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Early T-cell precursor leukemia: a subtype of high risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 416-420 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0224-4

摘要：

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia includes T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In children, T-ALL usually has a worse prognosis than B-ALL, although childhood T-ALL prognoses have improved remarkably. The varying outcomes among T-ALL cases suggest that an unrecognized biological heterogeneity may contribute to chemo-resistance. Deep exploration of T-lymphocyte development in recent years has found a subgroup of patients with a phenotype that resembles early T-cell precursor, which confers a much poorer prognosis than any other form of T-ALL. This novel subtype of T-ALL was called early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ETP-ALL). Flow cytometry data from T-ALL patients enrolled in Shanghai Children’s Medical Center between July 2002 and October 2010 were assessed according to Dr. Campana’s protocol. Among total 89 T-ALL cases, 74 cases had enough immunophenotype data available to differentiate between ETP (CD1a-, CD8-, CD5dim, at least one marker of stem cell or myeloid lineage) and non-ETP. From these 74 subjects, 12 ETP-ALL cases (16.2%) were identified. The event-free survival (EFS) rate at 66.8 months was 11.1%±10.1% for ETP-ALL and 57.6%±5.6% for non-ETP-ALL (P=0.003). The overall survival rates were 13.3%±11.0% for ETP-ALL and 64.7%±6.3% for non-ETP-ALL (P=0.002). Our findings demonstrate that early T-cell precursor leukemia is a very high-risk subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with poor prognosis.

关键词： acute lymphoblastic leukemia     early T precursor     prognosis    

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The role of natriuretic peptide precursor A gene polymorphism in the development of coronary heart disease

Ripen NSENGA MD, Longxian CHENG PhD, Mei’an HE PhD, Tangchun WU PhD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 437-442 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0074-x

摘要： Natriuretic peptide precursor A (NPPA) is synthesized, stored, and released by atrial myocytes. Previous studies have shown that NPPA plays a significant role in the regulation of coronary circulation and in atherosclerosis. Rs5065 NPPA gene polymorphism leads to the translation of NPPA with two additional arginines and has been suggested to be associated with salt-sensitive hypertension. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the rs5065 NPPA gene polymorphism and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese Han population. We genotyped the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs5065 NPPA in the human NPPA gene in 1861 sex- and age-matched subjects, comprising of 904 CHD cases and 957 controls of Chinese Han population. Genotyping of SNP was performed with Taqman SNP allelic discrimination assays by means of an ABI 7900HT. Our study showed that the frequencies of rs5065 NPPA C allele in the case and the control groups were 0.012 and 0.005, respectively. There was significant difference in C allele frequency distribution between the two groups (OR=2.607, 95% CI: 1.197−5.678, =0.012). In the case group, there was significant difference between smokers and nonsmokers with subjects carrying C allele (=0.037), and no significant difference in gender, age, fasting total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure (BP) between the cases and the controls (>0.05). Our results suggest that the C allele of rs5065 NPPA gene polymorphism may be associated with the risk of CHD.

关键词： natriuretic peptide precursor A     coronary heart disease     gene polymorphism     allelic discrimination     polymorphism     single nucleotide    

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Carbon-coated lithium titanate: effect of carbon precursor addition processes on the electrochemical

Shilei Ding, Zelong Jiang, Jing Gu, Hongliang Zhang, Jiajia Cai, Dongdong Wang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 148-155 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2022-x

摘要： In this paper, two carbon-coated lithium titanate (LTO-C1 and LTO-C2) composites were synthesized using the ball-milling-assisted calcination method with different carbon precursor addition processes. The physical and electrochemical properties of the as-synthesized negative electrode materials were characterized to investigate the effects of two carbon-coated LTO synthesis processes on the electrochemical performance of LTO. The results show that the LTO-C2 synthesized by using Li CO and TiO as the raw materials and sucrose as the carbon source in a one-pot method has less polarization during lithium insertion and extraction, minimal charge transfer impedance value and the best electrochemical performance among all samples. At the current density of 300 mA·h·g , the LTO-C2 composite delivers a charge capacity of 126.9 mA·h·g , and the reversible capacity after 300 cycles exceeds 121.3 mA·h·g in the voltage range of 1.0–3.0 V. Furthermore, the electrochemical impedance spectra show that LTO-C2 has higher electronic conductivity and lithium diffusion coefficient, which indicates the advantages in electrode kinetics over LTO and LTO-C1. The results clarify the best electrochemical properties of the carbon-coated LTO-C2 composite prepared by the one-pot method.

