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溶液聚合合成橡胶节能技术和节能型橡胶的开发

曹湘洪,张爱民

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第7期页码 59-63

摘要：

总结了燕山石化溶液聚合合成橡胶节能技术和节能型橡胶的开发情况。通过改进催化体系，提高反应速度，提高反应器的生产能力，并在聚合反应器中采用带刮刀的搅拌器，同时改进聚合、凝聚、溶剂回收的部分工艺及设备，燕山石化顺丁橡胶的能耗不断下降，达到世界先进水平。溶液聚合合成橡胶凝聚过程热泵技术的工业化，使生产每吨胶可节约1MPa的低压蒸汽0.72t。橡胶溶液直接脱挥，聚丁二烯橡胶气相聚合工艺技术开发,溶聚丁苯橡胶（SSBR）、中乙烯基聚丁二烯橡胶、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-丁二烯橡胶（SIBR）、苯乙烯-丁二烯热塑性弹性体（SBS）等新型节能型合成橡胶的技术开发也在进行中，其中SSBR、SBS技术已经工业化。

关键词：溶液聚合合成橡胶节能节能型橡胶

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CORRECTION to: Energy-saving operation approaches for urban rail transit systems

Ziyou GAO, Lixing YANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 698-698 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0047-y

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Advancement in materials for energy-saving lighting devices

Tak H. KIM, Wentai WANG, Qin LI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 13-26 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1168-y

摘要： This review provides a comprehensive account of energy efficient lighting devices, their working principles and the advancement of these materials as an underpinning to the development of technology. Particular attention has been given to solid state lighting devices and their applications since they have attracted the most interest and are the most promising. Solid state lighting devices including white light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs (OLEDs), quantum-dot LEDs (QLEDs) and carbon-dot LEDs (CLEDs) are promising energy efficient lighting sources for displays and general lighting. However there is no universal solution that will give better performance and efficiency for all types of applications. LEDs are replacing traditional lamps for both general lighting and display applications, whereas OLEDs are finding their own special applications in various areas. QLEDs and CLEDs have advantages such as high quantum yields, narrow emission spectra, tunable emission spectra and good stability over OLEDs, so applications for these devices are being extended to new types of lighting sources. There is a great deal of research on these materials and their processing technologies and the commercial viability of these technologies appears strong.

关键词： energy-saving lighting devices solid state lighting devices

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Realization of energy-saving glass using photonic crystals

Yen-Hsiang CHEN, Li-Hung LIAO, Yu-Bin CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 178-184 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0523-9

摘要： This work successfully developed an energy-saving glass with wavelength selectivity. The glass is composed of a SiO substrate and two layers of three-dimensional photonic crystals. Each crystal is composed of identical and transparent polystyrene spheres after their self-assembling. The glass then possesses dual photonic band gaps in the near-infrared region to suppress penetration of thermal radiation. Experimental results show that the energy-saving glass decreases temperature increment in a mini-house. Moreover, the temperature after thermal equilibrium is lower than that inside a counterpart using ordinary glass.

关键词： energy-saving glass photonic crystals polystyrene spheres self-assembly

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碳达峰目标下我国节能潜力分析及对策

黄海霞,程帆,苏义脑,姚良忠,胡健祖

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第6期页码 81-91 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.06.009

摘要：

当前，我国是全球主要的能源消费和碳排放国家，推行节能战略将是助力实现碳达峰、碳中和目标的重要手段。本文分析了国内外能源消费的现状和特点，研判了我国能源消费的发展趋势，阐述了节能措施对能源发展路径的关键作用，以此厘清我国的节能潜力；基于投入产出法，建立了包括高耗能工业、交通业、建筑业在内的节能潜力评估模型，估算了现有政策场景、强化节能措施场景下我国总体能源消费量和节能潜力情况。在节能场景下，我国的能源消费总量将有效减少，可助力碳排放提前达峰。推进产业结构调整和产能更新，加快能源结构转型，突破革命性绿色低碳能源技术，推广普及节能技术及工艺，降低高耗能产品需求，倡导绿色低碳理念和节能生活方式，是落实节能增效的关键措施。研究建议，持续推动能源消费强度和总量双控；促进高耗能、低附加值产业的转型升级；加强低碳节能技术宣传，加大技术创新支持力度；健全节能法律法规和标准体系；推动渐进式城市更新与无废化建设；强化节能教育并提升节能意识，充分发挥节能增效对碳减排的关键作用。

