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Immunogenicity and protective immunity against otitis media caused by pneumococcus in mice of Hib conjugate

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 490-498 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0470-y

摘要：

This study evaluated the immunogenicity and protective immunity of a Hemophilus influenzae b (Hib) polysaccharide conjugate vaccine with the pneumococcal surface adhesin A (PsaA) protein carrier in young mice. The Hib polysaccharide was conjugated with the rPsaA protein carrier, which was produced using recombinant DNA technology. A total of 15 young mice aged 3 weeks to 5 weeks were immunized with the conjugate vaccine, and another 15 young mice of the same age were immunized with the licensed Hib-tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine. Furthermore, the third group of 15 young mice was inoculated with phosphate buffer saline as control. The immunized mice were inoculated with pneumococcus in the middle ear. Results showed that IgG antibody responses against both the PsaA protein and Hib polysaccharide were observed in the Hib-PsaA group. However, no statistical difference was observed in the titer of IgG against the Hib polysaccharide between Hib-PsaA and Hib-TT groups. The elimination rate of pneumococcus and the inflammation of the middle ear showed the effectiveness of protective immunity against otitis media caused by pneumococcus. Our results suggest that the Hib polysaccharide can be successfully conjugated with rPsaA via amide condensation. This new Hib-PsaA conjugate vaccine can induce both anti-PsaA and anti-Hib immune responses in young mice and elicit effective protection against acute otitis media caused by pneumococcus.

关键词： conjugate vaccine     pneumococcal surface adhesin A     Hemophilus influenzae b     immunogenicity     otitis media    

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An invariant descriptor for conjugate forced convection-conduction cooling of 3D protruding heaters in

Thiago ANTONINI ALVES,Paulo H. D. SANTOS,Murilo A. BARBUR

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第3期   页码 263-276 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0345-y

摘要：

In this research, the temperatures of three-dimensional (3D) protruding heaters mounted on a conductive substrate in a horizontal rectangular channel with laminar airflow are related to the independent power dissipation in each heater by using a matrix G+ with invariant coefficients, which are dimensionless. These coefficients are defined in this study as the conjugate influence coefficients (g+) caused by the forced convection-conduction nature of the heaters’ cooling process. The temperature increase of each heater in the channel is quantified to clearly identify the contributions attributed to the self-heating and power dissipation in the other heaters (both upstream and downstream). The conjugate coefficients are invariant with the heat generation rate in the array of heaters when assuming a defined geometry, invariable fluid and flow rate, and constant substrate and heater conductivities. The results are numerically obtained by considering three 3D protruding heaters on a two-dimensional (2D) array by ANSYS/FluentTM 15.0 software. The conservation equations are solved by a coupled procedure within a single calculation domain comprising of solid and fluid regions and by considering a steady state laminar airflow with constant properties. Some examples are shown, indicating the effects of substrate thermal conductivity and Reynolds number on conjugate influence coefficients.

关键词： channel flow     conjugate forced convection-conduction cooling     conjugate influence coefficients     discrete heating     invariant descriptor     thermal management    

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Invading target cells: multifunctional polymer conjugates as therapeutic nucleic acid carriers

Ulrich L?CHELT, Ernst WAGNER

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 275-286 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1203-z

摘要： Polymer-based conjugates are an interesting option and challenge for the design of nano-sized drug-delivery systems, as they require advanced conjugation chemistry and precise engineering. In the case of nucleic acid therapy, non-viral carriers face several biological barriers during the delivery process, namely 1) protection of the cargo from extracellular degradation, 2) avoidance of non-specific interactions with non-targeted tissues, 3) efficient entry into the target cells, 4) intracellular trafficking to the site of action and 5) cargo release. To take on these obstacles, multifunctional conjugates can act as “smart polymers” with microenvironment-sensing dynamics to facilitate the separate delivery steps. Synthesis of defined polymer architectures with precise functionalization enables structure-activity relationships to be investigated and the integration of key functions for efficient delivery. Thus bioresponsive polymer conjugates, which are equipped with molecular devices responding to the certain microenvironments within the delivery pathway (e.g. pH, redox potential, enzymes) can be assembled. This review focuses on the modular engineering and conjugation of multifunctional polymeric structures for the utilization as “tailor-made” nucleic acid carriers.

