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Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 135-144 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0331-5

摘要：

Chronic hepatitis B is a major health problem in China. The universal vaccination program since 1992 has changed the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in China from highly to moderately endemic. The most prevalent hepatitis B virus strains in China are genotypes B and C, whereas those in western provinces are genotypes D and C/D hybrid. Chronic hepatitis B poses a heavy burden to the society in China. Different treatment strategies have been explored to improve patient outcomes in a cost-effective manner. However, antiviral drugs with a low genetic barrier to resistance are still extensively used because of the generally low income and limited resources in China. Individualized antiviral therapy is closely associated with translational medicine, which utilizes information from studies on genomics, immune biomarkers, and fibrosis. The results of these studies are crucial in further improving treatment outcomes.

关键词： chronic hepatitis B     epidemiology     prevention     treatment    

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Exploration of Strategies for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control and Relevant System Development

Long-de Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第1期   页码 2-12 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015002

摘要： Chronic non-communicable diseases have become a major threat to humanity. International studies have shown that of 57 million deaths worldwide in 2008, 36 million (63%) were caused by chronic non-communicable diseases; of these, 29 million (80%) occurred in low and middle income countries. The WHO predicts that if the current trend continues, the annual number of deaths due to chronic non-communicable diseases will increase to 55 million by 2030. Due to acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, along with population aging and rapid changes of people’s lifestyle, the morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases are rapidly increasing in China. Therefore, dealing with the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases has become one of the current major health issues for China to address. On the basis of summarizing the status of major chronic diseases in China, analyzing the key issues and key factors in chronic disease prevention and control, and reviewing and summarizing the experience from the previous projects, this paper proposes the following recommendations as strategies for chronic disease prevention and control and development of relevant system, which China should adopt. All relevant government departments should formulate corresponding policies; establish a coordinated and efficient work system with rational structure and clear division of tasks and responsibilities within the system. Implementation and development of “integrated medicine” in system is necessary. Work norms and requirements will then improve the performance and efficiency in chronic disease prevention and control in China.

关键词： chronic disease prevention and control     strategy and system construction    

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Construction of the vessel-collateral theory and its guidance for prevention and treatment of vasculopathy

Yiling Wu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 118-122 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0140-z

摘要： According to the self-discipline of traditional Chinese medicine, vessel-collateral theory was constructed systematically, which was important to improving prevention and treatment level of vasculopathy. The hypothesis of “homeostasis ( ), compensatory auto-adaptation ( ), regulation ( ) and equilibrium ( )” based on the “qi–yin-yang–five elements” coupled with the (nutrients)- (defense) theory, has become the core content of the vessel-collateral theory. Clinical and laboratory trials have been developed to further confirm the scientific connotations of the hypothesis, such as capsule, as the representative drugs of vessel collateral theory, showed good efficacy in protecting the vascular endothelium, stabilizing the vulnerable plaque and reducing the blood vessel spasm. “Sou, ti, shu, tong” was the characteristics of capsule in treating “microvascular damage” as the core mechanism of acute myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction and microvascular complications of diabetes. capsules in the treatment of arrhythmia have made integrated adjustment advantage. capsules have been made treating both manifestation and root cause of chronic heart failure. These research have improved prevention and treatment level of major vascular system diseases.

关键词： vessel-collateral theory     vasculopathy     prevention and treatment    

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Stroke prevention: an update

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 22-34 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0178-6

摘要：

Stroke is a personal, familial, and social disaster. It is the third cause of death worldwide, the first cause of acquired disability, the second cause of dementia, and its cost is astronomic. The burden of stroke is likely to increase given the aging of the population and the growing incidence of many vascular risk factors. Prevention of stroke includes—as for all other diseases—a “mass approach” aiming at decreasing the risk at the society level and an individual approach, aiming at reducing the risk in a given subject. The mass approach is primarily based on the identification and treatment of vascular risk factors and, if possible, in the implementation of protective factors. These measures are the basis of primary prevention but most of them have now been shown to be also effective in secondary prevention. The individual approach combines a vascular risk factor modification and various treatments addressing the specific subtypes of stroke, such as antiplatelet drugs for the prevention of cerebral infarction in large and small artery diseases of the brain, carotid endarterectomy or stenting for tight carotid artery stenosis, and oral anticoagulants for the prevention of cardiac emboli. There is a growing awareness of the huge evidence-to-practice gap that exists in stroke prevention largely due to socio-economic factors. Recent approaches include low cost intervention packages to reduce blood pressure and cheap “polypills” combining in a single tablet aspirin and several drugs to lower blood pressure and cholesterol. Polypill intake should however not lead to abandon the healthy life-style measures which remain the mainstay of stroke prevention.