关键词： lithium titanate     carbon-coated     carbon precursor     synthetic process    

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Particle formation of hydroxyapatite precursor containing two components in a spray pyrolysis process

W. Widiyastuti, Adhi Setiawan, Sugeng Winardi, Tantular Nurtono, Heru Setyawan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 104-113 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1406-1

摘要： The particle formation mechanism of hydroxyapatite precursor containing two components, Ca(OOCCH ) and (NH ) HPO with a ratio of Ca/P= 1.67, in a spray pyrolysis process has been studied by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation on the transfer of heat and mass from droplets to the surrounding media. The focus included the evaporation of the solvent in the droplets, a second evaporation due to crust formation, the decomposition reaction of each component of the precursor, and a solid-state reaction that included the kinetic parameters of the precursor regarding its two components that formed the hydroxyapatite product. The rate of evaporation and the reacted fraction of the precursor both increased with temperature. The predicted average size of the hydroxyapatite particles agreed well with the experimental results. Therefore, the selected models were also suitable for predicting the average size of particles that contain two components in the precursor solution.

关键词： droplet     hydroxyapatite particle     CFD     tubular furnace     spray pyrolysis    

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Emerging molecular subtypes and therapeutic targets in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Jianfeng Li, Yuting Dai, Liang Wu, Ming Zhang, Wen Ouyang, Jinyan Huang, Saijuan Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 347-371 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0821-6

摘要： B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) is characterized by genetic alterations with high heterogeneity. Precise subtypes with distinct genomic and/or gene expression patterns have been recently revealed using high-throughput sequencing technology. Most of these profiles are associated with recurrent non-overlapping rearrangements or hotspot point mutations that are analogous to the established subtypes, such as rearrangements, rearrangements, rearrangements, rearrangements, / and/or rearrangements, like gene expression, PAX5alt (diverse alterations, including rearrangements, intragenic amplifications, or mutations), and hotspot mutations PAX5 (p.Pro80Arg) with biallelic alterations, IKZF1 (p.Asn159Tyr), and ZEB2 (p.His1038Arg). These molecular subtypes could be classified by gene expression patterns with RNA-seq technology. Refined molecular classification greatly improved the treatment strategy. Multiagent therapy regimens, including target inhibitors (e.g., imatinib), immunomodulators, monoclonal antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy, are transforming the clinical practice from chemotherapy drugs to personalized medicine in the field of risk-directed disease management. We provide an update on our knowledge of emerging molecular subtypes and therapeutic targets in BCP-ALL.

关键词： BCP-ALL     subtypes     translocation     aneuploidy     sequence mutations    

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Hydrothermal synthesis of crystalline α-/β-MnO2 nanorods via γ-MnOOH nanorod precursors

ZHANG Weixin, REN Xiangbin, YANG Zeheng, WANG Hua, WANG Qiang, HUANG Fei

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 365-371 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0066-9

摘要： The crystalline -MnO and -MnO nanorods have been successfully prepared via a facile hydrothermal method from -MnOOH nanorods precursor, respectively. The samples were characterized by means of X-ray diff raction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and Fourier transformed infrared spectra (FTIR). The morphology and structure of -MnOOH nanorods precursors have a great influence on the crystal structure of the obtained products. The -MnO nanorods are prepared from the 100°C -MnOOH precursor, while the -MnO nanorods are obtained from the 150°C -MnOOH precursor, respectively. Besides, the catalytic activity of the prepared -MnO and -MnO nanorods for the HO decomposition has been investigated comparatively, and the latter shows better catalytic activity.

