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Genetic Evaluation and Breeding Utilization of Rice eui-Germplasm
Yang Rencui
Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 8, Pages 26-30
The eui gene of rice and the diversity of tall recessive germplasm of rice were newly identified. Male sterile lines with elongated uppermost internode, and their corresponding hybrids (-hybrids) possessing eui gene were developed and released. The goals and the target of -hybrid rice research and development are： to cut short dosage of GA3 used in hybrid rice seed production by 50%～90% with increasing seed yield and improving seed quality; to increase hybrid rice yield with decreasing N-fertilizer applied to rice.
The EUI1， EUI2 were isolated, and the diversity showing nucleotide deletion of euil and eui2 were also identified This will provide the materials to enhance the studies on following area： plant growth and development, GA melabolism, growth hormones and heterosis, molecular mechanism of mutation, as well as gene engineering.
Keywords： rice eui e-hybrid rice genetic evaluation breeding
Water Saving Irrigation for Rice and Its Effect on Environment
Mao Zhi
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 7, Pages 8-16
Rice is one of the most important food crops contributing about 40% of the total food grain production in China. Out of about 110 million hectares of area sown food crops, 28% is covered by rice. Since 1980s, the shortage of water resources has become an important problem for agricultural production in rice planing areas and many water saving regimes for rice have been tested, advanced, applied and spread in different regions of China. In this paper, based on the results of experiment and the experience of spread of these new irrigation regimes, the following four main kinds of water saving irrigation regimes in China have been classified viz. (1) combining shallow water depth with “wetting” and “dry” (SWD), (2) alternate wetting and drying (AWD) ,(3) semi-dry cultivation (SDC) and (4) rainwater storage (RS). The standards of field water control and potential of saving water, increasing rice yield and water productivity of these regimes are introduced and explained. The selection and attention points of application for the four regimes are presented and the causes of sustainable saving water and increase in water productivity and the environmental impacts by adopting these regimes are analyzed and discussed.
Keywords： rice water saving irrigation irrigation regime potential of water-saving enviromental impact
Development of Super Hybrid Rice for Food Security in China
Longping Yuan
Engineering 2015, Volume 1, Issue 1, Pages 13-14 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015021
Advances and Prospects of Rice Breeding for Super High Yield
Chen Wenfu,Xu Zhengjin,Zhang Longbu,Zhang Wenzhong,Yang Shouren
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 31-35
After experiencing two major breakthrouths-one, through breeding for dwarfs and the other, through use of hybrid heterosis-rice-yield level has stagnated for a long time. The third breakthrough in yield should come from breeding for super high yield, to be realized by combining the use of an ideal plant type and the use of growth vigor. Research findings have shown that increasing the biological yield is the material basis, whereas optimizing yield components is the precondition for attaining such a goal. The findings have also indicated that the effective way to develop super high-yielding varieties is to create a plant type and harness the mighty vigor through crossing indica with japonica subspecies, or crossing geographically distant varieties. This two advantages are then consolidated through optimizing the combination of desirable traits via multiple crossing or backcrossing. Based on this theory and method, germplasm with new plant type and super high-yielding japonica varieties have been developed. And grain-yield has registered 12〜13 t/hm2. The most distinctive feature of the varieties is their erect heavy panicle and substantial biomass production. Judging from the perspectives of photosynthetic efficiency and biomass production, such an erect panicle type could be another phenomenal change in adjusting the japonica rice plant type to meet the maximum requirement.
Keywords： rice new plant type breeding for super high yield
Fu Qiang
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 6, Pages 44-55
The author applies covertly and macroscopically the SPAC theory model to the water saving system of well irrigation rice in Sanjiang Plain. Several sub-systems have been taken as a whole large system, such as groundwater, machine well, sunning water pool, channel, field, environment and so on. Through applying modern building models and optimization technique, the author analyzes the mechanism and theory of each subsystem, some mathematical models about groundwater, sunning water pool, channel, water production function, water requirement and available rainfall have been built. At last, through designing the typical demonstration area, the author combines several water-saving techniques into a whole system. Thus, the goal of raising water temperature 5～15℃ , saving water 17.1% and increasing yield 700 ～1 000 kg/hm2 canbe reached.