关键词：节能增效能源强度节能潜力分析能源结构产业重构

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Systematic screening procedure and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 34-45 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2234-3

摘要： In the traditional extractive distillation process, organic solvents are often used as entrainers. However, environmental influence and high energy-consumption are significant problems in industrial application. In this study, a systematic screening strategy and innovative energy-saving design for ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process was proposed. The innovative energy-saving design focused on the binary minimum azeotrope mixtures isopropanol and water. Miscibility, environmental impact and physical properties (e.g., melting point and viscosity) of 30 ionic liquids were investigated. 1-Ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide were selected as candidate entrainers. Feasibility analysis of these two ionic liquids was further performed via residue curve maps, isovolatility line and temperature profiles. An innovative ionic liquid-based extractive distillation process combining distillation column and stripping column was designed and optimized with the objective function of minimizing the total annualized cost. The results demonstrate that the total annualized cost was reduced by 19.9% with 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide as the entrainer and by 24.3% with 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium dicyanamide, compared with that of dimethyl sulfoxide. The method proposed in this study is conducive to the green and sustainable development of extractive distillation process.

关键词： ionic liquid entrainer screening feasibility analysis extractive distillation

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Quantitative research of incentive effects of heat-metering policy on energy-saving behavior in Tianjin

Jihong LING,Haitao MA,HuiZhu YU,Jincheng XING

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 504-512 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0332-8

摘要： To promote energy efficiency and emission reduction, the Chinese government has invested large amounts of resources in heat-metering reform over the past decade. However, heat-metering, which can reduce energy consumption by 15% at least in developed countries, is still not well known in China. This paper quantitatively analyzed the arousal effect of heat-metering policy on occupancy behavior regarding energy saving utilizing statistics method based on measured data of heating energy consumption of approximately 20000 users from 2008 to 2012 in Tianjin. The statistical data showed significant difference on energy consumption between users based on metering and based on area. The energy-saving rate in the heating season increased significantly from 4.11% in 2008–2009 to 10.27% in 2011–2012 as the implement of the heat-metering policy. The difference in energy-saving according to various outdoor temperatures showed that the energy-saving of occupancy behavior was more significant in a warm season than in a cold season. It also showed that the impact of heat-metering policy would be more pronounced in generally insulated buildings (15.55%) than in better insulated units (6.45%). Besides, this paper proposed some feasible suggestions for the formulation and implementation of heat-metering policy in northern heating areas of China.

关键词： heat-metering occupancy behavior heating energy consumption policy

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Energy-saving operation approaches for urban rail transit systems

Ziyou GAO, Lixing YANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 139-151 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0030-7

摘要： With the accelerated urbanization in China, passenger demand has dramatically increased in large cities, and traffic congestion has become serious in recent years. Developing public urban rail transit systems is an indispensable approach to overcome these problems. However, the high energy consumption of daily operations is an emerging issue due to increased rail transit networks and passenger demands. Thus, reducing the energy consumption and operational cost by using advanced optimization methodologies is an urgent task for operation managers. This work systematically introduces energy-saving approaches for urban rail transit systems in three aspects, namely, train speed profile optimization, utilization of regenerative energy, and integrated optimization of train timetable and speed profile. Future research directions in this field are also proposed to meet increasing passenger demands and network-based urban rail transit systems.

关键词： urban rail transit energy saving speed profile optimization regenerative energy train timetable

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Energy and environment in Chinese rural housing: Current status and future perspective

Xudong YANG, Yi JIANG, Ming YANG, Ming SHAN,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 35-46 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0001-5

摘要： A large scale national survey of energy consumption and indoor environment quality of China’s rural housing was conducted from 2006–2007. The survey covered 15 provinces in northern China and 9 provinces in southern China. The survey data indicate that excessive building energy consumption and poor indoor environment pose significant challenges to the sustainable development of China’s rural housing. Possible causes are analyzed, the current status explained and possible development trends predicted. Strategies for sustainable and environmentally appropriate energy development in rural areas are recommended with an example of the “Zero-Coal, Low Energy Village”.

