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期刊论文 11

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N-糖基化 1

主观意图 1

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免疫球蛋白 G 1

功能性 1

双向因果关联 1

因果 1

孟德尔随机化研究 1

效用 1

数量性状位点 1

直觉物理 1

计算机视觉 1

非线性因果效应；因果域；z-特异性因果效应；正向因果；负向因果；空因果 1

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Efficacy of intelligent diagnosis with a dynamic uncertain causality graph model for rare disorders of

Dongping Ning, Zhan Zhang, Kun Qiu, Lin Lu, Qin Zhang, Yan Zhu, Renzhi Wang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 498-505 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0791-8

摘要： Disorders of sex development (DSD) are a group of rare complex clinical syndromes with multiple etiologies. Distinguishing the various causes of DSD is quite difficult in clinical practice, even for senior general physicians because of the similar and atypical clinical manifestations of these conditions. In addition, DSD are difficult to diagnose because most primary doctors receive insufficient training for DSD. Delayed diagnoses and misdiagnoses are common for patients with DSD and lead to poor treatment and prognoses. On the basis of the principles and algorithms of dynamic uncertain causality graph (DUCG), a diagnosis model for DSD was jointly constructed by experts on DSD and engineers of artificial intelligence. “Chaining” inference algorithm and weighted logic operation mechanism were applied to guarantee the accuracy and efficiency of diagnostic reasoning under incomplete situations and uncertain information. Verification was performed using 153 selected clinical cases involving nine common DSD-related diseases and three causes other than DSD as the differential diagnosis. The model had an accuracy of 94.1%, which was significantly higher than that of interns and third-year residents. In conclusion, the DUCG model has broad application prospects as a computer-aided diagnostic tool for DSD-related diseases.

关键词： disorders of sex development (DSD)     intelligent diagnosis     dynamic uncertain causality graph    

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Causality relationship between the photovoltaic market and its manufacturing in China, Germany, the US

Molin HUO, Xiliang ZHANG, Jiankun HE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 43-48 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0135-5

摘要： This paper aims to investigate the Granger causality relationships between the photovoltaic (PV) market scale and PV manufacturing development in China, Germany, the US, and Japan, and consequently provide recommendations for strategic investment and industrial policy making. The empirical results show that the growth of the market scale caused the increase in innovation scale in the four countries except China. Moreover, there were bidirectional causalities between them in Germany and in the US, respectively, suggesting that the strategic perspective and the formation of a virtuous circle could make PV industry policies cost effective. Only in China did the growth of the market scale cause the increase in production scale, implying significant market risk for the manufacturing sector. The empirical result shows that the manufacturing sector can affect the dynamics of the market scale.

关键词： photovoltaic     innovation     demand pull     scale economies     granger causality    

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Causality between energy consumption and GDP in the U.S.: evidence from wavelet analysis

Alper ASLAN, Nicholas APERGIS, Selim YILDIRIM

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 1-8 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0290-6

摘要： This study investigates the dynamic causal relationship between energy consumption and economic growth in the U.S. at different time scales. The main novelty of the study is that this paper complements the existing studies on the nexus between energy consumption and economic growth by employing the wavelet transformation to obtain different time scales in order to investigate causality between energy consumption and economic growth. This method is first developed by Ramsey and Lampart. Their approach consists of first decomposing the series into time scales by wavelet filters and testing causality of each time scale with the pertinent time scale of the other series separately. The data span from 1973q1 to 2012q1 on a quarterly basis. The main empirical insight is that the causal relationship is stronger at finer time scales, whereas the relationship is less and less apparent at longer time horizons. The results indicate that energy consumption causes economic growth, while the reverse is not true at the original frequency of the data. At the very finest scale the same result arises. However, at coarser scales feedback is observed. In particular, at intermediate time scales the evidence indicates that energy consumption causes economic growth, while the reverse is also true. These empirical findings are expected to be of high importance in terms of the effective design and implementation of energy and environmental policies, especially when a number of countries in the pursuit of high economic growth targets do not pay any serious attention on environmental issues.

