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Nucleic acid crystallization and X-ray crystallography facilitated by single selenium atom

Wen Zhang,Jack W. Szostak,Zhen Huang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 196-202 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1565-3

摘要： X-ray crystallography is a powerful strategy for 3-D structure determination of macromolecules, such as nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid complexes. However, the crystallization and phase determination are the major bottle-neck problems in crystallography. Recently we have successfully developed synthesis and strategy of selenium-derivatized nucleic acids (SeNA) for nucleic acid crystallography. SeNA might not only provide the rational strategies to solve the phase determination problem, but also offer a potential strategy to explore crystallization solutions.

关键词： selenium     DNA     RNA     nucleic acid     crystallization    

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Soil selenium concentration and Kashin-Beck disease prevalence in Tibet, China

Shunjiang LI, Wei LI, Xia HU, Linsheng YANG, Ruodeng XIRAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 62-68 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0009-4

摘要： In order to investigate the correlation between the prevalence of Kashin-Back disease (KBD) and Se concentrations, natural soil samples and cultivated soil samples were collected from southeastern Tibet, China; and the soil Se concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrophotometer. It was found that the mean Se concentrations of natural soil samples in KBD areas, from the first layer to the third layer, were 0.17 mg/kg, 0.11 mg/kg, and 0.10 mg/kg, respectively, and in non-disease areas were 0.21 mg/kg, 0.24 mg/kg, and 0.13 mg/kg, respectively. The mean Se concentrations of cultivated soil samples were 0.10 mg/kg in KBD areas and 0.23 mg/kg in non-disease areas, respectively. Soil Se concentrations in KBD areas were lower than that in non-disease areas, and the mean concentrations of soil Se in Tibet were lower than the average of China (0.29 mg/kg). Therefore , there is a close relationship between soil Se concentrations and KBD in Tibet. More studies should be concentrated on the impacts of Se deficiency in soils and its relationship with Se concentrations in food-grain and the human body in Tibet areas.

关键词： Kashin-Beck disease (KBD)     selenium (Se)     soil     Tibet    

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Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 223-225 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0043-1

摘要： The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between selenium (Se) concentrations in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Tibet. The hair of children in typical KBD-affected areas and non-disease areas was collected, and its Se concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrometry. The Se concentrations in child hair were (0.13±0.04) and (0.18±0.07) µg/g respectively in KBD areas and non-disease areas respectively, which are significantly different. In areas supplemented with Se in Tibet, the Se concentration of hair in KBD- affected areas was higher than that in non-diseased areas, being (0.28±0.03) and (0.18±0.04) µg/g respectively. There is a close relationship between the Se concentrations in hair and KBD distribution. Se supplement increase the Se concentrations in the human body. Appropriate Se supplementation is important to prevent KBD in Tibet.

关键词： different     relationship     non-disease     selenium     KBD distribution    

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Feasibility study on simultaneous removal of sulfur and trace selenium in the MTD-FGD reactor

LI Yuzhong, TONG Huiling, ZHUO Yuqun, LI Yan, CHEN Changhe, XU Xuchang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第3期   页码 259-263 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0036-4

摘要： This study deals with the simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide (SO) and trace selenium dioxide (SeO) from flue gas by calcium oxide (CaO) adsorption in the moderate temperature range, especially the feasibility of simultaneous removal of these two pollutants in a moderate temperature dry flue gas desulfurization (MTD-FGD) reactor. The effect of SO presence on selenium capture is studied through the experiments performed on a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and the following conclusions can be obtained. When CaO conversion is relatively low and the reaction rate is controlled by chemical reaction kinetics, the SO presence does not affect selenium capture. When CaO conversion is very high and the reaction rate is controlled by product layer diffusion, the SO presence and the product layer diffusion resistance jointly reduce selenium capture. Through analyses of some pilot scale MTD-FGD tests, it can be concluded that in the MTD-FGD reactor, the sulfate reaction of sorbent particles is generally kinetically controlled. Therefore, it is feasible that sulfur and trace selenium can be simultaneously removed by Ca-based sorbent in the MTD-FGD reactor.

关键词： Ca-based sorbent     product     feasibility     thermogravimetric analyzer     simultaneous removal    

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Biological removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions

Yuanyuan Zhang, Masashi Kuroda, Shunsuke Arai, Fumitaka Kato, Daisuke Inoue, Michihiko Ike

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1154-z

摘要： Removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge was examined. Sequencing batch reactor was operated under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions. Above 97% removal of soluble selenium (Se) was achieved continuously. Major Se removal mechanism varied depending on the length of aeration period. Various Se-reducing bacteria likely contributed to coordinately to Se removal. Selenium (Se)-containing industrial wastewater is often coupled with notable salinity. However, limited studies have examined biological treatment of Se-containing wastewater under high salinity conditions. In this study, a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with activated sludge was applied to treat selenate in synthetic saline wastewater (3% w/v NaCl) supplemented with lactate as the carbon source. Start-up of the SBR was performed with addition of 1–5 mM of selenate under oxygen-limiting conditions, which succeeded in removing more than 99% of the soluble Se. Then, the treatment of 1 mM Se with cycle duration of 3 days was carried out under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions by adding aeration period after oxygen-limiting period. Although the SBR maintained soluble Se removal of above 97%, considerable amount of solid Se remained in the effluent as suspended solids and total Se removal fluctuated between about 40 and 80%. Surprisingly, the mass balance calculation found a considerable decrease of Se accumulated in the SBR when the aeration period was prolonged to 7 h, indicating very efficient Se biovolatilization. Furthermore, microbial community analysis suggested that various Se-reducing bacteria coordinately contributed to the removal of Se in the SBR and main contributors varied depending on the operational conditions. This study will offer implications for practical biological treatment of selenium in saline wastewater.

关键词： Activated sludge     Selenate reduction     Saline wastewater     Sequencing batch reactor     Alternating anoxic/oxic conditions     Selenium biovolatilization    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Nucleic acid crystallization and X-ray crystallography facilitated by single selenium atom

Wen Zhang,Jack W. Szostak,Zhen Huang

期刊论文

Soil selenium concentration and Kashin-Beck disease prevalence in Tibet, China

Shunjiang LI, Wei LI, Xia HU, Linsheng YANG, Ruodeng XIRAO

期刊论文

Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

期刊论文

Feasibility study on simultaneous removal of sulfur and trace selenium in the MTD-FGD reactor

LI Yuzhong, TONG Huiling, ZHUO Yuqun, LI Yan, CHEN Changhe, XU Xuchang

期刊论文

Biological removal of selenate in saline wastewater by activated sludge under alternating anoxic/oxic conditions

Yuanyuan Zhang, Masashi Kuroda, Shunsuke Arai, Fumitaka Kato, Daisuke Inoue, Michihiko Ike

期刊论文