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An overview of the reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 531-544 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0167-z

摘要： Power grids deliver energy, and telecommunication networks transmit information. These two facilities are critical to human society. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive overview of the development of reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks. The main purpose of this review is to promote and support the formulation of communication network reliability metrics with reference to the development of power grid reliability. We classify the metrics of power grid into the reliability of power distribution and generation/transmission and the metrics of telecommunication network into connectivity-based, performance-based, and state-based metrics. Then, we exhibit and discuss the difference between the situations of the reliability metrics of the two systems. To conclude this study, we conceive a few topics for future research and development for telecommunication network reliability metrics.

关键词： reliability     metrics     power grids     telecommunication networks    

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A comprehensive overview of rural solid waste management in China

Chao ZENG,Dongjie NIU,Youcai ZHAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第6期   页码 949-961 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0816-8

摘要： This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive review of rural solid waste (RSW) in terms of characteristics, management and legislation. Survey results show that RSW generation rates range from 0.25 to 2.1 kg·(capita·d) in different rural villages across regions of China. Total RSW generation has been increasing, which is far higher than official data in 2014. RSW are dominated by food residue and coal ash/cinder/dust (at approximately 70%). Most of RSW are still discarded randomly without any treatment in China. Scattered RSW generation sources, imperfect legislation system, poor infrastructure on treatment and disposal are identified as the biggest challenge for RSW management currently in China. To improve RSW management, increasing financial resources, establishing sorting collection and transportation network, promoting sorting collection and recycling, improving treatment technology are proposed as the possible solution.

关键词： rural solid waste     characteristics     management     legislation     China    

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Biological hydrogen production from organic wastewater by dark fermentation in China: Overview and prospects

Nanqi REN, Wanqian GUO, Bingfeng LIU, Guangli CAO, Jing TANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 375-379 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0148-7

摘要： Biological hydrogen production by dark fermentation is an important part of biological hydrogen production technologies. China is a typical developing country that heavily relies on fossil fuels; thus, new, clean, and sustainable energy development turns quite urgent. It is delightful that Chinese government has already drawn up several H2 development policies since 1990s and provided financial aid to launch some H development projects. In this paper, the research status on dark fermentative hydrogen production in China was summarized and analyzed. Subsequently, several new findings and achievements, with some of which transformed into scale-up tests, were highlighted. Moreover, some prospecting coupling processes with dark fermentation of hydrogen production were also proposed to attract more research interests in the future.

关键词： biological hydrogen production     dark fermentation     overview     prospects    

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An overview and recent advances in electrocatalysts for direct seawater splitting

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期   页码 1408-1426 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2102-6

摘要： In comparison to pure water, seawater is widely accepted as an unlimited resource. The direct seawater splitting is economical and eco-friendly, but the key challenges in seawater, especially the chlorine-related competing reactions at the anode, seriously hamper its practical application. The development of earth-abundant electrocatalysts toward direct seawater splitting has emerged as a promising strategy. Highly efficient electrocatalysts with improved selectivity and stability are of significance in preventing the interference of side reactions and resisting various impurities. This review first discusses the macroscopic understanding of direct seawater electrolysis and then focuses on the strategies for rational design of electrocatalysts toward direct seawater splitting. The perspectives of improved electrocatalysts to solve emerging challenges and further development of direct seawater splitting are also provided.

关键词： seawater splitting     electrocatalysts     oxygen evolution reaction     hydrogen evolution reaction     chlorine chemistry    

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Cell therapy for the treatment of reproductive diseases and infertility: an overview from the mechanism

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 827-858 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0948-8

摘要： Infertility is experienced by 8%–12% of adults in their reproductive period globally and has become a prevalent concern. Besides routine therapeutic methods, stem cells are rapidly being examined as viable alternative therapies in regenerative medicine and translational investigation. Remarkable progress has been made in understanding the biology and purpose of stem cells. The affected pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are further studied for their possible use in reproductive medicine, particularly for infertility induced by premature ovarian insufficiency and azoospermia. Accordingly, this study discusses current developments in the use of some kinds of MSCs such as adipose-derived stem cells, bone marrow stromal cells, umbilical cord MSCs, and menstrual blood MSCs. These methods have been used to manage ovarian and uterine disorders, and each technique presents a novel method for the therapy of infertility.

关键词： infertility     stem cell therapy     mesenchymal stem cells     pluripotent stem cells    

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Steps of fronts in chemical engineering: An overview of the publications of FCSE

Xiaowen Zhu, Yaodong Huang, Jing-Kang Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 593-597 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1789-5

摘要：
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Underground logistics systems: Development overview and new prospects in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 354-359 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0252-6

摘要： Underground logistics systems: Development overview and new prospects in China

关键词： China    

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δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1414-6

摘要：

• Challenges in sampling of NH3 sources for d15N analysis are highlighted.

