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Coordinating environmental protection and agricultural development: a village-based case study for promotinggreen transformation REVIEW

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2024年 第11卷 第1期   页码 100-112 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024545

摘要:

Balancing ecological preservation with sustainable agricultural practices is a global issue. Erhai Lake has felt this challenge keenly. To address it, in 2022, a Science and Technology Backyards (STBs) project was launched in Gusheng Village. The goal of this is to care for the environment while ensuring that farms and farmers can thrive sustainably. The uniqueness of the Erhai STB arises from its interdisciplinary integration, encompassing fields such as ecology, agronomy and social science, resulting in specifically-designed solutions for the Erhai context. While this model aligns with broader STB paradigms, its distinctive edge lies in technological innovation and robust support mechanisms for local agricultural stakeholders. This paper describes the methodology and outcomes of the STB initiative, highlighting its pivotal role in spearheading sustainable transition in Erhai. Preliminary findings underscore the potential of the STB model as an efficacious tool for harmonizing environmental conservation and agricultural practices, that are both financially and environmentally sustainable, rendering it a potential model for comparable regions in China and other counties.

关键词: Agriculture green development     Science and Technology Backyards     Erhai     environmental protection     smallholders    

China’s Agriculture Green Development: from Concept to Actions RESEARCH ARTICLE

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2024年 第11卷 第1期   页码 20-34 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023512

摘要:

China has initiated a green transformation plan in 2015, which was soon applied to agriculture, known as the Agriculture Green Development (AGD) initiative, with the goals of achieving food security, high resource use efficiency, and an ecofriendly environment. To assess the agricultural transformation from 1997 to 2020, this paper proposes a national-scale indicator system consisting three dimensions (socioeconomic, food production and eco-environmental) and ten sub-dimensions to quantify the AGD score. This study showed that AGD score in China was at a moderate level during 1997–2010, scoring 40 out of 100. During this stage, decreased scores in the sub-dimensions of resource consumption, environmental quality, and environmental cost have offset the improvement in the socioeconomic dimension, resulting in fluctuated scores around 40. In the second stage (2011–2020), China’s AGD score improved but still at moderate level, scoring an average of 46.3, with each dimension increasing by 5.3%–25.0%. These results indicate that China has made progress in the agricultural transformation, transitioning from conceptualization to actions through the implementation of various policies and projects. However, the study emphasizes the need for more effort to address the insufficient and unbalanced development, along with the growing eco-environmental challenges, especially the trade-offs among dimensions.

关键词: agricultural transformation     Agriculture Green Development     historical trend     indicator system     theoretical conception    

基于农业发展方式转变的美丽乡村建设重点和路径选择

刘旭,唐华俊,易小燕,赵俊伟,尹昌斌

《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第4期   页码 33-39 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.04.006

摘要:

农业发展方式转变为美丽乡村建设带来了新的机遇。基于生态文明建设要求,构建农业发展方式转变下美丽乡村建设的路径选择,本文系统地梳理了农业发展方式转变下美丽乡村建设面临的问题和挑战,指出美丽乡村建设重点包括加强农村综合规划与治理、确保口粮绝对安全、大力发展农牧结合、积极推进农村一二三产业融合发展、实施一批美丽乡村建设工程等,并提出加快美丽乡村建设的对策建议。

关键词: 生态文明     农业发展方式转变     美丽乡村建设     可持续发展    

工程化是中国农业现代化的必由之路——黑龙江省发展工程农业的经验和启示

韩贵清

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第8期   页码 55-58

摘要:

为努力寻求内涵扩大再生产的办法,促进全省农业生产方式转变,黑龙江省农科院借鉴发达国家先进经验,运用系统工程的方式和手段,在全国率先实施农业科技创新工程和科技成果转化工程,大力发展工程农业,促进了农业发展方式的根本转变,也为发展现代农业找到了一条切实有效的途径。全省农业科技成果转化率由2003年的30 %提高到2010年的70 %,优良品种覆盖率由90 %提高到98 %,农业科技贡献率从48.5 %提高到59.5 %,粮食产量由502.5亿斤提高到1 002.6亿斤,占全国粮食总产量的1/10,商品量占全国粮食商品总量的近1/3,为保证国家粮食安全做出了重大贡献。

关键词: 系统工程     农业科技创新     科技成果转化     工程农业    

全球农业发展趋势及2050 年中国农业发展展望

黄季焜,解伟,盛誉,王晓兵,王金霞,刘承芳,侯玲玲

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期   页码 29-37 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.004

摘要:

本文在回顾中国农业发展历史的基础上,结合全球农业发展趋势对中国农业发展的启示,重点展望至2050 年中国农业发展趋势。研究表明,需要遵循总体经济结构转型与农村经济转型相辅相成的发展路径,提升农业劳动生产力,促进农业快速发展。至2050 年,农业GDP 占总体GDP 的比例与农业就业占总体就业的比例将逐渐趋同。中国食物自给率将从现在的95% 下降到2035 年的90% 左右,未来还会缓慢下降。高价值农产品和多功能农业的发展是未来农业增长和农民农业增收的主要增长来源。基于研究结果,提出至2050 年实现中国农业现代化的战略重点:①农业生产力提升与保障国家食物安全战略;②发挥农产品比较优势发展战略;③绿色高效高值农业发展促进战略;④农业水土资源可持续利用保障战略;⑤制度、政策、投资改革引领现代农业发展创新战略。针对主要战略提出保障措施:持续加大科技和基础设施投入,提高农业生产力;在保障粮食安全生产能力的基础上,加大优势农业及需求潜力大的农业的发展;改善市场环境、弥补市场失灵,支持高值农业发展;加快推进农业永续发展;优化配置“土地、劳动力、资金”等农业生产要素。