关键词： stroke     prevention     vascular risk factors     cerebral infarction     cerebral hemorrhage     anti-thrombotic drugs     carotid endarterectomy    

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Health: a dream from reality to the future

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 233-235 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0444-0

摘要：

This paper argues that health is a realistic productive force that may enhance the index of happiness. As the basis of all developments and the source of a person’s and his/her family’s happiness, health requires not only primary and secondary prevention, but also policy prevention, that is to say, grade-zero prevention. Therefore, people should pay more attention to Health in All Policies. As a new preventive strategy, the policy prevention will help improve people’s health significantly and promote the concepts of “Healthy China” and “the Chinese Dream” or “the World Dream” to realize a dream from reality to the future.

关键词： health promotion     primary and secondary prevention     policy prevention     infectious disease     non-communicable disease    

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Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features

Cenyi Shao, Shijian Li, Feng Zhu, Dahai Zhao, Hui Shao, Haixiao Chen, Zhiruo Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 506-510 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0811-8

摘要： The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly around the world. As of May 30, 2020, a total of 84 568 confirmed COVID-19 cases have been recorded in China, with a mortality rate of approximately 5.5%. Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in Zhejiang Province. A total of 146 cases were diagnosed in this epidemic, with a fatality rate of 0%. This condition is due to the establishment of an “Internet+” diagnosis and treatment model based on online medical application (APP), telemedicine, WeChat service, and consultation hotline in Taizhou. Taizhou led in opening the “COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment Special Line” in China, which is conducive to pre-hospital screening, suppressing social panic, and clinical support. Hospitals also carried out related online lectures and popularization of science. We summarize Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features, with a view to providing reference for the control of the epidemic at home and abroad.

关键词： COVID-19     telemedicine     prevention experience    

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Developments in cancer prevention and treatment using traditional Chinese medicine

Hongsheng Lin, Jie Liu, Ying Zhang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 127-133 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0137-7

摘要： Through the joint efforts of several generations of practitioners in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and integrated medicine of oncology, we have made some achievements in cancer treatment using TCM in over 50 years, including treatment concepts, methods, and basic and clinical research. Currently, TCM plays an indispensable role in cancer prevention and treatment. However, we also clearly recognize that there are some issues that have yet to be resolved. In the future, cancer treated with TCM will face unprecedented opportunities and challenges. This article reviews the developments of TCM in the treatment of cancer.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)     cancer    

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Human microbiome and prostate cancer development: current insights into the prevention and treatment

Solmaz Ohadian Moghadam, Seyed Ali Momeni

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 11-32 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0731-7

摘要： The huge communities of microorganisms that symbiotically colonize humans are recognized as significant players in health and disease. The human microbiome may influence prostate cancer development. To date, several studies have focused on the effect of prostate infections as well as the composition of the human microbiome in relation to prostate cancer risk. Current studies suggest that the microbiota of men with prostate cancer significantly differs from that of healthy men, demonstrating that certain bacteria could be associated with cancer development as well as altered responses to treatment. In healthy individuals, the microbiome plays a crucial role in the maintenance of homeostasis of body metabolism. Dysbiosis may contribute to the emergence of health problems, including malignancy through affecting systemic immune responses and creating systemic inflammation, and changing serum hormone levels. In this review, we discuss recent data about how the microbes colonizing different parts of the human body including urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, and skin might affect the risk of developing prostate cancer. Furthermore, we discuss strategies to target the microbiome for risk assessment, prevention, and treatment of prostate cancer.

关键词： microbiome     prostate cancer     prevention     treatment     molecular pathological epidemiology (MPE)     biomarker    

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Disaster prevention and reduction in Anthropocene

Sha Chen,Bo Tao,Wei Ren

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0882-6

摘要： Natural disasters cause considerable property damage and loss of life as well as destruction of ecosystem and natural resources. In the context of global change, extreme events are expected to increase in both frequency and intensity. To prevent natural disasters and mitigate the loss, we need to act quickly and effectively. It would be conducive to achieve sustainable economic development, reduce disaster vulnerabilities and risks, and build resilience through implementing effective measures of disaster prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery.

关键词： natural disasters     global change     Sendai Framework    

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China released the Action Plan on Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution

Fang Zhang,Guanghe Li

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0867-5

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China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection Adopted Draft Amendment to the Law on Prevention and Control

Fu Sun,Yi Liu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0890-6

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Prevention and control of zoonoses at their source: from the Chinese perspective

Songtao YANG,Yuwei GAO,Jun QIAN,Quan LIU,Xuexing ZHENG,Hualei WANG,Zhiping XIA,Xianzhu XIA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第1卷 第2期   页码 96-103 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014030

摘要： Zoonoses are a significant public health concern and cause considerable socioeconomic problems globally. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), and Ebola virus disease (EVD) has had a significant effect on the national economy and public health in China, and other countries. This review analyzed zoonotic disease issues faced by China, and the main factors contributing to the risk of zoonotic disease. The Chinese government has devised new strategies and has taken measures to deal with the challenges of these diseases, and the prevention and control of zoonoses at their source. A strategy that is suited to China’s national conditions, is proposed.

