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Effectiveness of lifestyle intervention for hypertension in Shanghai communities: Results from the Shanghai

Xin-Jian LI MD, Min-Na CHENG MPH, Yu-Heng WANG MD, Sun MIAO MPH, Zong-Qi ZHANG PhD, Yi-Sheng CHEN MD, Wei LU PhD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 67-70 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0023-8

摘要： A community-based multi-center randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of blood pressure control for hypertension patients in communities in urban Shanghai by integrated intervention. At present, patients (=1395) from four communities have completed follow-up for one year, including the intervention group (=921) and usual care group (=474). The intervention programs included disease management by a care manager. Blood pressure of each patient was measured regularly. Compared with the control group, the net change of mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was −6.75 (95% CI: −7.79 to −5.71, <0.001) mmHg, mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was −4.29 (95% CI: −5.08 to −3.49, <0.001) mmHg, and mean pulse pressure (PP) was −2.46 (95% CI: −3.50 to −1.43, <0.001) mmHg in the intervention group. The net change extent was larger in patients with regular pharmacological treatment than in those with irregular pharmacological treatment or non-pharmacological treatment. The measures of integrated intervention for hypertension patients in communities can lower significantly not only SBP and DBP, but also PP. It is suggested that measures of integrated intervention can decrease the risk of cardiovascular diseases in hypertension patients.

关键词： hypertension community pharmacological adherence control of blood pressure

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Attitude toward preventive counseling and healthy practices among medical students at a Colombian university

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第2期页码 251-259 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0393-z

摘要：

Unhealthy behaviors of medical students influence their attitudes toward preventive counseling. The burden of chronic diseases is continually growing in developing countries, emphasizing the need for the increased role of general practitioners in preventive counseling. The objective of this study was to describe the effect of medical training on the risk profiles and attitudes of medical students toward preventive counseling in a Colombian university. Students in their first and fifth years of training were surveyed using the “Healthy Doctor= Healthy Patient” questionnaire to assess counseling attitudes; personal practices, such as risky drinking, smoking, inadequate nutrition, and non-compliance with physical activity recommendations; and the university environment. The association among these components was estimated, as well as the effect of the university environment. Risky drinking and smoking decreased from first to fifth year (59.3% vs. 37.1%, P = 0.021 and 31.5% vs. 25.9%, P = 0.51, respectively), whereas inadequate nutrition and non-compliance with physical activity recommendations increased. Physical activity (PA) was associated with positive counseling attitude (ORs: nutrition 7.6; alcohol 5.2; PA 10.6). Areas governed by institutional policies that are emphasized in the curriculum positively affected student practices. PA promoted preventive counseling and healthy lifestyles most effectively. Universities should therefore strengthen their preventive medicine curricula and modify social determinants.

关键词： lifestyle medical students preventive medicine counseling universities schools medical

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我国建筑节能战略研究

江亿

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第6期页码 30-38

摘要：

给出了我国建筑运行能耗现状，并按照北方城镇建筑采暖、长江流域住宅采暖、住宅用能、非住宅建筑用能以及农村民用建筑用能的分类方法，分别分析了各类建筑能耗的特点、问题和节能的主要途径，同时对比了发达国家同类建筑用能与我国的差别。在基于数据和实际现象的分析的基础上，提出我国建筑能耗显著低于发达国家的主要原因是由于不同的生活方式和建筑使用模式所致，而维持目前这种相对节约的建筑使用方式与生活模式是实现我国建筑节能目标的基础。不同的生活方式和建筑使用方式需要不同的技术措施去实现节能，因此我国一定要采用与发达国家不同的技术途径来实现建筑节能目标。

关键词：建筑用能中国能源政策生活方式和能耗

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Soy food consumption in relation to breast cancer modified by menopause status

YANG Rong, ZHANG Bin, YANG Shaoping, ZHANG Dan, DU Yukai

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 348-351 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0066-2

摘要： It has been found that lifestyle and diet are associated with the development of cancers. The mortality of breast cancer in Wuhan city is increasing, according to the statistics of recent years. This case control study was aimed to provide data for alimentary therapeutics for breast carcinomas. It included a case group ( = 196) and an age frequency-matched control group ( = 202). A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to obtain information on usual food consumption. The results indicate that intake of soy foods more than 5 times per week was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer, especially in premenopausal women. The adjusted was 0.294 [95% CI was (0.158–0.546), = 0.000]. Our results indicate that alimentary therapeutics for breast cancer can be adjusted by status of menopause.

关键词： development control lifestyle consumption information

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Perfluoroalkane acids in human milk under the global monitoring plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (2008–2019)

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1541-8

摘要：

● Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid highest in human milk.

关键词： Human biomonitoring Human breast milk LC-MS/MS analysis Lifestyle parameters

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Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Shengyuan ZHANG, Xiu YANG, Yi JIANG, Qingpeng WEI,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第1期页码 2-21 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0023-z

摘要： Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.

关键词： building energy use lifestyle and technology residential building commercial building rural building

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糖尿病前期成年人综合健康生活方式与糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症和死亡的关联——中美英四队列研究 Article

涂周正, 卢琪, 张言博, 舒哲, 赖雨薇, 马梦男, 夏鹏飞, 耿婷婷, 陈俊祥, 李越, 吴林晶, 欧阳静, 戎志, 丁雄, 韩旭, 陈朔华, 何美安, 张晓敏, 刘烈刚, 邬堂春, 吴寿岭, 刘刚, 潘安

《工程（英文）》 2023年第22卷第3期页码 141-148 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.010

摘要：

在糖尿病前期人群中，采取健康的生活方式可以有效预防糖尿病的发生。然而，健康生活方式与心血管疾病（cardiovascular disease, CVD）、癌症和死亡的长期风险之间的关联尚不清晰。本文旨在探究糖尿病前期人群中综合健康生活方式与上述多种健康结局之间的关联。本研究纳入的121 254 名糖尿病前期研究对象来自以下4 个前瞻性队列，包括中国的东风-同济（Dongfeng-Tongji, DFTJ）队列和开滦研究，英国生物银行（UK Biobank, UKB）和美国的国家健康与营养调查（National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES；仅用于死亡分析）。随访期间，共诊断了18 333 例新发糖尿病病例、10 829 例新发心血管疾病病例、6926 例新发癌症病例和9877 例全因死亡。本文基于5 个因素（从不吸烟或戒烟超过10 年、适量饮酒、充足的体力活动、健康膳食和理想的腰围）构建综合健康生活方式评分。各因素均被分为健康水平（赋1 分）和不健康水平（赋0 分），评分的加和为综合健康生活方式评分（0~5 分）。首先，采用Cox比例风险回归模型计算每个队列中综合健康生活方式评分与健康结局之间的关联；然后，通过随机效应模型的荟萃分析合并各独立队列结果的多变量校正的风险比（hazard ratio, HR）和95% 置信区间（confidence interval, CI）。与生活方式最不健康（评分为0~1 分）的研究对象相比，生活方式最健康（评分为4~5 分）的研究对象具有更低的糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症和死亡风险，合并的HR（95% CI）分别为0.57（0.48~0.69）、0.67（0.62~0.73）、0.80（0.73~0.88）和0.54（0.42~0.70）。根据研究对象的基线人口学特征和代谢健康状况进行亚组分析的结果也与主要分析的结果一致。总而言之，本研究对来自三个国家的4个队列的合并分析表明，在糖尿病前期人群中，坚持更健康的生活方式与糖尿病及主要并发症的发生风险降低有关。本研究的发现为临床指南和公共卫生政策提供了可靠证据。

关键词：糖尿病前期生活方式糖尿病心血管疾病癌症死亡