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Microcystin-LR biodegradation by

Chengbin XIAO, Hai YAN, Junfeng WANG, Wei WEI, Jun NING, Gang PAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 526-532 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0261-7

摘要： A promising bacterial strain for biodegrading microcystin-LR (MC-LR) as the sole carbon and nitrogen source was successfully isolated from Lake Dianchi, China. The strain was identified as sp. USTB-05, which was the first isolated MCs-biodegrading sp. in China. The average biodegradation rate of MC-LR by sp. USTB-05 was 28.8 mg·L per day, which was apparently higher than those of other bacteria reported so far. The optimal temperature and pH for both strain USTB-05 growth and MC-LR biodegradation were 30°C and 7.0, respectively. The release of MC-LR from the cyanobacterial cells collected from Lake Guishui and the biodegradation of MC-LR by both strain and cell-free extract (CE) were investigated. The results indicated that MC-LR with the initial concentration of 4.0 mg·L in water was biodegraded by sp. USTB-05 within 4 d, while MC-LR with the initial concentration of 28.8 mg·L could be completely removed in 3 h by CE of sp. USTB-05 containing 350 mg·L protein. During enzymatic biodegradation of MC-LR, two intermediate metabolites and a dead-end product were observed on an HPLC chromatogram. Moreover, the similar scanning profiles of MC-LR and its metabolic products indicate that the Adda side-chain of MC-LR was kept intact in all products.

关键词： microcystin-LR(MC-LR) biodegradation Sphingopyxis sp USTB-05 cell-free extract

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Oxidation and biotoxicity assessment of microcystin-LR using different AOPs based on UV, O

Siyi Lu, Naiyu Wang, Can Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1030-2

摘要： Microcystin-LR attracts attention due to its high toxicity, high concentration and high frequency. The removal characteristics of UV/H O and O /H O advanced oxidation processes and their individual process for MC-LR were investigated and compared in this study. Both the removal efficiencies and rates of MC-LR as well as the biotoxicity of degradation products was analyzed. Results showed that the UV/H O process and O /H O were effective methods to remove MC-LR from water, and they two performed better than UV-, O -, H O -alone processes under the same conditions. The effects of UV intensity, H O concentration and O concentration on the removal performance were explored. The synergistic effects between UV and H O , O and H O were observed. UV dosage of 1800 mJ·cm was required to remove 90% of 100 g·L MC-LR, which amount significantly decreased to 500 mJ·cm when 1.7 mg·L H O was added. 0.25 mg·L O , or 0.125 mg·L O with 1.7 mg·L H O was needed to reach 90% removal efficiency. Furthermore, the biotoxicity results about these UV/H O , O /H O and O -alone processes all present rising trends with oxidation degree of MC-LR. Biotoxicity of solution, equivalent to 0.01 mg·L Zn , raised to 0.05 mg·L Zn after UV/H O or O /H O reaction. This phenomenon may be attributed to the aldehydes and ketones with small molecular weight generated during reaction. Advice about the selection of MC-LR removal methods in real cases was provided.

关键词： Microcystin-LR Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) Biotoxicity Synergistic effects

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Microcystin-LR detection based on indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

SHENG Jianwu, HE Miao, YU Shaoqing, SHI Hanchang, QIAN Yi

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 329-333 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0056-7

摘要： Microcystins (MCs) are a group of closely related toxic cyclic heptapeptides produced by common cyanobacteria, which cause lots of accidents and threatens human health. In this paper, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) was established and used to detect microcystin-LR (MC-LR) in drinking and surface waters. The concentration of coating antigen was 5 ?g/mL, the dilution of monoclonal antibody MC10E7 was 1:3 000, the dilution of enzyme tracer (goat anti-mouse IgG-peroxidase) was 1:3 000, the standard concentration of MC-LR ranged from 0.001 μg/L to 30 μg/L, and o-phenylenediamine was used as substrate. The assay showed high relativity with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a correlation coefficient of more than 99%. The relative standard deviation was less than 10%, the detection limit was achieved down to 0.01 μg/L and up to 5.1 μg/L. The quantitative detection range was from 0.03 μg/L to 3 μg/L, and the antibody had high specificity for [4-arginine] microcystins. It performed well in spite of the influence of the real samples.

关键词： o-phenylenediamine 4-arginine ic-ELISA substrate chromatography

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Comparison of different algicides on growth of

Naiyu Wang, Kai Wang, Can Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0940-8

摘要： Eutrophication with a large number of commonly occurs worldwide, thereby threatening the aquatic ecosystem and human health. In this study, four kinds of algicides were tested to explore their influence on cell density and chlorophyll-a of . Results showed that aluminum silicate agent, which inhibited more than 90% cell growth compared with the control group, demonstrated the strongest inhibition effect immediately on growth. Furthermore, the production and release of microcystin (MC)-LR were investigated. Aluminum silicate, CuSO , and Emma-11 were more effective than pyrogallic acid in disrupting the cells of , thereby increasing the extracellular MC-LR concentration. Aluminum silicate caused the highest extracellular MC-LR concentration of more than 45 mg·L . Biotoxicity was also detected to evaluate the environmental risks of MC-LR release, which were related to the usages of different algicides. Extracellular MC-LR concentration mostly increased when the biotoxicity of algae solution increased. The experiments were also designed to reveal the effects of physical conditions in riverways, such as natural sunlight, aeration and benthal sludge, on MC-LR degradation. These findings indicated that UV rays in sunlight, which can achieve a MC-LR removal efficiency of more than 15%, played an important role in MC-LR degradation. Among all the physical pathways of MC-LR removal, benthal sludge adsorption presented the optimal efficiency at 20%.

关键词： Microcystis aeruginosa MC-LR release Algicides MC-LR degradation Biotoxicity

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工程网络计划的LR型模糊系数线性规划方法

高朋,冯俊文

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第2期页码 70-74

摘要：文章提出一种具有LR型模糊数的线性规划模型，解决了工程网络计划的时间参数估计和关键路径识别问题，并通过引入λ截集来充分描述决策者在不同情形下对工序工期估计的可信程度。

关键词：工程网络计划模糊线性规划工序

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A solution to unit commitment problem using invasive weed optimization algorithm

B. SARAVANAN, E. R. VASUDEVAN, D. P. KOTHARI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 487-494 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0279-1

摘要： Unit commitment (UC) is one of the most important aspect of power generation in the world today. Though, there is no method to find the exact optimized solution, there exists several meta-heuristic algorithms to determine the close to exact solution. This paper proposes a novel solution to effectively determine UC and generation cost using the technique of invasive weed optimization (IWO). The existing technique distributes the load demand among all the generating units. The method proposed here utilizes the output of UC obtained by using the Lagrangian relaxation (LR) method and calculates the required generation from only the plants that are ON discarding the OFF generator units and thereby giving a faster and more accurate response. Moreover, the results show the comparison between the LR-particle swarm optimization (PSO) and LR-IWO, and prove that the cost of generation for a 4 unit, 8 hour schedule is much less in the case of IWO when compared to PSO.

关键词： Lagrangian relaxation (LR) invasive weed optimization (IWO) economic dispatch optimization fuel cost seed fitness