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Low-k integration: Gas screening for cryogenic etching and plasma damage mitigation

Romain Chanson, Remi Dussart, Thomas Tillocher, P. Lefaucheux, Christian Dussarrat, Jean François de Marneffe

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3,   Pages 511-516 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1820-5

Abstract: The integration of porous organo-silicate low- materials has met a lot of technical challenges.In the present paper, we focus on porous SiOCH low- damage mitigation using cryogenic temperature soThe aim is to protect the porous low- from plasma-induced damage and keep the -value of the materialThe cryogenic temperature is used to condense a gas inside the porous low- material.

Keywords： low-k     nanotechnology     micro-electronics     cryo-etching     plasma processing    

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Promotional effect of ion-exchanged K on the low-temperature hydrothermal stability of Cu/SAPO-34 and

Chen Wang, Jun Wang, Jianqiang Wang, Meiqing Shen

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1322-1

Abstract: Abstract • K+ hinder the structural degradation of Cu/SAPO-34 under humid condition<100°C. • K+ on Cubrings lower acidity and inferior SCR activity at high temperature. • Fe/Beta was used to compensate the lowstability under low-temperature hydrothermal aging.with increasing K loading.low-temperature SCR activity as the fresh catalyst upon aging, an apparent decrease in SCR activity

Keywords： Selective catalytic reduction     Cu/SAPO-34 catalyst     Ion-exchanged K     Low-temperature hydrothermal stability    

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Effect of K and Ca on catalytic activity of Mn-CeO

Boxiong SHEN, Lidan DENG, Jianhong CHEN

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 4,   Pages 512-517 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0519-y

Abstract: Mn-CeO /Ti-pillared clay (PILC) is an attractive catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO at lowtemperature because of its low cost.The poisoning of K and Ca on the catalyst of Mn-CeO /Ti-PILC is an important problem because K and Cawith Ca and K, respectively.reduction (SCR) reaction at low temperature were investigated.

Keywords： Mn-CeOx/Ti-pillared clay (PILC)     low-temperature selective catalytic reduction(SCR)     K and Ca poisoning effect    

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Bioleaching of copper from pre and post thermally activated low grade chalcopyrite contained ball mill

Sandeep PANDA, Nilotpala PRADHAN, Umaballav MOHAPATRA, Sandeep K. PANDA, Swagat S. RATH, Danda S.SUKLA, Barada K. MISHRA

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 281-293 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0484-5

Abstract: Bioleaching of a low grade chalcopyrite (ball mill spillage material) was tested for copper recovery

Keywords： ball mill spillage     thermal activation     bioleaching     copper    

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Update on Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 859-872 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0969-3

Abstract: MRKH syndrome has long-lasting psychological effects on patients, resulting in low esteem, poor coping

Keywords： MRKH (Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser) syndrome     etiology     clinical characteristic     diagnosis     treatment    

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A Smart Pill for Insulin?

Elizabeth K. Wilson

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 4,   Pages 603-604 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.008

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Stochastic analysis of laminated composite plate considering stochastic homogenization problem

SAKATA,K. OKUDA,K. IKEDA

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 141-153 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0286-2

Abstract: This paper discusses a multiscale stochastic analysis of a laminated composite plate consisting of unidirectional fiber reinforced composite laminae. In particular, influence of a microscopic random variation of the elastic properties of component materials on mechanical properties of the laminated plate is investigated. Laminated composites are widely used in civil engineering, and therefore multiscale stochastic analysis of laminated composites should be performed for reliability evaluation of a composite civil structure. This study deals with the stochastic response of a laminated composite plate against the microscopic random variation in addition to a random variation of fiber orientation in each lamina, and stochastic properties of the mechanical responses of the laminated plate is investigated. Halpin-Tsai formula and the homogenization theory-based finite element analysis are employed for estimation of effective elastic properties of lamina, and the classical laminate theory is employed for analysis of a laminated plate. The Monte-Carlo simulation and the first-order second moment method with sensitivity analysis are employed for the stochastic analysis. From the numerical results, importance of the multiscale stochastic analysis for reliability evaluation of a laminated composite structure and applicability of the sensitivity-based approach are discussed.