关键词： conjugate     DNA     gene transfer     polymer     RNA     targeting    

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Numerical investigation of the effectiveness of effusion cooling for plane multi-layer systems with different base-materials

Dieter BOHN, Robert KREWINKEL

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 406-413 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0041-x

摘要： Within Collaborative Research Center (SFB) 561 “Thermally Highly Loaded, Porous and Cooled Multi-Layer Systems for Combined Cycle Power Plants” at RWTH Aachen University, an effusion-cooled multi-layer plate configuration is investigated numerically by the application of a three-dimensional in-house fluid flow and heat transfer solver, CHTflow. CHTflow is a conjugate code, which yields information on the temperature distribution in the solid body. This enables a detailed discussion of the effects of a change in materials. The geometrical set-up and the fluid flow conditions derive from modern gas turbine combustion chambers and bladings. Within the SFB, two different multi-layer systems, one consisting of substrate made of CMSX-4 (a single-crystal super-alloy), an MCrAlY-bondoat and a ZrO thermal barrier coating (TBC), and the other consisting of a NiAl-alloy and a graded bondcoat/TBC, have been investigated. The grading will increase the life-span of the TBC as it can better compensate the different thermal expansion coefficients of different materials. The main focus in this study is on the different substrate materials, because the thermal conductivity of the NiAl is considerably higher than that of CMSX-4, which leads to different temperature profiles in the components. The numerical grid for the simulations contains the coolant supply (plenum), the solid body for the conjugate calculations, and the main flow area on the plate. The effusion-cooling is realized by finest drilled shaped holes with a diameter of 0.2mm. The investigation is concentrated on a cooling hole geometry with a laterally widened fan-shaped outlet, contoured throughout, and one without lateral widening that is only shaped in the TBC-region of the system. Two blowing ratios, =0.28 and =0.48, are investigated, both for a hot gas Mach number of 0.25. The results for the lower blowing ratio and the fully contoured hole are discussed as well as those of the higher blowing ratio and the non-laterally widened hole. These represent two characteristic cases.

关键词： conjugate calculation     effectiveness of effusion cooling     multi-layer systems     CMSX-4     NiAl-FG75    

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Kinetics of enhanced adsorption by polarization for organic pollutants on activated carbon fiber

HAN Yanhe, QUAN Xie, ZHAO Huimin, CHEN Shuo, ZHAO Yazhi

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第1期   页码 83-88 doi: 10.1007/s11783-007-0016-2

摘要： The adsorption kinetics for model pollutants on activated carbon fiber (ACF) by polarization was investigated in this work. Kinetics data obtained for the adsorption of these model pollutants at open-circuit, 400 mV, and -400 mV polarization were applied to the Lagergren equation, and adsorption rate constants () were determined. With the anodic polarization of 400 mV, the capacity of sodium phenoxide was increased from 0.0083 mmol/g at open-circuit to 0.18 mmol/g, and a 17-fold enhancement was achieved; however, the capacity of -nitrophenol was decreased from 2.93 mmol/g at open-circuit to 2.65 mmol/g. With the cathodal polarization of -400 mV, the capacity of aniline was improved from 3.60 mmol/g at open-circuit to 3.88 mmol/g; however, the capacity of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate was reduced from 2.20 mmol/g at open-circuit to 1.59 mmol/g. The enhancement for electrosorption changed with dif ferent groups substituting. Anodic polarization enhances the adsorption of benzene with the electron-donating group. But whether anodic or not, cathodal polarization had less effect on the adsorption of electron-accepting aromatic compounds, and decreased the adsorption capacity of benzene-bearing donor-conjugate bridge-acceptor, while increasing its adsorption rate. Electrostatic interaction played a very important role in the electrosorption of ion-pollutants.

关键词： ACF     activated     17-fold enhancement     donor-conjugate bridge-acceptor     Electrostatic interaction    

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Research on transmission principle and kinematics analysis for involute spherical gear

PAN Cun-yun, WEN Xi-sen, YANG Kun-yu, XU Xiao-jun, LIU Min, YAO Qi-shui

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年 第1卷 第2期   页码 183-193 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0010-6

