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Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China
Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 84-89 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.013
This paper systematically reviews the trends of soil fertility of arable land in China and puts forwards that the soil fertility improvement of arable land in China should realize the strategic change from single application of chemical fertilizer to the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, combine cultivation with preservation to maintain soil fertility, and implement spatial differentiation control. Moreover, this paper summarizes the ways to improve the soil fertility of arable land in China, including increasing the application of organic fertilizer, promoting straw returning to the field, resuming and promoting green manure cultivation, improving the farming conditions, and optimizing the layout of agroforestry networks. At last, this paper proposes policy suggestions of implementing high-standard farmland construction projects, soil improvement and restoration projects, grass-crop rotation projects, straw returning projects, and livestock and poultry manure application projects.
Keywords： 保持土壤肥力，应实行空间差异化管控的战略思路，总结出增施有机肥、推广秸秆还田、恢复推广绿肥种植以及提升农田耕作条件和优化农田林网布局等耕地土壤肥力提升实现途径，提出了国家继续实施高标准农田建设工程、土壤改良修复工程、草田轮作工程、秸秆还田工程和畜禽粪便肥料化利用工程等政策建议。 本文系统梳理了中国耕地土壤肥力变化态势，提出我国耕地土壤肥力提升应实现从单一施用化肥向有机无机肥相结合的战略转变，应
Suggestions for Management and Control of Antibiotics in Farmland Soil in China
Wang Na, Guo Xinyan, Shan Zhengjun, Cai Daoji
Strategic Study of CAE 2021, Volume 23, Issue 1, Pages 167-173 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.01.023
Antibiotics are important for sustaining the livestock and poultry industry in China; however, duo to the agricultural utilization of livestock and poultry manure, the risk of antibiotic resistance transmission becomes increasingly prominent. Therefore, the risk control of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in the farmland soil becomes urgent in China. In this study, we summarizes the status of antibiotic pollution in the farmland soil in China, sorts out the problems regarding the management and control of emerging antibiotic pollutants in farmland soil, and proposes some measures for risk control of the antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes. This study reveals that the emerging antibiotic pollutants have not been included in soil risk management and more attention should be paid to the pollution risks of the antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes for the farmland soil. To this end, a strict veterinary drug regulatory mechanism should be established to control the risks from the source. Moreover, standards should be established for controlling antibiotic resistance in organic fertilizers, and technical guidelines should be created for regulating the treatment and application of antibiotics-containing manure, thus to reduce the amount of antibiotic resistance genes that enter into the environment. Meanwhile, human health risks caused by the generation and transfer of environmental antibiotic resistance should be assessed and studied and routine monitoring of antibiotic resistance in farmland soil should be conducted, thereby supporting the risk control of such pollutants using risk assessment.
Keywords： antibiotics antibiotic resistance genes farmland soil transmission risk management and control measures
Exploiting Additive Manufacturing Infill in Topology Optimization for Improved Buckling Load Artical
Anders Clausen, Niels Aage, Ole Sigmund
Engineering 2016, Volume 2, Issue 2, Pages 250-257 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.006
Additive manufacturing (AM) permits the fabrication of functionally optimized components with high geometrical complexity. The opportunity of using porous infill as an integrated part of the manufacturing process is an example of a unique AM feature. Automated design methods are still incapable of fully exploiting this design freedom. In this work, we show how the so-called coating approach to topology optimization provides a means for designing infill-based components that possess a strongly improved buckling load and, as a result, improved structural stability. The suggested approach thereby addresses an important inadequacy of the standard minimum compliance topology optimization approach, in which buckling is rarely accounted for; rather, a satisfactory buckling load is usually assured through a post-processing step that may lead to sub-optimal components. The present work compares the standard and coating approaches to topology optimization for the MBB beam benchmark case. The optimized structures are additively manufactured using a filamentary technique. This experimental study validates the numerical model used in the coating approach. Depending on the properties of the infill material, the buckling load may be more than four times higher than that of solid structures optimized under the same conditions.
Keywords： Additive manufacturing Infill Topology optimization Buckling
Wang Conglu,Wu Chao,Duan Yu
Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 7, Pages 180-183
Referring to GB5618 — 1995 about heavy metal pollution,and using statistical analysis SPSS,the major pollutants of mine area farmland heavy metal pollution were identified by variable clustering analysis.Assessment and classification were done to the mine area farmland heavy metal pollution situation by synthetic principal components analysis (PCA) . The study result implied that variable clustering analysis is efficient to identify the principal components of mine area farmland heavy metal pollution.Sort and clustering were done to the synthetic principal components scores of soil sample, which is given by synthetic principal components analysis. In this paper, data structure of soil heavy metal contaminations, relationships and pollution level of different soil samples were discovered. The results of mine area farmland heavy metal pollution quality assessed and classified with synthetic component scores reflect the influence of both the major and compound heavy metal pollutants. Identification and assessment results of mine area farmland heavy metal pollution can provide reference and guide to propose control measures of mine area farmland heavy metal pollution and focus on the key treatment region.