Keywords： stochastic homogenization     multiscale stochastic analysis     microscopic random variation     laminated composite plate    

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Shape control of multi-cellular inflatable panels

KATAYAMA, K. ISHIMURA, K. MINESUGI, DANIEL J. INMAN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 3,   Pages 276-282 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0267-5

Abstract:

Multi-cellular inflatable structures are ultra-light and robust against membrane damage such as pinholes caused by space debris. Due to their robustness, inflatable structures supported by inner gases can be applied as space structures. In the present study, shape control for a simple multi-cellular inflatable panel was achieved via a novel diaphragm mechanism. When the bending actuator in a center membrane bends, the inner pressures of sub-cells become different, and the diaphragm mechanism bends as a whole. Because a sliding component is not included, this deformable system is a reliable mechanism. In addition, the proposed mechanism has higher rigidity than that of a bending actuator used alone. In the present paper, we investigate the feasibility of a novel diaphragm mechanism and its characteristics using experimental and numerical results.

Keywords： Membrane structures     inflatable structure     shape control     smart structures     structural mechanics     space engineering    

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A multi-attribute decision making approach of mix design based on experimental soil characterization

Amit K. BERA, Tanmoy MUKHOPADHYAY, Ponnada J. MOHAN, Tushar K. DEY

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 361-371 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0425-7

Abstract:

The clay mineral composition is one of the major factors that governs the physical properties of silty sand subgrade. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of mineral composition is essential to predict the optimum engineering properties of the soil, which is generally characterized by different indices like maximum dry density (MDD), California bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and free swelling index (FSI). In this article, a novel multi-attribute decision making (MADM) based approach of mix design has been proposed for silty sand – artificial clay mix to improve the characteristic strength of a soil subgrade. Experimental investigation has been carried out in this study to illustrate the proposed approach of selecting appropriate proportion for the soil mix to optimize all the above mentioned engineering properties simultaneously. The results show that a mix proportion containing approximately 90% silty sand plus 10% bentonite soil is the optimal combination in context to the present study. The proposed methodology for optimal decision making to choose appropriate combination of bentonite and silty sand is general in nature and therefore, it can be extended to other problems of selecting mineral compositions.

Keywords： silty sand     bentonite soil     soil mix design     multi-attribute decision making    

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Experiment study on fatigue property of concrete filled steel pipe K-joints

Zhong Xingu,Yang Sheng,Shi Weihua

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 9,   Pages 97-100

Abstract: the truss arch of Xiangtan 4th Bridge, we made fatigue property test on concrete filled steel pipe K-jointsdifferent specifications, and calculated the amplitude of fatigue load of concrete filled steel pipe K-jointsassess fatigue life of concrete filled steel pipe, and fatigue property of concrete filled steel pipe K-jointswas obviously better than that of steel pipe K-joints.Moreover, the S—N curve of concrete filled steel pipe K-joints proposed by this paper would be

Keywords： concrete filled steel pipe K-joints     fatigue property     S—N curve    

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Evaluation of the k-nearest neighbor method for forecasting the influent characteristics of wastewater

Minsoo KIM,Yejin KIM,Hyosoo KIM,Wenhua PIAO,Changwon KIM

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 299-310 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0825-7

Abstract: The k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) method was evaluated to predict the influent flow rate and four water qualitiesOverall, the k-NN method was verified to be useful for predicting WWTP influent characteristics.

Keywords： influent wastewater     prediction     data-driven model     k-nearest neighbor method (k-NN)    

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What Will 5G Bring?