关键词： obtained     -MnOOH precursor     Besides     high-resolution transmission     precursor    

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Precursor-driven structural tailoring of iron oxychloride for enhanced heterogeneous Fenton activity

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1533-1543 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2330-z

摘要： Iron oxychloride (FeOCl) is a unique layered material with tunable electronic properties. The conventional synthetic route of chemical vapor transition involves a thermodynamics-driven gas–solid interfacial reaction which often generates macroscopic crystals with stable facets. In this study, through analyzing the effects of the synthetic parameters on the FeOCl synthesis, we discovered the dominant contribution of the α-Fe2O3 precursors on the chemical property of the FeOCl product, and subsequently developed a highly-controllable synthetic route of tailoring the FeOCl structures into small sizes and exposed high-energy facets via a facile and scalable mechanical-chemical approach. The synthesized products could be systematically tuned by the ball-milling conditions of the α-Fe2O3 precursors. With increased milling time, the FeOCl crystallites demonstrated reduced sizes and more exposed (110) facets. Intriguingly, these small-sized FeOCl catalysts exhibited much faster Fenton-like kinetics than the pristine macroscopic FeOCl materials. Specifically, FeOCl catalysts with a 12-hour milling time showed nearly 39 times higher efficiency toward phenol degradation than the pristine FeOCl. The structure-reactivity relationship was further elucidated using the combinatory analysis via density functional theory calculation, electron paramagnetic resonance and radical quenching probe experiments. This work provides a rationale for tailoring the surface structures of FeOCl crystallites for potential applications in environmental catalysis.

关键词： FeOCl     mechanical activation     heterogeneous Fenton reaction     ball milling    

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Dielectric property of polyimide/barium titanate composites and its influence factors (II)

LIU Weidong, ZHU Baoku, XIE Shuhui, XU Zhikang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 417-421 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0078-0

摘要： Using poly(amic acid) (PAA) as a precursor followed by thermal imidization, the polyimide/barium titanate composite films were successfully prepared by a direct mixing method and in situ process. The influence of processing factors, such as particle size, distribution mode and polymerization method on dielectric properties was studied. Results revealed that the dielectric constant (?) of the composite film increased by using bigger fillers or employing in situ polymerization and bimodal distribution. When the composite film containing 50 Vol-% of BaTiO with size in 100 nm was prepared via in situ process, its dielectric constant reached 45 at 10 kHz.

关键词： thermal imidization     dielectric constant     particle     precursor     titanate composite    

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破坏性地震是可以预测的——孕震物理模型及临震信号

孙威

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第7期   页码 7-17

摘要：

讨论地震前兆有它自已的孕震物理模型，地震孕育全过程分为加载、相持、卸载、短临和临震５个阶段；多次震例证明，破坏性地震的孕震物理模型是会重复和再现的；提出了追踪地震前兆信息，循序渐进预报地震的分析方法，对地震预报的阶段性进行了实用性的划分，有希望实现对破坏性地震的预报。

关键词： 破坏性地震     孕震物理模型     临震信号     地震前兆    

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A reignited debate over the cell(s) of origin for glioblastoma and its clinical implications

Xiaolin Fan, Yanzhen Xiong, Yuan Wang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期   页码 531-539 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0700-1

摘要： Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary neoplasm in the central nervous system. Despite intensive treatment, the prognosis for patients with GBM remains poor, with a median survival of 14−16 months. 90% of GBMs are primary GBMs that are full-blown at diagnosis without evidences of a pre-existing less-malignant precursor lesion. Therefore, identification of the cell(s) of origin for GBM—the normal cell or cell type that acquires the initial GBM-promoting genetic hit(s)—is the key to the understanding of the disease etiology and the development of novel therapies. Neural stem cells and oligodendrocyte precursor cells are the two major candidates for the cell(s) of origin for GBM. Latest data from human samples have reignited the longstanding debate over which cells are the clinically more relevant origin for GBMs. By critically analyzing evidences for or against the candidacy of each cell type, we highlight the most recent progress and debate in the field, explore the clinical implications, and propose future directions toward early diagnosis and preventive treatment of GBMs.

关键词： glioblastoma     cell(s) of origin     neural stem cells     oligodendrocyte precursor cells     subventricular zone     early diagnosis    

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Distinct immune escape and microenvironment between RG-like and pri-OPC-like glioma revealed by single-cell RNA-seq analysis