关键词： energy consumption     economic growth     wavelet analysis     granger causality    

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Development of an artificial intelligence diagnostic model based on dynamic uncertain causality graph

Yang Jiao, Zhan Zhang, Ting Zhang, Wen Shi, Yan Zhu, Jie Hu, Qin Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 488-497 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0762-0

摘要： Dyspnea is one of the most common manifestations of patients with pulmonary disease, myocardial dysfunction, and neuromuscular disorder, among other conditions. Identifying the causes of dyspnea in clinical practice, especially for the general practitioner, remains a challenge. This pilot study aimed to develop a computer-aided tool for improving the efficiency of differential diagnosis. The disease set with dyspnea as the chief complaint was established on the basis of clinical experience and epidemiological data. Differential diagnosis approaches were established and optimized by clinical experts. The artificial intelligence (AI) diagnosis model was constructed according to the dynamic uncertain causality graph knowledge-based editor. Twenty-eight diseases and syndromes were included in the disease set. The model contained 132 variables of symptoms, signs, and serological and imaging parameters. Medical records from the electronic hospital records of Suining Central Hospital were randomly selected. A total of 202 discharged patients with dyspnea as the chief complaint were included for verification, in which the diagnoses of 195 cases were coincident with the record certified as correct. The overall diagnostic accuracy rate of the model was 96.5%. In conclusion, the diagnostic accuracy of the AI model is promising and may compensate for the limitation of medical experience.

关键词： knowledge representation     uncertain     causality     graphical model     artificial intelligence     diagnosis     dyspnea    

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Evidence chain-based causality identification in herb-induced liver injury: exemplification of a well-known

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 457-467 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0417-8

摘要：

Herbal medicines have recently been recognized as the second most common cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in the United States. However, reliable methods to identify the DILI causality of some herbs, such as Heshouwu (dried root of Polygonum multiflorum), remain lacking. In this study, a total of 12 307 inpatients with liver dysfunction and 147 literature-reported cases of Heshouwu DILI were screened. A general algorithm indicated that only 22.5% (9/40) and 30.6% (45/147) of all hospitalization and literature case reports, respectively, demonstrate the high probability of DILI causality of Heshouwu. By contrast, 95% (19/20) of all cases prospectively investigated by pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and metabolomic tests exhibited highly probable causality, including a patient who was previously incorrectly attributed and a case that was excluded from Heshouwu causality by pharmacognostic evidence. Toxin (heavy metals, pesticides, and mycotoxins) contamination was also excluded from Heshouwu DILI causality. The objectivity of these screening methods for Heshouwu DILI diagnosis addresses safety concerns regarding stilbene-containing herbal medicines and dietary supplements.

关键词： drug-induced liver injury     pharmacognosy     metabolomics     stilbene     Polygonum multiflorum     Chinese herbal medicine    

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Relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth of Guangdong Province in China

Lianhong LV, Hong LUO, Baoliu ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 351-355 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0209-7

摘要： Guangdong is a province with the most electricity consumption (EC) and the fastest economic growth in China. However, there has long been a contradiction between electricity supply and demand in Guangdong and this trend may exist for a long time in the foreseeable future. Therefore, the research on the relationship between EC and economic growth of Guangdong is of very important practical significance to the formulation of relevant policy. In this paper, the econometrics method of granger causality test and co-integration test is used to analyze the relationship between EC and economic growth of Guangdong from 1978 to 2010. The results indicate that there is unidirectional causality between the economic growth and the EC, and the growth of gross domestic product (GDP) and gross industrial output value (GIOV) is the impetus to promote the growth of installedβcapacity (ICAP) and the EC. Therefore, the appropriate restraint of excessive growth of power industry will not necessarily slow down economic growth. There has been a long-term stable equilibrium relationship between the EC and the economic growth. When the GDP and GIOV grows 1 unit respectively, the EC of Guangdong province will increase 0.97 and 0.64 unit respectively. The long-term marginal utility of the EC is more than 1.

