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对下一代坦克火力系统发展的思考

孟慎非

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第6期页码 12-15

摘要：

主战坦克仍将是21世纪陆军作战中的主要武器装备之一。根据对当前局势及装甲火力技术背景的分析，世界下一代坦克火力系统技术将在激烈抗争的严峻态势下寻求新的发展，各军事大国都将在对现役装备技术实施挖潜改造的同时，积极探索高新技术支持下火力技术发展的新途径。建议我国在加强基础技术、总体概念、新型机理及结构设计预先研究上做好发展起步工作。

关键词：坦克火力系统发展建议

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Vaccine therapies for chronic hepatitis B: can we go further?

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 17-23 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0313-7

摘要：

Chronic hepatitis B is a major health burden worldwide. In addition to the recent progress in antiviral treatment, therapeutic vaccination is a promising new strategy for the control of chronic hepatitis B. On the basis of the major specific and non-specific immune dysregulations and defects in chronic hepatitis B patients, this paper presents the peptide and protein-based, DNA-based, cell-based, and antigen-antibody-based therapeutic vaccines, which have undergone clinical trials. The advantages, disadvantages, and future perspectives for these therapeutic vaccines are discussed.

关键词： chronic hepatitis B therapeutic antigen-antibody complexes DNA vaccine

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A Further Discussion on Trends in the Development of Advanced Manufacturing Technology

YANG Shu-zi, WU Bo, LI Bin

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第1期页码 1-5 doi: 10.1007/s11465-005-0002-y

摘要：

This paper is a supplement to Trends in the Development of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (Yang and Wu in Chin. J. Mech. Eng., 39: 73, 2003) but delves deeper into it. It first points out the strategic status of manufacturing industry in state development. Then, a detailed analysis is given on the features and trends in the development of advanced manufacturing technology in a total of 12 points from three aspects: precision, extreme, and culture from the aspect of the product itself; green, rapidness, saving, and efficiency during the manufacturing process; and digit, auto, integration, networking, and intelligence in view of the manufacturing method. In addition, it emphasizes that all the above aspects should be based on two base points: manufacture and machinery. Finally, it puts forth the guiding ideologies for the development of advanced manufacturing technology and the aspects China should give priority to in development, while stressing on the principles of independence, innovation and human orientation.

关键词： Development development integration networking orientation

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Validation of polymer-based nano-iron oxide in further phosphorus removal from bioeffluent: laboratory

Ming HUA, Lili XIAO, Bingcai PAN, Quanxing ZHANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 435-441 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0508-1

摘要： The efficient removal of phosphorous from water is an important but challenging task. In this study, we validated the applicability of a new commercially available nanocomposite adsorbent, i.e., a polymer-based hydrated ferric oxide nanocomposite (HFO-201), for the further removal of phosphorous from the bioeffluent discharged from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, and the operating parameters such as the flow rate, temperature and composition of the regenerants were optimized. Laboratory-scale results indicate that phosphorous in real bioeffluent can be effectively removed from 0.92 mg·L to<0.5 mg·L (or even<0.1 mg·L as desired) by the new adsorbent at a flow rate of 50 bed volume (BV) per hour and treatable volume of 3500–4000 BV per run. Phosphorous removal is independent of the ambient temperature in the range of 15°C–40°C. Moreover, the exhausted HFO-201 can be regenerated by a 2% NaOH+ 5% NaCl binary solution for repeated use without significant capacity loss. A scaled-up study further indicated that even though the initial total phosphorus (TP) was as high as 2 mg·L , it could be reduced to<0.5 mg·L , with a working capacity of 4.4–4.8 g·L HFO-201. In general, HFO-201 adsorption is a choice method for the efficient removal of phosphate from biotreated waste effluent.

关键词： bioeffluent phosphorus removal nanocomposite adsorbent hydrated ferric oxide

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Anlotinib as third- or further-line therapy for short-term relapsed small-cell lung cancer: subgroup

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 766-772 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0916-8

摘要： Patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) relapse within months after completing previous therapies. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib as third- or further-line therapy in patients with short-term relapsed SCLC from ALTER1202. Patients with short-term relapsed SCLC (disease progression within 3 months after completing ≥ two lines of chemotherapy) in the anlotinib (n = 67) and placebo (n = 34) groups were analyzed. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary endpoints included overall survival, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate, and safety. Anlotinib significantly improved median PFS/OS (4.0 vs. 0.7 months, P < 0.0001)/(7.3 vs. 4.4 months, P = 0.006) compared with placebo. The ORR was 4.5%/2.9% in the anlotinib/placebo group (P = 1.000). The DCR in the anlotinib group was higher than that in the placebo group (73.1% vs. 11.8%, P < 0.001). The most common adverse events (AEs) were hypertension (38.8%), loss of appetite (28.4%), and fatigue (22.4%) in the anlotinib group and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase elevation (20.6%) in the placebo group. No grade 5 AEs occurred. For patients with short-term relapsed SCLC, third- or further-line anlotinib treatment was associated with improved survival benefit. Further studies are warranted in this regard.