Keywords： synthetic principal components analysis model mine region soils heavy metal pollution assessment
Li Boheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 1-5
There is limited agricultural land but large population in China. Along with the rapid economic development, large area of agricultural land is converted to be nonagricultural use by numerous projects every year. There is obvious conflict between population growth and agricultural land reduction. In order to support sustainable economic development, the Chinese Government has decided to implement the protection system of primary agricultural land. Class 1 and Class 2 of high quality agricultural land is defined based on the detailed rural land survey. These higher quality agricultural lands are listed as primary agricultural land and protected with strict regulations. The primary agricultural land protection system is one of the basic conditions to support sustainable development and prosperity of China.
Keywords： enhance agricultural land protection
A Roadmap for Sustainable Agricultural Soil Remediation Under China’s Carbon Neutrality Vision
Fangbai Li, Liping Fang, Fengchang Wu
Engineering 2023, Volume 25, Issue 6, Pages 28-31 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.010
The Impact of Cropland Spatial Pattern Change on Grain Production in China
Li Yuanyuan, Tan Minghong, Zhang Hongqi
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 90-95 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.014
Cropland is the basis of grain production. In recent decades, the spatial pattern of cropland in China has changed significantly, which has caused some impact on grain production. Based on land cover data of 1990, 2000, and 2010, this study explored changes in the spatial pattern of cropland, and constructed a database with a spatial resolution of 1 km based on county-level agricultural statistics and soil organic matter data, which is the representative of crop productivity. The results show that: during the period from 1990 to 2010, drastic reclamation happened in Northeast and Northwest China while the cropland acreage decreased in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain; the main source of new cropland during the study period was grassland (46.9%), and the lost cropland was mainly converted to forest land (36.6%) in the first ten years and then to construction land (53.0%) in the following ten years; the changes in the spatial pattern of cropland have caused a decrease of 2.0% in the average crop productivity, and during this period, the construction land mostly occupied high-quality cropland, while the newly reclaimed cropland had lower crop productivity.
Keywords： 耕地是粮食生产的基础，近几十年来中国耕地空间格局变化显著，对粮食生产造成一定影响。本研究以1990 年土地覆被数据为基础，探究耕地空间格局变化，并基于县级农业统计数据和土壤有机质数据得到空间分辨率为1 ，在此期间建设用地多占用优质耕地，而新开垦的耕地粮食生产力普遍较低。
Shutian Liu, Quhao Li, Junhuan Liu, Wenjiong Chen, Yongcun Zhang
Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 277-285 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.09.002
Topology optimization is a powerful design approach that is used to determine the optimal topology in order to obtain the desired functional performance. It has been widely used to improve structural performance in engineering fields such as in the aerospace and automobile industries. However, some gaps still exist between topology optimization and engineering application, which significantly hinder the application of topology optimization. One of these gaps is how to interpret topology results, especially those obtained using the density framework, into parametric computer-aided design (CAD) models that are ready for subsequent shape optimization and manufacturing. In this paper, a new method for interpreting topology optimization results into stereolithography (STL) models and parametric CAD models is proposed. First, we extract the skeleton of the topology optimization result in order to ensure shape preservation and use a filtering method to ensure characteristics preservation. After this process, the distribution of the nodes in the boundary of the topology optimization result is denser, which will benefit the subsequent curve fitting. Using the curvature and the derivative of curvature of the uniform B-spline curve, an adaptive B-spline fitting method is proposed in order to obtain a parametric CAD model with the fewest control points meeting the requirement of the fitting error. A case study is presented to provide a detailed description of the proposed method, and two more examples are shown to demonstrate the validity and versatility of the proposed method.
