agricultural scientific and technological achievements was raised from 30 % in 2003 to 70 % in 2010; coverage of improved varieties increased from 90 % to 98 %; agricultural science and technology contribution rate climbed from 48.5 % to 59.5 %; food production increased from 25.1 25 billion kg to 50.13 billion kg, accounting for 1/10 of total grain output and commodity rate accounting for 1/3 of the total amount of food in China, which was a significant contribution in national food security.
Keywords： system engineering agricultural science and technology innovation scientific and technological achievements transformation engineering agriculture
The project management innovation ofChangqing Oilfield and gas field development
Ran Xinquan
Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 12, Pages 58-62
Standardized design, modular construction, digitized management and market-driven operation is a project construction mode taking shape during the development of Sulige gas field, which fits in with the development of low permeability gas field in PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, and promotes large-scale, economic and effective development of Sulige gas field. The new mode has also been applied and popularized in the oilfield development. During the process of "developing large oilfield, constructing large gas field, and building Chinese major energy resources production base" , the extensive application of the mode and innovations of the project construction will accelerate construction speed and promote construction quality to rapidly increase oil and gas production of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company.
Keywords： extra low permeability standardized design modular construction digitized management market-driven management
Title Author Date Type Operation
Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China
Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang
Journal Article
The Development of the Operational System for Meteorological Prediction in China
Yan Hong,Li Zechun,Ma Qingyun,Tian Cuiying
Journal Article
Development Strategies for Utilization Models for Returning Livestock and Poultry Manure to the Land
Jia Wei,Zang Jianjun,Zhang Qiang and Li Defa
Journal Article
Design and Implementation of Meteorological Observation System Projects
Zheng Guoguang
Journal Article
A Study on Project of Land-creation by Sand Retaining in Three Gorges Reservoir
Han Qiwei
Journal Article
Planning and implementation of Engineering Management Informatization
Sun Kai,Liu Renhuai
Journal Article
Explanation of Essence of Engineering———On Relationship between Engineering and Science and Techno logy
Huang Zhengrong
Journal Article
Engineering Construction of Atmospheric Science
Wen Kegang,Li Huang,Li Zechun,Chen Xinqiang
Journal Article
Development of network schedule standardization system in hydraulic and hydropower engineering
Wang Renchao,Pan Feifei,Li Shiqi,Chen Jianyou
Journal Article
Mechanized Tunneling in Soft Soils: Choice of Excavation Mode and Application of Soil-Conditioning Additives in Glacial Deposits
Rolf Zumsteg, Lars Langmaack
Journal Article
Several viewpoints on the informationalization of engineering management
Zhu Gaofeng
Journal Article
Engineering is the only way for Chinese agricultural modernization——experiences and inspiration on development of engineering agriculture in Heilongjiang Province
Han Guiqing
Journal Article
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