关键词： co-integration     granger causality     electricity consumption (EC)     economic growth    

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Electricity demand, GDP and employment: evidence from Italy

Cosimo MAGAZZINO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 31-40 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0296-8

摘要： This paper applies time series methodologies to examine the causal relationship among electricity demand, real per capita GDP and total labor force for Italy from 1970 to 2009. After a brief introduction, a survey of the economic literature on this issue is reported, before discussing the data and introducing the econometric techniques used. The results of estimation indicate that one cointegrating relationship exists among these variables. This equilibrium relation implies that, in the long-run, GDP and labor force are correlated negatively, as well as GDP and electricity. Moreover, there is a bi-directional Granger causality flow between real per capita GDP and electricity demand; while labor force does not Granger-cause neither real per capita GDP nor electricity demand. This implies that electricity demand and economic growth are jointly determined at the same time for the Italian case. The forecast error variance decomposition shows that forecast errors in real per capita GDP are mainly caused by the uncertainty in GDP itself, while forecast errors in labor force are mainly resulted from the labor force itself, although aggregate income and electricity are important, too.

关键词： energy policies     electricity demand     GDP     labor force     stationarity     structural breaks     cointegration     causality     Italy    

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免疫球蛋白G N-糖基化与代谢特征之间的双向因果关联——一项孟德尔随机化研究 Article

孟晓妮, 曹维杰, 刘迪, Isinta Elijah Maranga, 邢薇佳, 侯海峰, 徐希柱, 宋曼殳, 王友信

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第26卷 第7期   页码 74-88 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.11.004

摘要：

既往研究已发现免疫球蛋白 G（immunoglobulin G, IgG）N-糖基化与代谢特征之间存在关联，但它们之间是否存在因果关联尚有待研究。本研究使用孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomization, MR）研究方法整合全基因组关联研究（genome-wide association studies, GWAS）和数量性状基因座（quantitative trait loci, QTL）数据探究IgG N-糖基化与代谢特征之间的双向因果关联。在正向MR分析中，通过整合IgG N-糖基-QTL遗传变异与GWAS 数据和代谢特征进行分析，分别发现59个包括影响体质指数（body mass index, BMI）的9个IgG N-糖基（glycan peaks, GP）（GP1和GP6等）和影响空腹血糖（fasting plasma glucose, FPG）的 7个IgG N-糖基（GP1和GP5等）以及15个[包括影响BMI 的5个IgG N-糖基（GP2 和 GP11 等）和影响FPG的 4个IgG N-糖基（GP1和GP10等）]由遗传决定的 IgG N-糖基在单样本和两样本MR研究中与代谢特征存在因果关联（全部 P < 0.05）。相应地，对整合代谢特征-QTL-遗传变异与GWAS结果和 IgG N-糖基进行MR分析的结果显示，在单样本和两样本MR研究中，分别发现72个包括影响GP1的1个因果代谢特征[高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C）]和影响GP2的5个因果代谢特征[FPG、收缩压（systolic blood pressure, SBP）等]和4个[包括影响GP3的1个因果代谢特征（HDL-C）和影响 GP9 的1个代谢特征（HDL-C）]由遗传决定的代谢特征与 IgG N-糖基之间存在因果关联（全部 P < 0.05）。值得注意的是，在单样本和两样本的MR分析中均发现了遗传决定的高水平的GP11与BMI水平增高存在因果关联[固定效应模型-Beta (SE): 0.106 (0.034) 和 0.010 (0.005)]和高水平的HDL-C与 GP9 水平降低存在因果关联[−0.071 (0.022) 和−0.306 (0.151)]，且这一结果在单样本和两样本的 meta汇总分析中得到了进一步验证[固定效应模型-Beta（95%置信区间）分别为：0.0109 (0.0012, 0.0207) 和−0.0759 (−0.1186, −0.0332)]。综上所述，本研究全面的双向MR分析提供了IgG N-糖基化与代谢特征之间双向因果关联的证据，在一定程度上揭示了 IgG N-糖基化与代谢特征之间的生物学机制。

关键词： 孟德尔随机化研究     免疫球蛋白 G     N-糖基化     代谢特征     数量性状位点     双向因果关联    

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“暗”，不止于“深”——迈向认知智能与类人常识的范式转换 Feature Article

朱毅鑫, 高涛, 范丽凤, 黄思远, Mark Edmonds, 刘航欣, 高枫, 张驰, Siyuan Qi, 吴英年, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, 朱松纯

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第3期   页码 310-345 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.01.011

摘要： 我们将功能性（functionality）、物理（physics）、意图（intent）、因果（causality）和效用（utility）（FPICU）认定为拥有类人常识的认知人工智能的5个核心领域。

