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Pd/Fe3O4 supported on bio-waste derived cellulosic-carbon as a nanocatalyst for C–C coupling and electrocatalytic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第10期页码 1514-1525 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2158-y

摘要： The current work describes the synthesis of a new bio-waste derived cellulosic-carbon supported-palladium nanoparticles enriched magnetic nanocatalyst (Pd/Fe₃O₄@C) using a simple multi-step process under aerobic conditions. Under mild reaction conditions, the Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst demonstrated excellent catalytic activity in the Hiyama cross-coupling reaction for a variety of substrates. Also, the Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst exhibited excellent catalytic activity up to five recycles without significant catalytic activity loss in the Hiyama cross-coupling reaction. Also, we explored the use of Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction. Interestingly, the Pd/Fe₃O₄@C magnetic nanocatalyst exhibited better electrochemical activity compared to bare carbon and magnetite (Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles) with an overpotential of 293 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^–2.

关键词： bio-waste cellulosic-carbon Pd/Fe₃O₄ Hiyama cross-coupling hydrogen evolution reaction recyclability

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Characterization of humic substances in bio-treated municipal solid waste landfill leachate

Guangxia QI, Dongbei YUE, Yongfeng NIE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第5期页码 711-716 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0421-z

摘要： Considerable organic matter remains in municipal solid waste landfill leachate after biological treatments. Humic substances (HSs) dominate the organic matter in bio-treated landfill leachate. In this study, the HSs from landfill leachate treated by membrane bioreactor (MBR-HSs) were analyzed via elemental analysis, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and charge polarized magic-angle spinning- C-nuclear magnetic resonance. The characteristic absorption in the UV wavelength range indicated the presence of high C=C and C=O double bonds within the MBR-HSs. Compared with commercial HSs, MBR-HSs had lower carbon content [48.14% for fulvic acids (FA) and 49.52% for humic acids (HA)], higher nitrogen content (4.31% for FA and 6.16% for HA), lower aromatic structure content, and higher carbohydrate and carboxylic atoms of carbon content. FA predominantly had an aliphatic structure, and HA had less condensed or substituted aromatic ring structures than natural HA. The aromatic carbon content of MBR-HSs was lower than that of humus-derived HSs but higher than that of waste-derived HSs, indicating that MBR-HSs appeared to be more similar to humus-derived HSs than waste-derived HA.

关键词： bio-treated landfill leachate humic substances elemental analysis spectroscopic characteristics

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Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of pyrolysis bio-oil to jet fuel: A review

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-024-0943-7

摘要： Bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis cannot directly substitute traditional fuel due to compositional deficiencies. Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is the critical and efficient step to upgrade crude bio-oil to high-quality bio-jet fuel by lowering the oxygen content and increasing the heating value. However, the hydrocracking reaction tends to reduce the liquid yield and increase the gas yield, causing carbon loss and producing hydrocarbons with a short carbon-chain. To obtain high-yield bio-jet fuel, the elucidation of the conversion process of biomass catalytic HDO is important in providing guidance for metal catalyst design and optimization of reaction conditions. Considering the complexity of crude bio-oil, this review aimed to investigate the catalytic HDO pathways with model compounds that present typical bio-oil components. First, it provided a comprehensive summary of the impact of physical and electronic structures of both noble and non-noble metals that include monometallic and bimetallic supported catalysts on regulating the conversion pathways and resulting product selectivity. The subsequent first principle calculations further corroborated reaction pathways of model compounds in atom-level on different catalyst surfaces with the experiments above and illustrated the favored C–O/C=O scission orders thermodynamically and kinetically. Then, it discussed hydrogenation effects of different H-donors (such as hydrogen and methane) and catalysts deactivation for economical and industrial consideration. Based on the descriptions above and recent researches, it also elaborated on catalytic HDO of biomass and bio-oil with multi-functional catalysts. Finally, it presented the challenges and future prospective of biomass catalytic HDO.

关键词： biomass pyrolysis oil bio-jet fuel catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) metal catalyst reaction pathways

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Surgical robotics: A look-back of latest advancement and bio-inspired ways to tackle existing challenges

Yang LIU, Jing LIU

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第7卷第4期页码 376-384 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0352-1

摘要：

This article is dedicated to present a review on existing challenges and latest developments in surgical robotics in attempts to overcome the obstacles lying behind. Rather than to perform an exhaustive evaluation, we would emphasize more on the new insight by digesting the emerging bio-inspired surgical technologies with potentials to revolutionize the field. Typical approaches, possible applications, advantages and technical challenges were discussed. Evolutions of surgical robotics and future trends were analyzed. It can be found that, the major difficulties in the field of surgical robots may not be properly addressed by only using conventional approaches. As an alternative, bio-inspired methods or materials may shed light on new innovations. While endeavors to deal with existing strategies still need to be made, attentions should be paid to also borrow ideas from nature.