关键词： rural energy energy-saving sustainability

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A model study on affordable steel residential housing in China

Xin CHENG, Xianzhong ZHAO, Yiyi CHEN, Zhenyu LI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 288-296 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0171-9

摘要： The main research purpose of this paper is to acquire a series of designed concept of “affordable housing” in key geographical areas of East China through the development of innovative, economical, flexible, reproducible and affordable residential houses using intensive steel solutions. Toward this goal, both the residential housing conditions and the development of steel residential building in China are widely investigated. Affordable housing in China is then, based on the investigation, defined as green humanized multi-storey housing comprised of medium-small type dwellings whose construction cost is not much higher than that of traditional reinforced concrete buildings and the maintenance cost is low. Taking this definition as a guiding ideology, detailed architectural and structural design of a steel affordable housing model in terms of a collective housing form with repeatable living units has been carried out. Comparisons of project cost and energy consumption between the designed steel residential housing and the corresponding reinforced concrete building show that the former is not more expensive and consumes less energy than the latter.

关键词： affordable housing energy-saving duplex design pure steel frame economic evaluation

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重点高耗能行业煤利用过程中的节能问题研究

金涌,陈勇,胡山鹰,赵黛青,马晓茜,王辅臣,呼和涛力

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第9期页码 82-90

摘要：

高耗能行业不仅能耗高也是能源密集型产业，并且煤和电占据行业能源消费结构中的主导地位。高耗能行业面对能源资源供应紧张、降低能耗以及低碳可持续发展的迫切需要，必须优先节能，并要重视和发展煤炭利用过程中的节能战略。本文围绕我国石化、钢铁、建材、化工、有色金属、造纸、纺织七个高耗能行业煤炭利用过程中的节能问题开展研究，突出发展要以节能为本的重要理念，在系统掌握当前我国高耗能行业煤炭利用情况的基础上，比较分析国内外技术水平的差距；通过运用态势（SWOT）分析法及产业技术路线图研究，总结各行业在节能方面面临的挑战和机遇；凝练了高耗能行业煤炭利用过程的节能途径及重点节能技术方向；最后强调了煤炭利用过程中节能对高耗能行业可持续发展的重要作用。

关键词：煤炭；高耗能行业；态势分析；技术路线图；节能技术

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上海港岸基船用供电系统研究与实践

包起帆

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第9期页码 63-68

摘要：

描述的一种移动式岸基船用变频变压供电系统利用集装箱码头前沿为桥吊运行配备10 kV/50 Hz/2 000 kV ·A的高压电源，经过变压和变频为靠港船舶提供450 V/60 Hz电源。该方案灵活性强，节能减排效果明显，且无需对码头进行土木改造，为我国作业繁忙的集装箱码头实现岸基供电提供新方案。

关键词：岸基供电节能减排

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钢铁企业实现可持续发展的途径

谢企华

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第5期页码 9-15

摘要：

可持续发展战略是中国钢铁企业的必然选择。实施这一战略可以从环保、节能、资源的综合利用起步，以技术进步、环保投资为支撑，推进循环经济，从而为实现企业与社会长期和谐、协调一致的发展承担起应有的责任。

关键词：宝钢可持续发展环境友好节能降耗资源的有效利用绿色制造

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自动售货机研究现状及展望

余世明,晁岳磊,缪仁将

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第7期页码 51-56

摘要：

概括介绍了自动售货机的市场发展现状，详细介绍了国内外自动售货机的技术研究现状，并简述了自动售货机在其他相关领域的应用。从整个社会的角度，论述了自动售货机对生活、环境的影响。得出自动售货机的未来发展趋势是将其纳入到一个更广阔、更便利的移动商务网平台中，同时能合理利用能源，并带来较少的负面社会影响。

关键词：自动售货机移动商务节能社会影响

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Analysis of energy saving optimization of campus buildings based on energy simulation

Dingding TONG, Jing ZHAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 388-398 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0273-7

摘要： The energy consumption of campus buildings has specific characteristics, because of the concentrated distribution of people’s working time and locations that change in line with distinct seasonal features. The traditional energy system design and operation for campus buildings is only based on the constant room temperature, such as 25°C in summer and 18°C in winter in China, not taking into consideration the real heating or cooling load characteristics of campus buildings with different functions during the whole day and whole year, which usually results in a lot of energy waste. This paper proposes to set different set-point temperatures in different operation stages of public and residential campus buildings to reduce the heating and cooling design load for energy station and total campus energy consumption for annual operation. Taking a campus under construction in Tianjin, China as an example, two kinds of single building models were established as the typical public building and residential building models on the campus. Besides, the models were simulated at both set-point room temperature and constant room temperature respectively. The comparison of the simulation results showed that the single building energy saving method of the peak load clipping could be used for further analysis of the annual energy consumption of campus building groups. The results proved that the strategy of set-point temperature optimization could efficiently reduce the design load and energy consumption of campus building groups.

关键词： campus buildings set-point temperature energy simulation energy saving optimization