关键词: 全球农业发展趋势,中国农业发展,农村转型,粮食供需预测,农业现代化    

我国农业全产业链标准化转型路径研究

燕艳华,云振宇,初侨,奚经龙,席兴军,任梦格,张晓芳,王宇彤

《中国工程科学》 2024年 第26卷 第2期   页码 142-149 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2024.02.012

摘要:

推进农业全产业链标准化,既是保证我国农业产业安全稳定的内在要求,也是推进农业产业转型升级的必要选择。当前,我国农业全产业链标准化转型主要面临标准供给结构仍需持续优化,产前、产中、产后标准间协同性亟待增强,标准化的联动障碍依然突出等问题与挑战。本文从农业全产业链标准化转型对供应链稳定与安全、各环节要素流动与畅通、生产经营方式的变革与创新、品牌内核力与竞争力提升、绿色化发展与低碳转型等五方面出发,系统剖析了其在标准结构、标准协同、标准联动等方面面临的挑战,提出了农业全产业链标准化转型应以农业产业综合性和复杂性问题为导向,以产前、产中、产后标准协同为核心,以高质量标准有效供给为前提,以各方利益主体共同参与为保障四方面的总体方略。研究建议,着力提升高质量标准的有效供给、推进全产业链标准的协同化治理、创新地方标准“互联互通”机制、强化标准实施机制创新和主体参与。

关键词: 农业全产业链;标准化;高质量标准;标准协同    

现代农业转型发展与食物安全供求趋势研究

黄季焜,王济民,解伟,王晓兵,侯玲玲,周慧,盛誉,刘旭

《中国工程科学》 2019年 第21卷 第5期   页码 1-9 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.015

摘要:

在全球背景下厘清我国未来农业转型方向、生产方式转变路径和食物供求变动趋势,提出现代农业转型发展战略和政策建议。我国农业发展面临着六大挑战,应深入推进农业供给侧结构性改革,优化产品产业结构,改善农产品供求结构,提升农产品质量安全水平。通过大样本农户调研数据分析发现,应不断完善土地流转市场和社会化服务体系来保障现代农业转型发展。面向2035 年的农业生产结构调整预测表明,我国农产品的供需失衡现象将趋向突出:饲料自给率将继续下降,食糖和食油的需求缺口将逐渐扩大,畜产品生产和供需缺口将取决于饲料粮贸易政策和草牧业发展政策,但蔬菜和水果依然保持一定的比较优势。

关键词: 农业生产结构     食物安全     供给     需求    

Goryachkin’s agricultural mechanics

Vera CHINENOVA

《机械工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第11卷 第1期   页码 87-94 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0378-x

摘要:

The paper contributes to the development of applied mechanics by establishing a new discipline, namely, agricultural mechanics by academician Vasilii Prohorovich Goryachkin (1868–1935) who was an apprentice of Nikolay Yegorovich Zhukovsky and a graduate of the Moscow University (current known as Moscow State University) and the Imperial Higher Technical School.

关键词: theory of mechanisms and machines     agricultural machinery engineering     agricultural mechanics    

Transformation of triclosan by a novel cold-adapted laccase from

Yuanyuan Shi, Deyang Kong, Jiayang Liu, Junhe Lu, Xiaoming Yin, Quansuo Zhou

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0927-5

摘要: This work investigated the transformation of triclosan (TCS) by laccase produced by a pathogen isolated from rotten tomato. The pathogen was characterized as sp. FQ, belonging to subphylum . The laccase exhibited cold-adaptation with relatively high activity at 20°C. The laccase could effectively transform TCS. Approximately 62% TCS could be removed at dose of 1.0 unit·mL in 120 min. The reaction rate appeared to be to the concentration of the substrate, suggesting the laccase activity remained stable during the reaction. Transformation products of TCS were analyzed by mass spectrometry and it was revealed that TCS dimers were formed via radical coupling pathways. During this process, laccase catalyzed oxidation of TCS to form a radical intermediate is the rate limiting step. However, this step can be reversed by humic acid. Overall, the laccase showed great potential in the treatment of phenolic contaminants. Since laccase is widely presented in natural environment, this study also revealed an important pathway involved in the transformation of phenolic contaminants in the environment.