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1017-7

摘要： The association of neurogenesis and gliogenesis with glioma remains unclear. By conducting single-cell RNA-seq analyses on 26 gliomas, we reported their classification into primitive oligodendrocyte precursor cell (pri-OPC)-like and radial glia (RG)-like tumors and validated it in a public cohort and TCGA glioma. The RG-like tumors exhibited wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase and tended to carry EGFR mutations, and the pri-OPC-like ones were prone to carrying TP53 mutations. Tumor subclones only in pri-OPC-like tumors showed substantially down-regulated MHC-I genes, suggesting their distinct immune evasion programs. Furthermore, the two subgroups appeared to extensively modulate glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes in distinct manners. Some specific genes not expressed in normal immune cells were found in glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes. For example, glial/glioma stem cell markers OLIG1/PTPRZ1 and B cell-specific receptors IGLC2/IGKC were expressed in pri-OPC-like and RG-like glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes, respectively. Their expression was positively correlated with those of immune checkpoint genes (e.g., LGALS3) and poor survivals as validated by the increased expression of LGALS3 upon IGKC overexpression in Jurkat cells. This finding indicated a potential inhibitory role in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and could provide a new way of cancer immune evasion.

关键词： single-cell RNA-seq     glioma     radial glia     primitive oligodendrocyte precursor cell     immune escape    

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Screening of textile finishing agents available on the Chinese market: An important source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the environment

Mehvish Mumtaz, Yixiang Bao, Wenchao Li, Lingxiao Kong, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1145-0

摘要： Kendrick mass defect was used for PFASs screening in textile finishing agents (TFAs). Total oxidizable precursor assay provides insight into unknown precursors. Perfluorooctane sulfonate was found as impurity in short ECF technology based TFAs. Perfluorooctanoate was also detected in C6 telomerization based TFAs. Long chain precursors were also observed in both types of TFAs. Organofluorinated surfactants are widely employed in textile finishing agents (TFAs) to achieve oil, water, and stain repellency. This has been regarded as an important emission source of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) to the environment. China is the biggest manufacturer of clothes, and thus TFA production is also a relevant industrial activity. Nevertheless, to date, no survey has been conducted on PFAS contents in commercially available TFAs. In the present study, TFA products were investigated by the Kendrick mass defect method. The quantification results demonstrated a significant presence of perfluorooctane sulfonate (0.37 mg/L) in TFAs manufactured by electrochemical fluorination technology. The products obtained by short-chain PFAS-based telomerization were dominated by perfluorooctanoic acid (mean concentration: 0.29 mg/L), whose values exceeded the limits stated in the European Chemical Agency guidelines (0.025 mg/L). Moreover, the total oxidizable precursor assay indicated high levels of indirectly quantified precursors with long alkyl chains (C7–C9). Together, these results suggest that there is currently a certain of environmental and health risks in China that originates from the utilization of TFAs, and a better manufacturing processes are required to reduce such risks.

关键词： Textile finishing agents     Kendrick mass defect     Total oxidizable precursor assay    

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汶川地震沙层应变的短临前兆

王玉莹,佟晓辉,孙晓明,孙威

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第6期   页码 146-152

摘要：

应用北京昌平及西集沙层应力仪观测资料，根据该仪器以往30 年所观测到的地震震例以及2004年12 月26 日印尼8.7 级地震的前兆特征；沙层应力仪记录的汶川8.0 级地震短临前兆过程，符合沙层应力仪多年监测实践总结出来的孕震物理模型，尤其是2008 年3 月开始出现的短临异常时间与形态的阶段性变化，临震异常特征明显，与卫星热红外等其他观测项目具有很好的时间同步性，属于汶川8.0 级地震大尺度前兆异常。

关键词： 汶川地震     沙层应力仪     沙层应力孕震物理模型     临震信号    

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Enhancement of the polynomial functions response surface model for real-time analyzing ozone sensitivity

Jiangbo Jin, Yun Zhu, Jicheng Jang, Shuxiao Wang, Jia Xing, Pen-Chi Chiang, Shaojia Fan, Shicheng Long