Keywords： building models optimization Sanjiang Plain well irrigation rice system
Effect of Plant Growth Regulator Triacontanol (TA) on the Yield of Rice
Liu Desheng,Lu Xiumin,He Mingzhong,Xiao Huashan,Fan Xiuzhen
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 11, Pages 82-88
Triacontanol (TA) emulsive powder is a kind of widespread plant growth regulator. Since 1997, the work of experiment, demonstration and extension activities on rice in Fujian Province has got progress. The leaves are sprayed with 1 ～2 mg/L TA respectively for one time during the differentiation of juvenile ear and incubation period. The results show that TA can improve the growth of rice, increase the carbon and nitrogen metabolism, raise the effective ear, ear quantity and setting percentage. It also can increase thousand-grain weight and dry weight, and so on. Treating with TA can increase the dry weight of grain 0.964 t/hm2 equally compared with the control. And the rate of increased yield is 15.4% . Besides, it can improve the quality of rice. According to the data of checking seed and measuring yield in several states for many times, it indicates that the effect of increase in yield remains stable. Not only input-output ratio is high, but also it has many advantages, such as non-poisonous, non-pollution, low cost and high-return, and it is easy to be operated.
Keywords： Triacontanol rice plant growth regulator
Qiang He, Huafeng Deng, Pingyong Sun, Wuhan Zhang, Fu Shu, Junjie Xing, Zhirong Peng
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 9, Pages 967-973 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.005
Keywords： EngineeringAchievements
Developing from Mechanized to Smart Agricultural Production in China
Luo Xiwen, Liao Juan, Zang Ying, Ou Yinggang, Wang Pei
Strategic Study of CAE 2022, Volume 24, Issue 1, Pages 46-54 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.005
The mode transformation of agricultural production is a common concern for China and worldwide. Currently, the level of mechanization has been significantly promoted for the agriculture sector in China and smart production becomes an inevitable trend for modern agriculture. Smart agriculture regards data, knowledge, and intelligent equipment as the core elements and integrates modern science and technology with agriculture to realize digital perception, intelligent decision-making, precise operation, and smart management in the entire process of agricultural production, thereby greatly improving labor productivity, resource utilization rate, and land output rate. This article presents the current status of agricultural production in China using rice production as an example, and analyzes the necessity, opportunities, challenges, directions, and route for the intelligent transformation of China’s agriculture. Furthermore, we propose policy suggestions to promote the intelligent development of China’s agricultural production, including (1) strengthening the research and innovation system for agricultural machinery, (2) improving the agricultural machinery promotion system, (3) optimizing the socialized service system for agricultural machinery, and (4) accelerating the construction of smart agriculture demonstration zones.
Keywords： agricultural production rice production agricultural mechanization information technology intelligent agricultural machinery smart agricultural production
Title Author Date Type Operation
Advances and Prospects of Rice Breeding for Super High Yield
Chen Wenfu,Xu Zhengjin,Zhang Longbu,Zhang Wenzhong,Yang Shouren
Journal Article
Study on the Modern Building Models & Optimum Technique——Application of Water Saving System for Well Irrigation Rice in Sanjiang Plain
Fu Qiang
Journal Article
Effect of Plant Growth Regulator Triacontanol (TA) on the Yield of Rice
Liu Desheng,Lu Xiumin,He Mingzhong,Xiao Huashan,Fan Xiuzhen
Journal Article
Hybrid Rice
Qiang He, Huafeng Deng, Pingyong Sun, Wuhan Zhang, Fu Shu, Junjie Xing, Zhirong Peng
Journal Article
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