关键词： zoonosis     prevention and control     joint prevention and control    

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Preliminary results of gentamycin combined with sodium bicarbonate for prevention of irinotecan-induced

Qi MEI MM, Zhe CAO MM, Hua XIONG MD, Yuan CHEN MD,

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第4期   页码 470-474 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0077-7

摘要： The aim of this paper was to observe the clinical effect of gentamycin combined with sodium bicarbonate for the prevention of irinotecan-induced diarrhea. A total of 98 patients with stage IV cancers were recruited and divided into a prevention group (52 patients) and a control group (46 patients). All patients received the chemotherapy including irinotecan. The prevention group received gentamycin and sodium bicarbonate before the use of irinotecan for 4 days; the control group did not receive any prevention. The use of gentamycin and sodium bicarbonate resulted in significantly higher stool pH ( < 0.001), while the incidence of diarrhea by irinotecan was reduced (prevention group 13.70% control group 34.83%; < 0.001). Gentamycin combined with sodium bicarbonate appears to be useful in preventing the diarrhea induced by irinotecan and reducing the dosage of loperamide and fluid replacement.

关键词： irinotecan     diarrhea     gentamycin     sodium bicarbonate     prevention    

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安全韧性城市防灾减灾发展策略研究

房玉东,王文,张志,边路

《中国工程科学》 2023年 第25卷 第1期   页码 1-9 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.01.009

摘要：

在极端气候和环境变化加剧的背景下，快速城市化进程使得城市公共安全面临越来越多的风险与挑战。安全韧性城市建设聚焦城市防灾减灾问题，是推动城市高质量发展的重要抓手。本文基于城市防灾减灾与安全发展的现实需求，提出我国安全韧性城市建设在防灾减灾方面存在的问题，深度剖析当前安全韧性城市建设面临的诸多挑战。在城市防灾减灾与安全发展的理念下，提出制度韧性、社会韧性、工程韧性、技术韧性四个安全韧性城市建设要点。并对安全韧性城市防灾减灾发展给出建议：健全灾害防治法律标准，建立高效应急协同机制；推进多元主体协同共治，构建防灾减灾救灾新格局；提升社会灾害风险意识，筑牢社会防线；加快防灾减灾基础设施建设，提升城市设防水平；强化防灾减灾科技和专业人才力量建设，提升风险治理水平。

关键词： 安全韧性城市；风险防控；公共安全；防灾减灾    

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Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1040-8

摘要： Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China. The integration of Chinese and Western medicine is an important feature of Chinese COVID-19 prevention and treatment. According to a series of evidence-based studies, TCM can reduce the infection rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in high-risk groups. For patients with mild and moderate forms of COVID-19, TCM can relieve the related signs and symptoms, shorten the period of nucleic-acid negative conversion, and reduce conversion rate to the severe form of the disease. For COVID-19 patients with severe and critical illnesses, TCM can improve inflammatory indicators and blood oxygen saturation, shorten the hospital stay, and reduce the mortality rate. During recovery, TCM can improve patients’ symptoms, promote organ function recovery, boost the quality of patients’ life, and reduce the nucleic-acid repositive conversion rate. A series of mechanism research studies revealed that capability of TCM to treat COVID-19 through antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, immune regulation, and protection of organ function via a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway approach.

关键词： traditional Chinese medicine     COVID-19     SARS-CoV-2     clinical evidence-based study     mechanism     integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: epidemiology, prevention, and treatment in China

null

期刊论文

Exploration of Strategies for Chronic Disease Prevention and Control and Relevant System Development

Long-de Wang

期刊论文

Construction of the vessel-collateral theory and its guidance for prevention and treatment of vasculopathy

Yiling Wu

期刊论文

Stroke prevention: an update

null

期刊论文

Health: a dream from reality to the future

null

期刊论文

Taizhou’s COVID-19 prevention and control experience with telemedicine features

Cenyi Shao, Shijian Li, Feng Zhu, Dahai Zhao, Hui Shao, Haixiao Chen, Zhiruo Zhang

期刊论文

Developments in cancer prevention and treatment using traditional Chinese medicine

Hongsheng Lin, Jie Liu, Ying Zhang

期刊论文

Human microbiome and prostate cancer development: current insights into the prevention and treatment

Solmaz Ohadian Moghadam, Seyed Ali Momeni

期刊论文

Disaster prevention and reduction in Anthropocene

Sha Chen,Bo Tao,Wei Ren

期刊论文

China released the Action Plan on Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution

Fang Zhang,Guanghe Li

期刊论文

China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection Adopted Draft Amendment to the Law on Prevention and Control

Fu Sun,Yi Liu

期刊论文

Prevention and control of zoonoses at their source: from the Chinese perspective

Songtao YANG,Yuwei GAO,Jun QIAN,Quan LIU,Xuexing ZHENG,Hualei WANG,Zhiping XIA,Xianzhu XIA

期刊论文

Preliminary results of gentamycin combined with sodium bicarbonate for prevention of irinotecan-induced

Qi MEI MM, Zhe CAO MM, Hua XIONG MD, Yuan CHEN MD,

期刊论文

安全韧性城市防灾减灾发展策略研究

房玉东,王文,张志,边路

期刊论文

Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

期刊论文