摘要： A new kind of transmission-type spherical gear called ring involute spherical gear mechanism is introduced. Compared to the famous TRALLFA spherical gear, this new spherical gear has an involute tooth profile, and a ring tooth that is distributed continuously on the surface of the sphere. This allows the gear to overcome two disadvantages of the TRALLFA spherical gear: the drive principle error and the manufacturing difficulty. The new transmission and the formation principle of the tooth s surface of the new spherical gear mechanism are first introduced, then another mechanism, called disk rack, is introduced, which is derived from the spherical gear mechanism when one of the spherical gear s tooth number reaches infinity. To make the research more convenient, every part of the new spherical gear mechanism is named. In the following sections, some problems are discussed, such as the assembly form, the construction characteristics, the correct meshing condition, the continuum transmission condition and so on. Furthermore, the paper deduces the surface formula of the conjugate teeth profiles, which proves that the conjugate teeth profiles is also one of the ringed involute spherical gear. In order to analyze the relationship between two coordinate systems, which is attached respectively to the diving spherical gear and the driven spherical gear, the orientation cosine matrix method is utilized. By series rotational transformation, the kinematics model and inverse kinematics model are deduced. Using the method for calculating the transmission ratio of planet gear train, the relationship of the two oscillating angle between output axis and the bracket is established. Based on the research, the kinematics graphic simulation of spherical gear mechanism and disk rack are made respectively. The results prove correctness of the kinematics model.

关键词： rotational transformation     orientation     Furthermore     conjugate     number    

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吖啶– 核定位序列偶联构建的高活性抗菌肽 Artical

Wei Zhang,Xiaoli Yang,Jingjing Song,Xin Zheng,Jianbo Chen,Panpan Ma,Bangzhi Zhang,Rui Wang

《工程（英文）》 2015年 第1卷 第4期   页码 500-505 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015106

摘要：

多重耐药菌的出现迫切需要发现具有新作用机制的抗生素。在本研究中，笔者将疏水的吖啶分子连接到核定位序列 (NLS) 的N末端合成了一种新型的抗菌药物Acr3-NLS。为了进 一步提高该试剂的抗菌活性，笔者将两个单体Acr3-NLS分子通过二硫键连接合成了二聚体(Acr3-NLS)2。结果显示，与NLS相比，Acr3-NLS，特别是(Acr3-NLS)2，对革兰阴性菌和革兰阳性菌表现出显著的抗菌活性。随后，其作用机制的研究表明，Acr3-NLS 和(Acr3-NLS)2 可通过细胞膜破坏方式和DNA 结合方式杀死细菌。作用于细胞膜和细胞内DNA的双靶点抑杀机制可以降低细菌对Acr3-NLS 和(Acr3-NLS)2 产生耐药性的风险。总之， 本研究提供了一种新的策略，可用于设计具有双重作用机制的高效抗菌药物。

关键词： 吖啶     核定位序列     共轭连接     抗菌活性     作用机制    

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提升疗效的修饰型治疗性抗体国内外研究进展 Review

戴济民, 张雪芹, 戴竞耀, 杨向民, 陈志南

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第11期   页码 1529-1540 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.030

摘要：

生物治疗药物市场的繁荣反映了治疗性抗体药物用于治疗癌症、炎性疾病和难治性感染的可行性和有效性。随着抗体药物临床试验和转化研究中出现的结合效率不高、效应功能降低和不良反应频发等问题的解决，治疗性抗体的修饰在抗体药物的研发进程中得到了前所未有的蓬勃发展。为了提升抗体的结合活性、循环中的半衰期、靶细胞的有效性，并最终实现改善抗体药物的疗效，抗体可主要通过以下途径修饰：①糖基化修饰；②抗体恒定区（Fc）改造；③抗体亚类重构；④构建抗体-药物偶联物（ADC）；⑤基于单链可变区片段（scFv）的嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）；⑥双特异性抗体（bsAb）。过去几十年来全球在修饰型治疗性抗体的领域取得了许多成就，中国作为对于生物治疗药物需求巨大并且拥有巨大研发潜力的国家在该领域亦发挥了积极作用。本文概括了修饰型治疗性抗体在当前国际研究中取得的进展，并在单独的章节中重点介绍了中国在该领域取得的成果。

关键词： 治疗性抗体     抗体修饰     疗效     抗原     抗体-药物偶联物     双特异性抗体    

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高精度太赫兹异频回溯天线阵列 Correspondence

Zhong-bo ZHU, Wei-dong HU, Tao QIN, Sheng LI, Xiao-jun LI, Jiang-jie ZENG, Xian-qi LIN, Leo P. LIGTHART

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第21卷 第3期   页码 377-383 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900581

