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Role of Akkermansia muciniphila in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: current knowledge and perspectives

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 667-685 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0960-z

摘要： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and a common cause of liver cirrhosis and cancer. Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is a next-generation probiotic that has been reported to improve metabolic disorders. Emerging evidence indicates the therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila for NAFLD, especially in the inflammatory stage, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Here, the current knowledge on the role of A. muciniphila in the progression of NAFLD was summarized. A. muciniphila abundancy is decreased in animals and humans with NAFLD. The recovery of A. muciniphila presented benefits in preventing hepatic fat accumulation and inflammation in NAFLD. The details of how microbes regulate hepatic immunity and lipid accumulation in NAFLD were further discussed. The modulation mechanisms by which A. muciniphila acts to improve hepatic inflammation are mainly attributed to the alleviation of inflammatory cytokines and LPS signals and the downregulation of microbiota-related innate immune cells (such as macrophages). This review provides insights into the roles of A. muciniphila in NAFLD, thereby providing a blueprint to facilitate clinical therapeutic applications.

关键词： Akkermansia muciniphila NAFLD NASH steatosis inflammation

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Mechanistic and therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting the gut microbiota

Ruiting Han, Junli Ma, Houkai Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第6期页码 645-657 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0645-9

摘要： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common metabolic diseases currently in the context of obesity worldwide, which contains a spectrum of chronic liver diseases, including hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic carcinoma. In addition to the classical “Two-hit” theory, NAFLD has been recognized as a typical gut microbiota-related disease because of the intricate role of gut microbiota in maintaining human health and disease formation. Moreover, gut microbiota is even regarded as a “metabolic organ” that play complementary roles to that of liver in many aspects. The mechanisms underlying gut microbiota-mediated development of NAFLD include modulation of host energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and bile acid and choline metabolism. As a result, gut microbiota have been emerging as a novel therapeutic target for NAFLD by manipulating it in various ways, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and herbal components. In this review, we summarized the most recent advances in gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms, as well as gut microbiota-targeted therapies on NAFLD.

关键词： gut microbiota NAFLD obesity insulin resistance bile acids probiotic

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益生菌对非酒精性脂肪性肝病疗效的研究进展 Article

姚铭飞, 屈玲玲, 陆艳蒙, 王保红, Björn Berglundb, 李兰娟

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第5期页码 679-686 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.01.017

摘要：

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）在全球范围内的患病率高达20%~33%，已成为严重威胁人类健康的慢性肝病之一。至今为止，除了改变生活方式，改善NAFLD尚无明确的药物治疗方法。因此，找到有效、可替代的干预策略迫在眉睫。随着人们对肠道微生态在NAFLD发病机制中的重要作用的认识，益生菌防治NAFLD的研究也随之增多。本文综述了口服传统益生菌和NGP对NAFLD发生发展的影响；基于最新的动物和临床研究，阐述了益生菌直接或间接影响疾病的机制。虽然相关研究已有很多，但要全面了解益生菌、肠道微生态、NAFLD之间的具体潜在机制，仍需要深入研究，需要更多的大规模临床试验来评估益生菌治疗NAFLD的效果以及益生菌在人体内的安全性。

关键词：非酒精性脂肪性肝病肠道菌群益生菌下一代益生菌