Erika K. Carlson

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 7,   Pages 725-727 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.012

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Space Tourism Moves Closer to Lift Off

Elizabeth K. Wilson

Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 5,   Pages 819-821 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.08.006

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A Hierarchical-Based Initialization Method for K-Means Algorithm

Tang Jiubin,Lu Jianfeng,Tang Zhenmin, Yang Jingyu

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 11,   Pages 74-79

Abstract:

K-means algorithm is one of common clustering algorithms,  but the In this paper,  a hierarchical-based initialization approach is proposed for K-Means algorithm

Keywords： hierarchical technique     initial cluster centers     weighted data     K-means clustering    

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Hydrotreating of light gas oil using a NiMo catalyst supported on activated carbon produced from fluid petroleum coke

Rambabu,Sandeep Badoga,Kapil K. Soni,A.K. Dalai,J. Adjaye

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 161-170 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1430-1

Abstract: Nitric acid functionalized steam activated carbon (NAFSAC) was prepared from waste fluid petroleum coke (FPC) and used as a support material for the synthesis of a NiMo catalyst (2.5 wt-% Ni and 13 wt-% Mo). The catalyst was then used for the hydrotreatment of light gas oil. The support and catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) gas adsorption method, X-ray diffraction, H -temperature programmed reduction, NH -temperature programmed desorption, CO-chemisorption, mass spetrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Boehm titration, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The SEM results showed that the carbon material retained a needle like structure after functionalization with HNO . The Boehm titration, FTIR, and BET results confirmed that the HNO functionalized material had moderate acidity, surface functional groups, and mesoporosity respectively. The produced NAFSAC had an inert nature, exhibited the sink effect and few metal support interactions, and contained functional groups. All of which make it a suitable support material for the preparation of a NiMo hydrotreating catalyst. Hydrotreating activity studies of the NiMo/NAFSAC catalyst were carried out under industrial operating conditions in a laboratory trickle bed reactor using coker light gas oil as the feedstock. A parallel study was performed on the hydrotreating activity of NiMo/ -Al O as a reference catalyst. The hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation activities of the NiMo/NAFSAC catalyst were 62% and 30%, respectively.

Keywords： activated carbon     fluid petroleum coke     NiMo catalyst     hydrotreating     light gas oil    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Low-k integration: Gas screening for cryogenic etching and plasma damage mitigation

Romain Chanson, Remi Dussart, Thomas Tillocher, P. Lefaucheux, Christian Dussarrat, Jean François de Marneffe

Journal Article

Promotional effect of ion-exchanged K on the low-temperature hydrothermal stability of Cu/SAPO-34 and

Chen Wang, Jun Wang, Jianqiang Wang, Meiqing Shen

Journal Article

Effect of K and Ca on catalytic activity of Mn-CeO

Boxiong SHEN, Lidan DENG, Jianhong CHEN

Journal Article

Bioleaching of copper from pre and post thermally activated low grade chalcopyrite contained ball mill

Sandeep PANDA, Nilotpala PRADHAN, Umaballav MOHAPATRA, Sandeep K. PANDA, Swagat S. RATH, Danda S.SUKLA, Barada K. MISHRA

Journal Article

Update on Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser syndrome

Journal Article

A Smart Pill for Insulin?

Elizabeth K. Wilson

Journal Article

Stochastic analysis of laminated composite plate considering stochastic homogenization problem

SAKATA,K. OKUDA,K. IKEDA

Journal Article

Shape control of multi-cellular inflatable panels

KATAYAMA, K. ISHIMURA, K. MINESUGI, DANIEL J. INMAN

Journal Article

A multi-attribute decision making approach of mix design based on experimental soil characterization

Amit K. BERA, Tanmoy MUKHOPADHYAY, Ponnada J. MOHAN, Tushar K. DEY

Journal Article

Experiment study on fatigue property of concrete filled steel pipe K-joints

Zhong Xingu,Yang Sheng,Shi Weihua

Journal Article

Evaluation of the k-nearest neighbor method for forecasting the influent characteristics of wastewater

Minsoo KIM,Yejin KIM,Hyosoo KIM,Wenhua PIAO,Changwon KIM

Journal Article

What Will 5G Bring?

Erika K. Carlson

Journal Article

Space Tourism Moves Closer to Lift Off

Elizabeth K. Wilson

Journal Article

A Hierarchical-Based Initialization Method for K-Means Algorithm

Tang Jiubin,Lu Jianfeng,Tang Zhenmin, Yang Jingyu

Journal Article

Hydrotreating of light gas oil using a NiMo catalyst supported on activated carbon produced from fluid petroleum coke

Rambabu,Sandeep Badoga,Kapil K. Soni,A.K. Dalai,J. Adjaye

Journal Article