关键词: Laccase     Botrytis cinerea     Triclosan     Transformation     Kinetics    

The transformation of PAHs in the sewage sludge incineration treatment

Hui ZHANG,Le XU,Yifei ZHANG,Mengchan JIANG

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 336-340 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0766-6

摘要: The release of pollutants from sewage sludge in the treatment process is a worldwide tricky problem in the field of sludge treatment. In this paper, the release and reaction between monomers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the sewage sludge incineration treatment were studied based on simulated experiments. The result indicates that the transformation may occurre between monomers of PAHs during their release in the treatment. Over 90% of total PAHs in sewage sludge are released at the the temperature of 300°C–750°C. The possible transformation of Naphthalene to indeno(1, 2, 3-cd)pyrene was related to the temperature of the treatment system. Here, we showed that the output rate of transformation reactions for indeno(1, 2, 3-cd)pyrene is 94% at 300°C. These findings, by identifying corresponding treatment conditions as well as techniques, can help to understand the reactions and control real outputs of PAHs in the treatment process.

关键词: release of monomers     transformation of monomers     PAHs     sewage sludge     incineration treatment    

STRENGTHENING NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION CONTROL TO PROMOTE AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第4期   页码 503-509 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023528

摘要:

STRENGTHENING NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION CONTROL TO PROMOTE AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT

关键词: GREEN     AGRICULTURAL     PROMOTE     POLLUTION     SOURCE     DEVELOPMENT     POINT     STRENGTHENING     CONTROL    

TRANSFORMATION OF FOOD SYSTEMS: HOW CAN IT BE FINANCED?

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第1期   页码 109-123 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023483

摘要:

● The analysis of financing for the transformation of food systems requires first a consideration of costs.

关键词: financial markets     food systems     development financing     consumer expenditures     public budgets     Sustainable Development Goals    

我国农业生产的发展方向:从机械化到智慧化

罗锡文,廖娟,臧英,区颖刚,汪沛

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第1期   页码 46-54 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.01.005

摘要:

“谁来种地,怎样种地”是中国和全世界农业生产面临的共同问题。改革开放以来,我国农业生产的机械化水平已显著提高;而农业生产智慧化是今后社会发展的必然趋势,将以智能装备为基础,以数据和知识为核心要素,使现代科学技术与农业深度融合,实现农业生产全过程的数字化感知、智能化决策、精准化作业和智慧化管理,进一步大幅提高劳动生产率、土地产出率和资源利用率。本文以水稻生产为例介绍了我国农业生产的发展现状,分析了我国农业生产向智慧化生产转变的必要性,总结了我国农业生产向智慧化发展面临的机遇与挑战,据此提出了我国农业生产的发展方向和发展路线。为促进我国农业生产方式从机械化向智慧化转变,本文提出了加强农机装备研发和创新体系建设、加强农机推广体系建设、加强农机社会化服务体系建设、加快智慧农业示范区建设等对策建议。

关键词: 农业生产     水稻生产     农业机械化     信息技术     智能农机     农业生产智慧化    

FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2023年 第10卷 第1期   页码 1-3 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023491

摘要: FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

关键词: TRANSFORMATION     SYSTEMS     FOOD     CONCEPTS     MECHANISMS    

Livelihood transformation from fishing to tourism: an adaptive sustainable livelihood framework for understanding

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2024560

摘要: Livelihood transformation from fishing to tourism: an adaptive sustainable livelihood framework for understanding lakeside communities of China

关键词: communities China     livelihood framework lakeside    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Coordinating environmental protection and agricultural development: a village-based case study for promotinggreen transformation

期刊论文

China’s Agriculture Green Development: from Concept to Actions

期刊论文

基于农业发展方式转变的美丽乡村建设重点和路径选择

刘旭,唐华俊,易小燕,赵俊伟,尹昌斌

期刊论文

工程化是中国农业现代化的必由之路——黑龙江省发展工程农业的经验和启示

韩贵清

期刊论文

全球农业发展趋势及2050 年中国农业发展展望

黄季焜,解伟,盛誉,王晓兵,王金霞,刘承芳,侯玲玲

期刊论文

我国农业全产业链标准化转型路径研究

燕艳华,云振宇,初侨,奚经龙,席兴军,任梦格,张晓芳,王宇彤

期刊论文

现代农业转型发展与食物安全供求趋势研究

黄季焜,王济民,解伟,王晓兵,侯玲玲,周慧,盛誉,刘旭

期刊论文

Goryachkin’s agricultural mechanics

Vera CHINENOVA

期刊论文

Transformation of triclosan by a novel cold-adapted laccase from

Yuanyuan Shi, Deyang Kong, Jiayang Liu, Junhe Lu, Xiaoming Yin, Quansuo Zhou

期刊论文

The transformation of PAHs in the sewage sludge incineration treatment

Hui ZHANG,Le XU,Yifei ZHANG,Mengchan JIANG

期刊论文

STRENGTHENING NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION CONTROL TO PROMOTE AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT

期刊论文

TRANSFORMATION OF FOOD SYSTEMS: HOW CAN IT BE FINANCED?

期刊论文

我国农业生产的发展方向:从机械化到智慧化

罗锡文,廖娟,臧英,区颖刚,汪沛

期刊论文

FOOD SYSTEMS TRANSFORMATION: CONCEPTS, MECHANISMS AND PRACTICES

期刊论文

Livelihood transformation from fishing to tourism: an adaptive sustainable livelihood framework for understanding

期刊论文