摘要： 未来通信系统将工作于更高频率，并提供更高传输速率。频率提升将导致难以提供区域宽波束覆盖，因此灵活捷变的波束跟踪将成为技术发展的必然趋势。本文报道的太赫兹波束回溯天线阵列可为灵活捷变的波束跟踪提供良好解决方案。该天线阵列接收40 GHz的导频信号，回溯波束传输的信号是120 GHz。仿真结果表明文中所述具有三明治堆叠结构的天线阵列可成功实现入射波的回溯功能。天线辐射方向图显示该天线阵列在20°入射波条件下，其回溯波束在19.9°位置处，增益为23.87 dB，回溯方向相对误差仅为0.5%。这意味着在5 km传输距离下，水平误差仅为8.7 m。

关键词： 太赫兹；回溯天线阵列；太赫兹通信；共轭混频    

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Antibodies Targeting a Conserved Surface Polysaccharide Are Protective Against a Wide Range of Microbial Pathogens Producing β-1–6-Linked Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine (PNAG)

Xi Lu,Guoqing Li,Jing Pang,Xinyi Yang,Colette Cywes-Bentley,Xuefu You,Gerald B. Pier,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.012

摘要： The β-1–6-linked poly-N-acetylglucosamine (PNAG) polymer is a conserved surface polysaccharide produced by many bacteria, fungi, and protozoan (and even filarial) parasites. This wide-ranging expression makes PNAG an attractive target for vaccine development, as it potentially encompasses a broad range of microorganisms. Significant progress has been made in discovering important properties of the biology of PNAG expression in recent years. The molecular characterization and regulation of operons for the production of PNAG biosynthetic proteins and enzymes have been studied in many bacteria. In addition, the physiological function of PNAG has been further elucidated. PNAG-based vaccines and PNAG-targeting antibodies have shown great efficacy in preclinical research. Furthermore, clinical tests for both vaccines and antibodies have been carried out in humans and economically important animals, and the results are promising. Although it is not destined to be a smooth road, we are optimistic about new vaccines and immunotherapeutics targeting PNAG becoming validated and eventually licensed for clinical use against multiple infectious agents.

关键词： Poly-     N     -acetylglucosamine     Conjugate vaccine     Monoclonal antibody    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Immunogenicity and protective immunity against otitis media caused by pneumococcus in mice of Hib conjugate

null

期刊论文

An invariant descriptor for conjugate forced convection-conduction cooling of 3D protruding heaters in

Thiago ANTONINI ALVES,Paulo H. D. SANTOS,Murilo A. BARBUR

期刊论文

Invading target cells: multifunctional polymer conjugates as therapeutic nucleic acid carriers

Ulrich L?CHELT, Ernst WAGNER

期刊论文

Numerical investigation of the effectiveness of effusion cooling for plane multi-layer systems with different base-materials

Dieter BOHN, Robert KREWINKEL

期刊论文

Kinetics of enhanced adsorption by polarization for organic pollutants on activated carbon fiber

HAN Yanhe, QUAN Xie, ZHAO Huimin, CHEN Shuo, ZHAO Yazhi

期刊论文

Research on transmission principle and kinematics analysis for involute spherical gear

PAN Cun-yun, WEN Xi-sen, YANG Kun-yu, XU Xiao-jun, LIU Min, YAO Qi-shui

期刊论文

吖啶– 核定位序列偶联构建的高活性抗菌肽

Wei Zhang,Xiaoli Yang,Jingjing Song,Xin Zheng,Jianbo Chen,Panpan Ma,Bangzhi Zhang,Rui Wang

期刊论文

提升疗效的修饰型治疗性抗体国内外研究进展

戴济民, 张雪芹, 戴竞耀, 杨向民, 陈志南

期刊论文

高精度太赫兹异频回溯天线阵列

Zhong-bo ZHU, Wei-dong HU, Tao QIN, Sheng LI, Xiao-jun LI, Jiang-jie ZENG, Xian-qi LIN, Leo P. LIGTHART

期刊论文

Antibodies Targeting a Conserved Surface Polysaccharide Are Protective Against a Wide Range of Microbial Pathogens Producing β-1–6-Linked Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine (PNAG)

Xi Lu,Guoqing Li,Jing Pang,Xinyi Yang,Colette Cywes-Bentley,Xuefu You,Gerald B. Pier,

期刊论文

Mark Pargram：癌症药物中的抗体药物偶联物发展（2019年9月18日）

2021年08月12日

会议视频