Keywords： Topology optimization Additive manufacturing Characteristics preservation Adaptive fitting Shape optimization
Research on the Strategy for Improving Cultivated Land Quality in China
Hongqi Zhang, Minghong Tan, Xiangbin Kong, Yongmei Xu, Erqi Xu, Erping Shang
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 16-22 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.003
Based on a systematic analysis of changes in quantity and quality of cultivated land in China, this paper put forward an overall strategic thinking of realizing three strategic transformations in the cultivated land management from the aspects of quantity, quality, and ecology of the cultivated land. Five important measures, including enhancing the cultivated land quantity in China, curbing undisciplined growth of construction land, improving the fertility of cultivated soil, preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution of soil, and preventing and controlling agricultural film pollution, were proposed. It was also recommended that four major projects, namely middle- and low-yield farmland reforms, comprehensive improvement of rural land, comprehensive reparation of heavy metal pollution of soil, and soil and water conservation, sand prevention, and saline soil improvement, should be implemented as soon as possible.
Keywords： cultivated land quality temporal and spatial change strategy major projects
Better Battery Management Boosts Electric Vehicle Prospects
Peter Weiss
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 8, Pages 1041-1043 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.06.010
Zoning of Agricultural Resource and Environment in China
Erqi Xu
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 57-62 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.009
Problems in China’s agricultural resources and environment have become increasingly prominent, with distinct resource and environment constraints for regional agricultures. Based on regional differentiation in agricultural resource and environment characteristics, this paper divided the country into 10 first-level zones and 57 second-level zones at the county scale. The first-level zones were divided according to regional differentiation in climate and geotectonic. And the second-level zones differentiate in water resources, land resources, and environmental conditions. It analyzed the agricultural production conditions, types of resources and their different combinations, environmental production conditions, and existing problems in these zones. This study proposed the strategies of “optimizing the spatial layout of eastern, central, and western regions” and “improving Northeast China, regulating North China, and recovering South China”. Twenty-seven second-level zones, undertaking the supply of major agricultural products in China, were identified and labeled as “major agricultural developing regions in China”. The development direction and construction measures of the major agricultural developing regions in China were suggested to maintain and improve the health and sustainability of China’s agricultural production system.
Keywords： 一级区依据气候条件和大地构造的地域分异，二级区根据水资源、土地资源和环境条件问题差异。分析了全国各分区农业生产条件、资源类型及其组合的特点、环境生产条件和存在问题，提出 中国农业资源环境问题日益突出，区域农业资源限制因素和环境制约问题各不相同。依据农业资源环境地域分异，以县域为制图单元，本文将全国划分为10 提高东北，整治华北，恢复南方 战略，并划分了27 个承担主要农产品供给保障功能的 ，指明其建设方向措施，以维护和改善我国农业生产系统的健康和可持续性
Wu Yong,Zhang Guanglie,Zheng Nanning,Zhang Xia
Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 56-62
In this paper, a new adaptive frame rate upconversion algorithm is presented, and its rapid implementation method in hardware is further discussed. With inner parameters and weighted block-matching error, the algorithm implements adaptive motion compensation. Therefore, this algorithm can effectively reduce the noise-interference and the hardware realization complexity. By using a look-up table that corresponds to the adjustable parameter and employing FPGA, the algorithm for scan format conversion is realized. Its application in practical system shows that this algorithm is very efficient.
Keywords： scan format conversion frame rate up-conversion block-matching motion compensation
Review and Development Strategy of Irrigation with Unconventional Water Resources in China
HuYaqi, Wenyong Wu
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 69-76 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.011
With the increasing shortage of water resources, the development and utilization of unconventional water resources have received more and more attention from various countries. Using unconventional water resources to irrigate is one of the important measures to deal with the shortage of water resources. Unconventional water resources mainly include the reclaimed water and brackish water. In China, the agricultural unconventional water resources have relatively high potentials. It has been predicted that the amount of unconventional water available for agriculture will reach 3.438×1010 m3 in 2030 and the irrigation amount of reclaimed water and brackish water will be 1.645×1010 m3 and 2.48×109 m3, respectively. In areas where the fresh water resources are lacking and the unconventional water resources are relatively abundant, especially in the arid area in the north, developing and using unconventional water resources can be regarded as a good solution for the shortage of fresh water. In this paper, based on the situation of China, the irrigation mode of unconventional water resources was summarized. From the aspects of zoning technology, suitable crop classification, pollution identification technology, high-efficient irrigation technique, monitoring and evaluation technology, and integrated application mode, this paper proposes the safe irrigation measures of unconventional water resources in China. Finally, in order to establish a technical system of agricultural unconventional water resources utilization suitable for China, this paper puts forward the development and utilization strategy, which is to further strengthen the technical research and popularization of the agricultural unconventional water resource utilization technology, to improve the recycling standards and regulation system, to bring the unconventional water resources into the planning of water resources development and utilization, and to formulate incentive policies.