关键词： 计算机视觉     人工智能     因果     直觉物理     功能性     主观意图     效用    

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非线性因果效应分析中的因果域 Correspondence

王爱国1,刘礼2,杨矫云3,李廉3

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第23卷 第8期   页码 1277-1286 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200165

摘要： 与线性因果相比，非线性因果具有更复杂的特点和内涵。本文主要讨论非线性因果中的若干个问题，并着重强调因果域的概念。本文基于广泛应用的计算模型和方法，围绕非线性因果分析与计算以及因果域的识别问题提出相应观点和建议，并通过几个具体案例揭示非线性因果在处理复杂因果推断问题中的重要性和现实意义。

关键词： 非线性因果效应；因果域；z-特异性因果效应；正向因果；负向因果；空因果    

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The Tong Test: Evaluating Artificial General Intelligence Through Dynamic Embodied Physical and Social Interactions

Yujia Peng,Jiaheng Han,Zhenliang Zhang,Lifeng Fan,Tengyu Liu,Siyuan Qi,Xue Feng,Yuxi Ma,Yizhou Wang,Song-Chun Zhu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.07.006

摘要： The release of the generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) series has brought artificial general intelligence (AGI) to the forefront of the artificial intelligence (AI) field once again. However, the questions of how to define and evaluate AGI remain unclear. This perspective article proposes that the evaluation of AGI should be rooted in dynamic embodied physical and social interactions (DEPSI). More specifically, we propose five critical characteristics to be considered as AGI benchmarks and suggest the Tong test as an AGI evaluation system. The Tong test describes a value- and ability-oriented testing system that delineates five levels of AGI milestones through a virtual environment with DEPSI, allowing for infinite task generation. We contrast the Tong test with classical AI testing systems in terms of various aspects and propose a systematic evaluation system to promote standardized, quantitative, and objective benchmarks and evaluation of AGI.

关键词： Artificial general intelligence     Artificial intelligence benchmark     Artificial intelligence evaluation     Embodied artificial intelligence     Value alignment     Turing test     Causality    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Efficacy of intelligent diagnosis with a dynamic uncertain causality graph model for rare disorders of

Dongping Ning, Zhan Zhang, Kun Qiu, Lin Lu, Qin Zhang, Yan Zhu, Renzhi Wang

期刊论文

Causality relationship between the photovoltaic market and its manufacturing in China, Germany, the US

Molin HUO, Xiliang ZHANG, Jiankun HE

期刊论文

Causality between energy consumption and GDP in the U.S.: evidence from wavelet analysis

Alper ASLAN, Nicholas APERGIS, Selim YILDIRIM

期刊论文

Development of an artificial intelligence diagnostic model based on dynamic uncertain causality graph

Yang Jiao, Zhan Zhang, Ting Zhang, Wen Shi, Yan Zhu, Jie Hu, Qin Zhang

期刊论文

Evidence chain-based causality identification in herb-induced liver injury: exemplification of a well-known

null

期刊论文

Relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth of Guangdong Province in China

Lianhong LV, Hong LUO, Baoliu ZHANG

期刊论文

Electricity demand, GDP and employment: evidence from Italy

Cosimo MAGAZZINO

期刊论文

免疫球蛋白G N-糖基化与代谢特征之间的双向因果关联——一项孟德尔随机化研究

孟晓妮, 曹维杰, 刘迪, Isinta Elijah Maranga, 邢薇佳, 侯海峰, 徐希柱, 宋曼殳, 王友信

期刊论文

“暗”，不止于“深”——迈向认知智能与类人常识的范式转换

朱毅鑫, 高涛, 范丽凤, 黄思远, Mark Edmonds, 刘航欣, 高枫, 张驰, Siyuan Qi, 吴英年, Joshua B. Tenenbaum, 朱松纯

期刊论文

非线性因果效应分析中的因果域

王爱国1,刘礼2,杨矫云3,李廉3

期刊论文

The Tong Test: Evaluating Artificial General Intelligence Through Dynamic Embodied Physical and Social Interactions

Yujia Peng,Jiaheng Han,Zhenliang Zhang,Lifeng Fan,Tengyu Liu,Siyuan Qi,Xue Feng,Yuxi Ma,Yizhou Wang,Song-Chun Zhu,

期刊论文