[ 1 ] CB Insights. The race for AI: Google, Twitter, Intel, Apple in a rush to grab artificial intelligence startups [Internet]. New York: CB Insights. 2016 Dec 6 [cited 2016 Dec 10]. Available from: https://www.cbinsights.com/blog/top-acquirers-ai-startups-ma-timeline/.

[ 2 ] Ferrucci D, Levas A, Bagchi S, Gondek D, Mueller ET. Watson: beyond jeopardy! Artif Intell 2013;199– 200:93–105 链接1

[ 3 ] Silver D, Huang A, Maddison CJ, Guez A, Sifre L, van den Driessche G, Mastering the game of Go with deep neural networks and tree search. Nature 2016;529(7587):484–9 链接1

[ 4 ] Cellan-Jones R. Stephen Hawking warns artificial intelligence could end mankind [Internet]. London: BBC News. 2014 Dec 2 [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-30290540.

[ 5 ] Gaudin S. Stephen Hawking fears robots could take over in 100 years [Internet]. Massachusetts: IDG Communications, Inc. 2015 May 14 [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from:http://www.computerworld.com/article/2922442/robotics/stephen-hawking-fears-robots-could-take-over-in-100-years.html.

[ 6 ] Bengio Y, Shladover SE, Russell S. The rise of AI. Sci Am 2016;314:44–5 链接1

[ 7 ] Crevier D. AI: the tumultuous history of the search for artificial intelligence.New York: Basic Books, Inc.; 1993.

[ 8 ] Lighthill J. Artificial intelligence: a paper symposium.London: Science Research Council; 1973.

[ 9 ] Poli R, Healy M, Kameas A, editors. Theory and applications of ontology: computer applications.Berlin: Springer; 2010.

[10] Auer S, Bizer C, Kobilarov G, Lehmann J, Cyganiak R, Lves Z. DBpedia: a nucleus for a web of open data. In: Aberer K, Choi KS, Noy N, Allemang D, Lee K, Nixon L, et al., editors The semantic web. Berlin: Springer; 2007. p. 722–35 链接1

[11] Bollacker K, Evans C, Paritosh P, Sturge T, Taylor J. Freebase: a collaboratively created graph database for structuring human knowledge. In: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data; 2008 Jun 9–12; Vancouver, Canada. 2008. p. 1247–50 链接1

[12] The world factbook [Internet]. Washington, DC: Central Intelligence Agency. [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/.

[13] Moor JH, editor. The Turing test: the elusive standard of artificial intelligence. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers; 2003.

[14] Mearian L. Google’s DeepMind A.I. can slash data center power use 40% [Internet]. Massachusetts: IDG Communications, Inc. 2016 Jul 20 [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: http://www.computerworld.com/article/3098325/data-center/googles-deepmind-ai-can-slash-data-center-power-use-40.html.

[15] Michelucci P, Dickinson JL. The power of crowds. Science 2016;351(6268):32–3 链接1

[16] Lee K. Crowd intelligence in EyeWire [Internet]. [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: http://kisuklee.wdfiles.com/local--files/research/crowdintelligence_EyeWire.pdf.

[17] Cook G. Sebastian Seung’s quest to map the human brain. The New York Times [Internet]. 2015 Jan 8 [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/11/magazine/sebastian-seungs-quest-to-map-the-human-brain.html.

[18] Yang Y, Zhuang YT, Wu F, Pan YH. Harmonizing hierarchical manifolds for multimedia document semantics understanding and cross-media retrieval. IEEE Trans Multimed 2008;10(3):437–46 链接1

[19] Norvig P, Relman DA, Goldstein DB, Kammen DM, Weinberger DR, Aiello LC, 2020 visions. Nature 2010;463:26–32 链接1

[20] Lazer D, Kennedy R, King G, Vespignani A. The parable of Google Flu: traps in big data analysis. Science 2014;343(6176):1203–5 链接1

[21] Yao L, Torabi A, Cho K, Ballas N, Pal C, Larochelle H, Describing videos by exploiting temporal structure. In: ICCV 2015: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision; 2015 Dec 7–13; Santiago, Chile. 2015. p. 4507–15 链接1

[22] Yao L, Torabi A, Cho K, Ballas N, Pal C, Larochelle H, Video description generation incorporating spatio-temporal features and a soft-attention mechanism. Eprint Arxiv 2015:arXiv:1502.08029.

[23] McCartney M, Margaret McCartney: game on for Pokémon Go. Brit Med J 2016;354:i4306 链接1

[24] The release of core data for Chinese internet economy in 2014: online advertising [Internet]. Shanghai: iResearch; c2002–16 [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: http://news.iresearch.cn/zt/247057.shtml. Chinese.

[25] China Business Intelligence. Global and China speech recognition industry report, 2015–2020 [Internet]. 2016 Apr [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Report No.: ZLC030. Available from: http://www.researchinchina.com/Htmls/Report/2016/10246.html.

[26] OFweek. The sales of industrial robots in China reached 56,000 in 2014 [Internet]. Shenzhen: OFweek. 2015 Jul 27 [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: http://en.ofweek.com/news/The-sales-of-industrial-robots-in-China-reached-56-000-in-2014-32517.

[27] Enjoy the intelligent cities: urban construction confronts both opportunities and challenges [Internet]. Nanjing: Nanjing Innovative Data Technologies, Inc.; c2013–16 [cited 2016 Nov 20]. Available from: http://www.smartcitychina.cn/MingJiaGuanDian/2014-12/3838.html. Chinese.