A no Tillage Cultivation System with High Yield and Environment-protecting Functions
Chen Guoping
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 87-89
Two environment problems that disturbed China have been the sand-storm climate in the spring of northern China and the soil deposition of Yellow River. The key solution depends on the soil-water protection of Huangtu plateau. The plateau keeps poorly forestry and plants. Its climate gets drier. The traditional cultivation system increases the water evaporation and inhibits the full seedling growth, which results in the low and unstable yield.
The no tillage system and mulches with crop stalks can highly preserve the rainfall in summer and autumn of last year, increasing the seedling growth rate yield (17〜40) % . The surface soil can be protected from wind erosion, while in rainy summer, the soil can greatly absorb water and slow down the land surface streams and prevent the soil from being taken into the river.
The water-soil preservation of Huangtu plateau includes the efforts from various department and provinces. It calls for the chairmanship of the council of the state and different department as well as different provinces to spread the no tillage system and solve the problems encountered.
Keywords： no tillage system sand-storm climate soil deposition increase yield
Exploring Water-and-Land-Adapted Spatial Layout of Crop Planting in North China
Huang Feng,Yang Xiaolin,Fang Yu,Wang Sufen,Kang Shaozhong
Strategic Study of CAE 2022, Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 89-96 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.011
North China has specific regional advantages in the overall economic and social development of China, and water resources are the most prominent factor that affects the sustainable development of this region. This study focuses on the land spatial layout of water-and-land adapted planting in North China. Based on the analysis of agricultural planting structure and water and land resource layout in the current year (2018) of North China, and considering varied population, climate, and socio-economic scenarios and water resource constraints, the study proposes a scheme for optimizing the agricultural planting layout in North China that adapts to local water and land resource conditions. We suggest that the burden on production and supply of commercial grain and other commercial agricultural products in North China should be appropriately reduced. In terms of improving the regional water resource carrying capacity, Hebei Province should alleviate its water shortage through water transfer. Shanxi Province should improve the agricultural water use efficiency through agricultural mechanization and modernization. Shandong Province and Henan Province can moderately fallow the land and improve forest and grass coverage. It is also recommended to optimize the spatial layout of agricultural planting and adjust the planting structure to adapt to water. In shallow groundwater overexploitation areas as well as Tianjin City and the southeast of Hebei Plain where deep groundwater overexploitation is severe, semi-arid land planting systems and structures that adapt to precipitation should be developed, and the specific recuperation period should be determined according to the rate of groundwater recharge.
Keywords： North China water balance land spatial planning water-adapted land use matching of water and land resources water-adapted planting
Title Author Date Type Operation
Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China
Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang
Journal Article
Suggestions for Management and Control of Antibiotics in Farmland Soil in China
Wang Na, Guo Xinyan, Shan Zhengjun, Cai Daoji
Journal Article
Exploiting Additive Manufacturing Infill in Topology Optimization for Improved Buckling Load
Anders Clausen, Niels Aage, Ole Sigmund
Journal Article
Research of mine farmland heavy metal pollution assessment basedon synthetic principal component analysis model
Wang Conglu,Wu Chao,Duan Yu
Journal Article
Enhance the Protection System of Primary Cultivated Land to Promote Sustainable Prosperity of the Chinese Nation
Li Boheng
Journal Article
A Roadmap for Sustainable Agricultural Soil Remediation Under China’s Carbon Neutrality Vision
Fangbai Li, Liping Fang, Fengchang Wu
Journal Article
The Impact of Cropland Spatial Pattern Change on Grain Production in China
Li Yuanyuan, Tan Minghong, Zhang Hongqi
Journal Article
A Realization Method for Transforming a Topology Optimization Design into Additive Manufacturing Structures
Shutian Liu, Quhao Li, Junhuan Liu, Wenjiong Chen, Yongcun Zhang
Journal Article
Research on the Strategy for Improving Cultivated Land Quality in China
Hongqi Zhang, Minghong Tan, Xiangbin Kong, Yongmei Xu, Erqi Xu, Erping Shang
Journal Article
A New Adaptive Frame Rate Upconversion Algorithm for Scan Rate Conversion and Its FPGA Implementation
Wu Yong,Zhang Guanglie,Zheng Nanning,Zhang Xia
Journal Article
Review and Development Strategy of Irrigation with Unconventional Water Resources in China
HuYaqi, Wenyong Wu
Journal Article
A no Tillage Cultivation System with High Yield and Environment-protecting Functions
Chen Guoping
Journal Article
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