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Avoiding barriers in control of mowing robot

QIU Bai-jing, QIAN Guo-hong, XIANG Zhong-ping, LI Zuo-peng

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第3期页码 346-349 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0032-0

摘要： Due to complicated barriers, it is difficult to track the path of the mowing robot and to avoid barriers. In order to solve the problem, a method based on distance-measuring sensors and fuzzy control inputs was proposed. Its track

关键词： control distance-measuring problem complicated difficult

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盾构隧道长距离独头掘进的控制测量技术

许维青,韩福忠

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第12期页码 56-58

摘要：

北京地下直径线盾构独头掘进距离达5.2 km，因此隧道贯通精度控制难度大。通过测量精度分析，单纯通过导线测量已不能满足设计规定的贯通限差要求，施工中通过导线直接传递定向、洞内加测陀螺边、地上地下控制网紧密联系等辅助方法，提高了贯通横向误差的精度，达到了预期效果。

关键词：盾构长距离独头掘进控制测量

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An autonomous miniature wheeled robot based on visual feedback control

CHEN Haichu

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第2期页码 197-200 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0033-7

摘要： Using two micro-motors, a novel omni-direction miniature wheeled robot is designed on the basis of the bi-corner driving principle. The robot takes advantage of the Bluetooth technology to wirelessly transmit data at a short distance. Its position and omni-direction motion are precise. A Charge Coupled Device (CCD) camera is used for measuring and for visual navi gation. A control system is developed. The precision of the position is 0.5 mm, the resolution is about 0.05 mm, and the maximum velocity is about 52 mm/s. The visual navigation and control system allow the robot to navigate and track the target and to accomplish autonomous locomotion.

关键词： measuring distance autonomous locomotion advantage navigation

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Improved directional-distance filter

JIN Lianghai, LI Dehua

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第2期页码 205-211 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0025-2

摘要： This paper proposes a new spatial-distance weighting function. By combining the weighting function and the traditional directional-distance filter (DDF) in a novel way, a new vector filter - the adaptive distance-weighted directional-distance filter (ADWDDF) - is presented. The experimental results show that the proposed solution provides better filtering performance and preserves better image chromaticity and edge or detail information compared with the traditional DDF and some other typical vector filters.

关键词： information distance-weighted directional-distance ADWDDF traditional DDF spatial-distance weighting

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三峡升船机塔柱混凝土施工测量技术

罗琛,晏春波

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第9期页码 97-101

摘要：

针对三峡垂直升船机高薄壁塔柱结构混凝土形体及内置埋件施工精度指标要求，对三峡升船机塔柱混凝土及内置埋件施工测量中的平面、高程基准传递及埋件定位测量方法进行了研究。分别将天顶仪投点、电磁波测距及中心带照准标志的圆柱螺帽型定位装置施工测量技术运用于混凝土结构尺寸控制测量以及内置埋件定位测量。通过对实测数据的统计与分析，证明三峡升船机塔柱混凝土施工测量技术方案具有可靠性和可行性。

关键词：施工测量天顶仪投点电磁波测距套管空间定位测量三峡升船机

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Comparison of analytical procedures for measuring phosphorus content of animal manures in China

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第4期页码 431-440 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019279

摘要：

The concentration and components of manure phosphorus (P) are key factors determining potential P bioavailability and runoff. The distribution of P forms in swine, poultry and cattle manures collected from intensive and extensive production systems in several areas of China was investigated with sequential fractionation and a simplified two-step (NaHCO -NaOH/EDTA) procedures. The mean total P concentration, determined by the sequential fractionation procedure of intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure, expressed as g·kg , was 14.9, 13.4 and 5.8 g·kg , respectively, and 4.4 g·kg in extensive cattle manure. In intensive swine, poultry and cattle manure about 73%, 74% and 79% of total P, respectively, was bioavailable (i.e., P extracted by H O and NaHCO ) and 78% in extensive cattle manure. The results indicated the relative environmental risk, from high to low, of swine, poultry and cattle manure. There is considerable regional variation in animal manure P across China, which needs to be considered when developing manure management strategies.

关键词： diet phosphorus manure phosphorus sequential P fractionation

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Application and evaluation of optical distance measurements in geometrical quality testing of microgears

Albert ALBERS, Duotai PAN, Leif MARXEN, Claudia BECKE,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第3期页码 261-269 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0100-3

摘要： Microgears are increasingly important in industry. Compared to normal gears, the quality assurance of microgears needs more accurately measured data and simple but feasible measurement methods because of their dimension particula

关键词： microgear optical distance measurement profile deviation CWL sensor micromechanical technology (MMT)

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New method of fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on distance of information entropy

Houjun SU, Tielin SHI, Fei CHEN, Shuhong HUANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第6卷第2期页码 249-253 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0124-3

摘要：

This paper introduces the basic conception of information fusion and some fusion diagnosis methods commonly used nowadays in rotating machinery. From the thought of the information fusion, a new quantitative feature index monitoring and diagnosing the vibration fault of rotating machinery, which is called distance of information entropy, is put forward on the basis of the singular spectrum entropy in time domain, power spectrum entropy in frequency domain, wavelet energy spectrum entropy, and wavelet space feature entropy in time-frequency domain. The mathematic deduction suggests that the conception of distance of information entropy is accordant with the maximum subordination principle in the fuzzy theory. Through calculation it has been proved that this method can effectively distinguish different fault types. Then, the accuracy of rotor fault diagnosis can be improved through the curve chart of the distance of information entropy at multi-speed.