关键词： minimally invasive surgery surgical robotics haptic feedback miniaturization bio-inspiration bionics

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生物柴油技术进展与产业前景

冀星,郗小林,孔林河,李俊峰,李丽

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第9期页码 86-93

摘要：

综述了世界各国生物柴油技术的研究、应用及产业发展状况，分析了生物柴油制备、应用中存在的问题，论述了发展生物柴油产业对我国石油安全、国民经济建设以及对农业产业结构调整的贡献和生物柴油对环境的作用及可能造成的冲击，展望了该产业的发展前景，对该产业的发展提出了建议。

关键词：生物柴油生物柴油制备生物柴油产业

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Bio-based Technologies for Resource Recovery

Aijie Wang, David Stuckey

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1079-y

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

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Combustion characteristics and kinetics of bio-oil

Ruixia ZHANG, Zhaoping ZHONG, Yaji HUANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 119-124 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0068-x

摘要： The combustion characteristics of bio-oils derived from rice husk and corn were studied by thermogravimetry analysis. According to the thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermogravimetry (DTG) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) curves of bio-oils in air and nitrogen atmosphere, we analyzed the combustion characteristics of different kinds of bio-oils in different atmospheres and worked out the combustion kinetics parameters of the bio-oil, providing reliable base data for the burning of bio-oil. The thermogravimetry indicated that the combustion process of bio-oil was divided into three stages. At the same time, the combustion process can be described by different order reaction models, and with the method of Coats-Redfern, the activation energy and frequency factor of different kinds of bio-oils were obtained.

关键词： bio-oil combustion characteristics combustion kinetics

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Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of pyrolysis bio-oil to jet fuel: A review

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-024-0924-8

关键词： biomass pyrolysis oil bio-jet fuel catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) metal catalyst reaction pathways

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Production of renewable fuels by blending bio-oil with alcohols and upgrading under supercritical conditions

Sainab Omar, Suzanne Alsamaq, Yang Yang, Jiawei Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 702-717 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1861-9

摘要： The work studied a non-catalytic upgrading of fast pyrolysis bio-oil by blending under supercritical conditions using methanol, ethanol and isopropanol as solvent and hydrogen donor. Characterisation of the bio-oil and the upgraded bio-oils was carried out including moisture content, elemental content, pH, heating value, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), Fourier transform infrared radiation, C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate the effects of blending and supercritical reactions. The GCMS analysis indicated that the supercritical methanol reaction removed the acids in the bio-oil consequently the pH increased from 2.39 in the crude bio-oil to 4.04 after the supercritical methanol reaction. The ester contents increased by 87.49% after the supercritical methanol reaction indicating ester formation could be the major deacidification mechanism for reducing the acidity of the bio-oil and improving its pH value. Simply blending crude bio-oil with isopropanol was effective in increasing the C and H content, reducing the O content and increasing the heating value to 27.55 from 17.51 MJ·kg in the crude bio-oil. After the supercritical isopropanol reaction, the heating value of the liquid product slightly further increased to 28.85 MJ·kg .

关键词： bio-oil blending supercritical upgrading characterisation

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volatile organic sulfur compounds in off-gas mixture from a wastewater treatment plant using a two-stage bio-trickling

Shihao Sun, Tipei Jia, Kaiqi Chen, Yongzhen Peng, Liang Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1148-x

摘要：

A two-stage BTF system was established treating odorous off-gas mixture from a WWTP.

The two-stage BTF system showed resistance for the lifting load of H₂S and VOSC.

Miseq Illumina sequencing showed separated functional microbial community in BTFs.

Avoiding H₂S inhibition and enhancement of VOSC degradation was achieved.

Key control point was discussed to help industrial application of the system.