关键词： Aerosol ammonium     Atmospheric gaseous ammonia     Isotope fingerprinting     Isotope-based source apportionment     Ammonia gas-to-particle conversion    

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Innovative development path of ethnomedicines: an overview of ethnomedicines in China

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 166-177 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0448-9

摘要：

In the long history of disease prevention and treatment, ancestral populations worldwide have gained knowledge and experiences in traditional medicines. For instance, ethnomedicines of Chinese ethnic minorities constitute an important part of traditional medicines. In our study, we firstly clarified the concept of ethnomedicines and the connotations of ethnopharmacology. The particularity of ethnomedicine research were then summed up, and the development profiles of the ethnomedicines of Chinese ethnic minorities were discussed by investigating the current status and existing problems. On this basis, we abstracted the innovative development path of ethnomedicines for the first time, which was found to follows:resource study → standardized development research → industrialization of the achievements and efforts for internationalization. We found that platform establishment and team training are keys to achieving innovative development. Hence, this study provided a basis for ethnomedicine development.

关键词： traditional medicines     ethnomedicines     Chinese ethnic minorities     ethnopharmacology     research mode     innovative development path    

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SMRs – overview, international developments, safety features and the GRS simulation chain

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 793-809 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0751-2

摘要： The Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH as the main technical support organization for the German Federal Government in nuclear safety has been dealing with small modular reactors (SMRs) for about one decade since SMRs are one interesting option for new builds in most countries worldwide which continue to use nuclear energy for commercial electricity production. Currently four different SMR designs are in operation, four in construction, one is licensed, and further 12 are in a licensing process. In this paper, definitions, history, and current developments of SMRs are presented. Subsequently, selected trends of SMR development such as factory fabrication and transport, compactness and modularity, core design, improved core cooling, exclusion of accidents, features for preventing and limiting the impact of severe accidents, economic viability, competitiveness and licensing are discussed. Modeling gaps of the GRS simulation chain programs with a view to applications in nuclear licensing procedures are identified and a strategy for closing these gaps is presented. Finally, selected work on the extension and improvement of the simulation chain and first generic test analyses are presented.

关键词： small modular reactors (SMRs)     history     recent developments     safety aspects     simulation chain of the Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS)    

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Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 213-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0631-2

摘要： Cholera is a secretory diarrhoeal disease caused by infection with , primarily the O1 El Tor biotype. There are approximately 2.9 million cases in 69 endemic countries annually, resulting in 95 000 deaths. Cholera is associated with poor infrastructure and lack of access to sanitation and clean drinking water. The current cholera epidemic in Yemen, linked to spread of O1 (Ogawa serotype), is associated with the ongoing war. This has devastated infrastructure and health services. The World Health Organization had estimated that 172 286 suspected cases arose between 27th April and 19th June 2017, including 1170 deaths. While there are three oral cholera vaccines prequalified by the World Health Organization, there are issues surrounding vaccination campaigns in conflict situations, exacerbated by external factors such as a global vaccine shortage. Major movements of people complicates surveillance and administration of double doses of vaccines. Cholera therapy mainly depends on rehydration, with use of antibiotics in more severe infections. Concerns have arisen about the rise of antibiotic resistance in cholera, due to mobile genetic elements. In this review, we give an overview of cholera epidemiology, virulence, antibiotic resistance, therapy and vaccines, in the light of the ongoing epidemic in Yemen.

关键词： cholera     epidemic     multi-drug resistant     catechin     luteolin     ToxT     CTX&Fcy    

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An overview of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of bridge decks

Teng WU, Ahsan KAREEM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 335-347 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0179-1

摘要： A brief overview of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of circular cylinders is first given as most of VIV studies have been focused on this particular bluff cross-section. A critical literature review of VIV of bridge decks that highlights physical mechanisms central to VIV from a renewed perspective is provided. The discussion focuses on VIV of bridge decks from wind-tunnel experiments, full-scale observations, semi-empirical models and computational fluids dynamics (CFD) perspectives. Finally, a recently developed reduced order model (ROM) based on truncated Volterra series is introduced to model VIV of long-span bridges. This model captures successfully salient features of VIV at “lock-in” and unlike most phenomenological models offers physical significance of the model kernels.