关键词： anlotinib chemotherapy short-term relapsed small-cell lung cancer

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Treatment of gingival hyperplasia induced by cyclosporine A

MA Jingzhi, LI Ming, CAO Yingguang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 290-294 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0055-5

摘要： The clinical therapy for cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced gingival hyperplasia (GH) and the pathological changes in hyperplastic gingival tissues were investigated. Nine cases of CsA-induced GH after renal transplantation were subjected to periodontal non-surgical treatment and surgical treatment and were followed up. Gingival index (GI), dental plaque index (PLI) and GH degree (GHD) at different time points were measured. Under light and electron microscopy, the pathological changes in hyperplastic gingival tissues were observed. The CsA concentrations in gingival tissues and blood were determined by using fluorescence polarization immunoassay with TDFL monoclonal antibody. The results showed that GI, PLI and GHD in patients with GH declined after periodontal treatment. Two patients suffered from different degrees of GH during the 6 months to 54 months post-transplantation. Under transmission electron microscopy, fibroblasts in the hyperplastic gingival tissues were enlarged, cytoplasmic rough endoplasmic reticula were abundant and expanded slightly, and a few fibroblasts with early apoptotic changes were seen. The concentrations of CsA in hyperplastic gingival tissues were from 351.00 to 1345.47 ng/mL, which were significantly higher than in the blood of the same patients taken at the same time points. It was concluded that GI and PLI declined after periodontal treatment in combination with surgical treatment in patients taking CsA for a long time, but in some patients, GH recurred. The fact that the concentration of CsA in hyperplastic gingival tissues is higher than in blood awaits further studies.

关键词： post-transplantation Gingival cytoplasmic CsA-induced further

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渤海海峡通道建设中需要进一步思考的几个问题

洪开荣

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第12期页码 80-84

摘要：

渤海海峡通道对于推动环渤海经济区，乃至我国东部的高层次发展具有重大作用，是一项战略性工程。本文基于老铁山水道段采用隧道方式修建的共识，进一步论证了整个通道的修建方式、工程纵断面、施工工法的选择与工程的整体筹划，提出了渤海海峡通道以全隧道方式、考虑填海造地的两地下站布局，采用敞开式tunnel boring machine（TBM）为主、钻爆法为辅的配套修建技术与工法。

关键词：海峡隧道施工方法施工筹划竖井布置

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Effects of Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel on combustion and emissions of direct injection diesel engine

HUANG Yongcheng, WANG Shangxue, ZHOU Longbao

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 261-267 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0062-x

摘要： Effects of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel fuel on the combustion and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine under different fuel delivery advance angles were investigated. The experimental results show that F-T diesel fuel exhibits shorter ignition delay, lower peak values of premixed burning rate, lower combustion pressure and pressure rise rate, and higher peak value of diffusion burning rate than conventional diesel fuel when the engine remains unmodified. In addition, the unmodified engine with F-T diesel fuel has lower brake specific fuel consumption and higher effective thermal efficiency, and presents lower HC, CO, NO and smoke emissions than conventional diesel fuel. When fuel delivery advance angle is retarded by 3 crank angle degrees, the combustion duration is obviously shortened; the peak values of premixed burning rate, the combustion pressure and pressure rise rate are further reduced; and the peak value of diffusion burning rate is further increased for F-T diesel fuel operation. Moreover, the retardation of fuel delivery advance angle results in a further significant reduction in NO emissions with no penalty on specific fuel consumption and with much less penalty on HC, CO and smoke emissions.

关键词： combustion pressure further HC operation single-cylinder

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Association of the genetic polymorphism of EPHX1 and EPHX2 with the susceptibility to chronic benzene poisoning

SUN Pin, ZHANG Zhongbin, WU Fen, WAN Junxiang, JIN Xibeng, XIA Zhaolin

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第3期页码 320-326 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0062-y

摘要： The aim of this study was to explore the association of the genetic polymorphism of and with the susceptibility to chronic benzene poisoning (CBP). A case-control study of 268 patients with CBP and 268 healthy workers matched by age and sex, all of whom were occupationally exposed to benzene, was conducted. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs, rs2854451, rs3738047, rs2234922 and rs1051741) of gene and the SNP (rs751141) of gene were tested by the TaqMan PCR method. In the subjects carrying the genotype of rs3738047 GG, the risk of CBP was decreased in the individuals simultaneously carrying rs2234922 G ( = 0.02). Alternatively, in the subjects carrying the genotype of rs2234922 AA, the risk of CBP was increased in the individuals simultaneously carrying the allele of rs751141A ( = 0.03). It was also found that there were potential interactions between alcohol consumption and the polymorphism of rs1051741 ( = 5.28, = 0.02) or rs2234922 (= 6.71, = 0.01). Compared to individuals with rs1051741 CC or rs2234922 AA genotype in the drinkers, the risk of CBP in those carrying genotypes of rs1051741 CT+TT or rs2234922 AG+GG was decreased, respectively ( = 0.04, 〈0.01). Haplotype analysis of polymorphisms in showed that the risk of CBP was increased in the subjects with haplotype 2 (rs2854451-A, rs3738047-G, rs2234922-A, rs1051741-C) or haplotype 4 (rs2854451-G, rs3738047-A, rs2234922-G, rs1051741-T), but decreased in those with haplotype 6 (rs2854451-G, rs3738047-G, rs2234922-G, rs1051741-T) or haplotype 10 (rs2854451-A, rs3738047-A, rs2234922-G, rs1051741-T), respectively. Logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking might play a role in modifying the risk of CBP (OR = 0.313, 95% CI: 0.123 0.794, = 0.015). The genetic polymorphism in may be associated with the risk of CBP in the Chinese occupational population and further research is needed for the association between the genetic polymorphism in and the susceptibility to CBP.

关键词： case-control rs2854451 regression analysis haplotype further research