关键词： Odor Two-stage bio-trickling filter process Bio-trickling filter Hydrogen sulfide Volatile organic sulfur compound

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Electrospun porous carbon nanofibers derived from bio-based phenolic resins as free-standing electrodes

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第5期页码 504-515 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2260-1

摘要： Phenolic resins were employed to prepare electrospun porous carbon nanofibers with a high specific surface area as free-standing electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors. However, the sustainable development of conventional phenolic resin has been challenged by petroleum-based phenol and formaldehyde. Lignin with abundant phenolic hydroxyl groups is the main non-petroleum resource that can provide renewable aromatic compounds. Hence, lignin, phenol, and furfural were used to synthesize bio-based phenolic resins, and the activated carbon nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning and one-step carbonization activation. Fourier transform infrared and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the structural and thermal properties. The results reveal that the apparent activation energy of the curing reaction is 89.21 kJ·mol^–1 and the reaction order is 0.78. The activated carbon nanofibers show a uniform diameter, specific surface area up to 1100 m²·g^–1, and total pore volume of 0.62 cm³·g^–1. The electrode demonstrates a specific capacitance of 238 F·g^–1 (0.1 A·g^–1) and good rate capability. The symmetric supercapacitor yields a high energy density of 26.39 W·h·kg^–1 at 100 W·kg^–1 and an excellent capacitance retention of 98% after 10000 cycles. These results confirm that the activated carbon nanofiber from bio-based phenolic resins can be applied as electrode material for high-performance supercapacitors.

关键词： lignin bio-based phenolic resins electrospinning activated carbon nanofibers supercapacitors

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A review on catalytic & non-catalytic bio-oil upgrading in supercritical fluids

Sainab Omar, Yang Yang, Jiawei Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 4-17 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1933-x

摘要： This review article summarizes the key published research on the topic of bio-oil upgrading using catalytic and non-catalytic supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions. The precious metal catalysts Pd, Ru and Pt on various supports are frequently chosen for catalytic bio-oil upgrading in SCFs. This is reportedly due to their favourable catalytic activity during the process including hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and esterification, which leads to improvements in liquid yield, heating value, and pH of the upgraded bio-oil. Due to the costs associated with precious metal catalysts, some researchers have opted for non-precious metal catalysts such as acidic HZSM-5 which can promote esterification in supercritical ethanol. On the other hand, SCFs have been effectively used to upgrade crude bio-oil without a catalyst. Supercritical methanol, ethanol, and water are most commonly used and demonstrate catalyst like activities such as facilitating esterification reactions and reducing solid yield by alcoholysis and hydrolysis, respectively.

关键词： bio-oil upgrading supercritical review

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Integration of microbial reductive dehalogenation with persulfate activation and oxidation (Bio-RD-PAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1457-8

摘要：

•Bio-RD-PAO can effectively and extensively remove organohalides.

关键词： Bio-RD-PAO Microbial reductive dehalogenation Persulfate Organohalide respiration Complete attenuation

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SERS nanoprobes for bio-application

Han-Wen Cheng,Jin Luo,Chuan-Jian Zhong

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 428-441 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1536-0

摘要： The ability to tune the size, shape, composition and surface properties impart nanoparticles with the desired functions for bio-application. This article highlights some of the recent examples in the exploration of metal (e.g., gold and silver) nanoparticles, especially those with magnetic properties and bio-conjugated structures, as theranostic nanoprobes. Such nanoprobes exhibit tunable optical, spectroscopic, magnetic, and electrical properties for signal amplifications. Examples discussed in this article will focus on the nanoproble-enhanced colorimetric detection and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of biomarkers or biomolecules such as proteins and DNAs. The understanding of factors controlling the biomolecular interactions is essential for the design of SERS nanoprobes with theranostic functions.

关键词： surface-enhanced Raman scattering functional nanoprobes bio-conjugation metal nanoparticles magnetic properties theranostic materials

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Research on combustion characteristics of bio-oil from sewage sludge

Rui LI, Baosheng JIN, Xiangru JIA, Zhaoping ZHONG, Gang XIAO, Xufeng FU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 161-166 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0057-0

摘要： Combustion characteristics of bio-oil from sewage sludge were investigated using thermogravimetry (TG) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. The combustion process could be divided into two weight loss stages. Light compounds volatilized and were oxidized in the first stage and the heterogeneous combustion between oxygen and heavy compounds happened in the second stage, which were confirmed by FT-IR technique. Most weight loss occurred in the first stage. The effect of heating rate was also studied and higher heating rates were found to facilitate the combustion process. The kinetic parameters of the two stages were calculated and the change of activation energy indicated higher heating rates benefited combustion.

关键词： bio-oil from sewage sludge fast pyrolysis combustion characteristics TG-FT-IR kinetic