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1323-0

摘要： Abstract • The calculation process and algorithm of response surface model (RSM) were enhanced. • The prediction errors of RSM in the margin and transition areas were greatly reduced. • The enhanced RSM was able to analyze O3-NOx-VOC sensitivity in real-time. • The O3 formations were mainly sensitive to VOC, for the two case study regions. Quantification of the nonlinearities between ambient ozone (O3) and the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compound (VOC) is a prerequisite for an effective O3 control strategy. An Enhanced polynomial functions Response Surface Model (Epf-RSM) with the capability to analyze O3-NOx-VOC sensitivities in real time was developed by integrating the hill-climbing adaptive method into the optimized Extended Response Surface Model (ERSM) system. The Epf-RSM could single out the best suited polynomial function for each grid cell to quantify the responses of O3 concentrations to precursor emission changes. Several comparisons between Epf-RSM and pf-ERSM (polynomial functions based ERSM) were performed using out-of-sample validation, together with comparisons of the spatial distribution and the Empirical Kinetic Modeling Approach diagrams. The comparison results showed that Epf-RSM effectively addressed the drawbacks of pf-ERSM with respect to over-fitting in the margin areas and high biases in the transition areas. The O3 concentrations predicted by Epf-RSM agreed well with Community Multi-scale Air Quality simulation results. The case study results in the Pearl River Delta and the north-western area of the Shandong province indicated that the O3 formations in the central areas of both the regions were more sensitive to anthropogenic VOC in January, April, and October, while more NOx-sensitive in July.

关键词： Response surface model     Hill-climbing algorithm     Ozone pollution     Precursor emissions     Control strategy    

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印度洋8.7级与8.5级地震的物理前兆

孙威,孙晓明

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第2期   页码 14-25

摘要：

采用自主研发的地震应力仪、谐振仪 、倾斜仪和大地电位仪记录到印度洋8.7级大震的地震前兆——孕震物理模型和临震信号， 印度洋8.7级地震前后和8.5级地震前后的地壳受力情况有很大差异，表明 印度洋8.7级地震与8.5级地震的成因有着本质的区别，分析了海啸形成的原因，还发现了在 8.7级地震的孕育过程中有地下物质迁移迹象。

关键词： 印度洋8.7级与8.5级地震     临震信号     顺势脉冲     逆势脉冲    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Early T-cell precursor leukemia: a subtype of high risk childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

null

期刊论文

The role of natriuretic peptide precursor A gene polymorphism in the development of coronary heart disease

Ripen NSENGA MD, Longxian CHENG PhD, Mei’an HE PhD, Tangchun WU PhD,

期刊论文

Carbon-coated lithium titanate: effect of carbon precursor addition processes on the electrochemical

Shilei Ding, Zelong Jiang, Jing Gu, Hongliang Zhang, Jiajia Cai, Dongdong Wang

期刊论文

Particle formation of hydroxyapatite precursor containing two components in a spray pyrolysis process

W. Widiyastuti, Adhi Setiawan, Sugeng Winardi, Tantular Nurtono, Heru Setyawan

期刊论文

Emerging molecular subtypes and therapeutic targets in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Jianfeng Li, Yuting Dai, Liang Wu, Ming Zhang, Wen Ouyang, Jinyan Huang, Saijuan Chen

期刊论文

Hydrothermal synthesis of crystalline α-/β-MnO2 nanorods via γ-MnOOH nanorod precursors

ZHANG Weixin, REN Xiangbin, YANG Zeheng, WANG Hua, WANG Qiang, HUANG Fei

期刊论文

Precursor-driven structural tailoring of iron oxychloride for enhanced heterogeneous Fenton activity

期刊论文

Dielectric property of polyimide/barium titanate composites and its influence factors (II)

LIU Weidong, ZHU Baoku, XIE Shuhui, XU Zhikang

期刊论文

破坏性地震是可以预测的——孕震物理模型及临震信号

孙威

期刊论文

A reignited debate over the cell(s) of origin for glioblastoma and its clinical implications

Xiaolin Fan, Yanzhen Xiong, Yuan Wang

期刊论文

Distinct immune escape and microenvironment between RG-like and pri-OPC-like glioma revealed by single-cell RNA-seq analysis

期刊论文

Screening of textile finishing agents available on the Chinese market: An important source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances to the environment

Mehvish Mumtaz, Yixiang Bao, Wenchao Li, Lingxiao Kong, Jun Huang, Gang Yu

期刊论文

汶川地震沙层应变的短临前兆

王玉莹,佟晓辉,孙晓明,孙威

期刊论文

Enhancement of the polynomial functions response surface model for real-time analyzing ozone sensitivity

Jiangbo Jin, Yun Zhu, Jicheng Jang, Shuxiao Wang, Jia Xing, Pen-Chi Chiang, Shaojia Fan, Shicheng Long

期刊论文

印度洋8.7级与8.5级地震的物理前兆

孙威,孙晓明

期刊论文