关键词： vortex-induced vibration (VIV)     Volterra series     bridge    

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An overview of selected topics in smart grids

S. Hari Charan CHERUKURI,Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 441-458 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0418-6

摘要： Smart technologies when used in the traditional grid infrastructure will provide a different environment and working conditions in the grid by bringing the required smartness into the grid, called the smart grid. The smart grid can play a major role in the upcoming days to come because there is a necessity to integrate coordinated renewable energy resources into the grid and to operate the grids at a higher efficiency considering many aspects including reliability of the supply. Apart from this, there is a necessity to manage the demand supply gap in the smart grid by optimally scheduling the generators or by effectively scheduling the demand side resources instead of going for the traditional methods like partial or full load shedding. This paper presents an overview on the present state-of-the-art of smart grid technologies and broadly classifies the papers referred into two major areas, papers based on improvement of operational efficiency in smart grids and papers based on smartness in maintaining the demand supply gap. Some of the papers projected in this work also give a brief overview of the necessity of the smart grid.

关键词： smart grid     demand side management     electric springs     operational efficiency    

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An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism for

LI Wei,HU Mengze

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 316-328 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0625-5

摘要： Considering the significant roles of the policies in developing environmental finance, an overview is conducted on the environmental finance policies (EFPs) in China. This paper analyzed the definition, scope, evolution and main instruments of EFPs. The implementation progress of financial activities on each instrument are investigated respectively. Then the experiences learned from and failures discovered in the development of the EFPs are discussed well recommendations for further improvement of the EFPs and their implementation are provided. Our study found that the EFPs have been established in China after a four-phase evolution since the early 1980s. The policies have played a critical role in leading to a rapid development in environmental finance by involving more financial instruments to accomplish the objective-led environmental plans. Driven by the policies, the new green credit (GC), green security (GS), and green insurance (GI) instruments have been phased in as supplements to the conventional command and control approaches to improve the environmental governance of financial activities and pollution sources. However, the market mechanism of financial institution is limited due to their defensive and incapable performance on implementation some of EFP instruments. To further strengthen the effectiveness of EFPs in facilitating environmental management, recommendations are made mainly on the aspects including developing more specific policy guidelines, enhancing information sharing and disclosure, providing sufficient economic incentives, establishing environmental liabilities with financial activities, and involving issues related to climate change, and biodiversity and ecosystem service.

关键词： environmental finance policy     integrated mechanism     phased evolution     implementation progress     financial institution     environmental management    

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Beamforming techniques for massive MIMO systems in 5G: overview, classification, and trends for future Review

Ehab ALI, Mahamod ISMAIL, Rosdiadee NORDIN, Nor Fadzilah ABDULAH

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第18卷 第6期   页码 753-772 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601817

摘要： 大规模天线与波束成形技术是下一代移动通信系统（5G）的关键技术。主要介绍了当前大规模天线系统中波束成形技术的发展现状，阐述了波束成形技术如何有效解决大规模天线系统实用化中的问题。此外，详细回顾了当前无线通信网络中波束成形的分类方法，以及无线通信系统中常用的波束成形技术。进一步从改善系统吞吐量与降低蜂窝间干扰的角度出发，通过分析与比对获得了大规模天线系统中的最优波束成形方案。同时，通过总结现有文献，明确了基于最优波束成形方案的大规模天线系统可以满足下一代无线通信系统的数据传输需求。

关键词： 波束成形；大规模天线；毫米波    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

An overview of the reliability metrics for power grids and telecommunication networks

期刊论文

A comprehensive overview of rural solid waste management in China

Chao ZENG,Dongjie NIU,Youcai ZHAO

期刊论文

Biological hydrogen production from organic wastewater by dark fermentation in China: Overview and prospects

Nanqi REN, Wanqian GUO, Bingfeng LIU, Guangli CAO, Jing TANG

期刊论文

An overview and recent advances in electrocatalysts for direct seawater splitting

期刊论文

Cell therapy for the treatment of reproductive diseases and infertility: an overview from the mechanism

期刊论文

Steps of fronts in chemical engineering: An overview of the publications of FCSE

Xiaowen Zhu, Yaodong Huang, Jing-Kang Wang

期刊论文

Underground logistics systems: Development overview and new prospects in China

期刊论文

δN-stable isotope analysis of NH: An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source

期刊论文

Innovative development path of ethnomedicines: an overview of ethnomedicines in China

null

期刊论文

SMRs – overview, international developments, safety features and the GRS simulation chain

期刊论文

Cholera: an overview with reference to the Yemen epidemic

Ali A. Rabaan

期刊论文

An overview of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of bridge decks

Teng WU, Ahsan KAREEM

期刊论文

An overview of selected topics in smart grids

S. Hari Charan CHERUKURI,Balasubramaniyan SARAVANAN

期刊论文

An overview of the environmental finance policies in China: retrofitting an integrated mechanism for

LI Wei,HU Mengze

期刊论文

Beamforming techniques for massive MIMO systems in 5G: overview, classification, and trends for future

Ehab ALI, Mahamod ISMAIL, Rosdiadee NORDIN, Nor Fadzilah ABDULAH

期刊论文