关键词： rotating machinery information fusion fault diagnosis Information entropy distance of the information entropy

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A feasibility study of the measuring accuracy and capability of wireless sensor networks in tunnel monitoring

Xiaojun LI, Zhong JI, Hehua ZHU, Chen GU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 111-120 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0150-1

摘要： Fire disasters and the deterioration of tunnel structures are major concerns for tunnel operation and maintenance. Traditional wired monitoring systems have many drawbacks in terms of installation time, overall cost, and flexibility in tunnel environments. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) for the monitoring of various structural monitoring applications. This paper evaluated the feasibility of applying a WSN in the monitoring of tunnels. The monitoring requirements of tunnels under explosion and combustion fire scenarios are analyzed using numerical simulation, and the maximum possible distance for temperature sensors is derived. The displacement monitoring of tunnels using an inclinometer is investigated. It is recommended that the inclinometer should be installed in the 1/4 span of the tunnel structure. The maximum wireless transmission distances in both outdoor and tunnel environments were examined. The influences of surface materials and sensor node locations on the data transmission distance in tunnel environments were also investigated. The experimental results show that the data loss in tunnel environments is approximately three times that in outdoor environments. Surface material has a considerable influence on the transmission distance of radio signals. The distance is 25 ? 28 m for a raw concrete surface, 20 m for a brick surface, and 36 m for a terrazzo surface. The transmission distances along the middle of quarter points are approximately 0.9 ( is the transmission distance in the center of the tunnel), and the relative error is less than±3%. The transmission distances at different locations along the bottom exhibit significant differences, decreasing from the middle to the corner point, with distances of approximately 0.8 at the quarter points and minimum distances of approximately 0.55 at the corner points.

关键词： wireless sensor network (WSN) tunnel monitoring feasibility study

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Soft curvature sensors for measuring the rotational angles of mechanical fingers

Haixiao LIU, Li LI, Zhikang OUYANG, Wei SUN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第4期页码 610-621 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0596-0

摘要： The design, fabrication, and testing of soft sensors that measure elastomer curvature and mechanical finger bending are described in this study. The base of the soft sensors is polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is a translucent elastomer. The main body of the soft sensors consists of three layers of silicone rubber plate, and the sensing element is a microchannel filled with gallium-indium-tin (Ga-In-Sn) alloy, which is embedded in the elastomer. First, the working principle of soft sensors is investigated, and their structure is designed. Second, the relationship between curvature and resistance is determined. Third, several sensors with different specifications are built in accordance with the structural design. Experiments show that the sensors exhibit high accuracy when the curvature changes within a certain range. Lastly, the soft sensors are applied to the measurement of mechanical finger bending. Experiments show that soft curvature sensors can effectively reflect mechanical finger bending and can be used to measure the bending of mechanical fingers with high sensitivity within a certain working range.

关键词： soft sensor Ga-In-Sn alloy strain sensing curvature sensing mechanical finger bending

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WEIS wheel speed real-time measuring method for VOSM

Mengyao PAN, Guixiong LIU, Xiaobin HONG, Tusheng LIN,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第3期页码 322-327 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0022-0

摘要： Wheel speed is one of the key parameters of vehicle operating attitude. To solve the problems in traditional wheel speed measuring methods, such as low measurement precision and the lack of real-time monitoring of the vehicle’s operating attitude, a wheel embedded intelligent sensors (WEIS) wheel speed measuring method for vehicle operating safety states monitoring (VOSM) is innovatively proposed. Radial acceleration signal is obtained through a WEIS module embedded in the hub. Using wavelet packet to implement wavelet de-noising for the non-stationary acceleration signals, and adopting short-time Fourier transform (STFT) algorithm to extract the signal characteristics, the wheel speed measurement can be achieved. The experimental result shows that under experimental conditions the speed measurement error is −2.05%, and the speed measuring response time is 0.45 s.

关键词： wheel embedded intelligent sensing wheel speed monitoring

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Efficient utilization of wind power: Long-distance transmission or local consumption?

Yuanzhang SUN, Xiyuan MA, Jian XU, Yi BAO, Siyang LIAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第12卷第3期页码 440-455 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0440-3

摘要：

Excess wind power produced in wind-intensive areas is normally delivered to remote load centers via long-distance transmission lines. This paper presents a comparison between long-distance transmission, which has gained popularity, and local energy consumption, in which a fraction of the generated wind power can be locally consumed by energy-intensive industries. First, the challenges and solutions to the long-distance transmission and local consumption of wind power are presented. Then, the two approaches to the utilization of wind power are compared in terms of system security, reliability, cost, and capability to utilize wind energy. Finally, the economic feasibility and technical feasibility of the local consumption of wind power are demonstrated by a large and isolated industrial power system, or supermicrogrid, in China. The coal-fired generators together with the short-term interruptible electrolytic aluminum load in the supermicrogrid are able to compensate for the intermittency of wind power. In the long term, the transfer of high-energy-consumption industries to wind-rich areas and their local consumption of the available wind power are beneficial.

关键词： wind power long-distance transmission local consumption supermicrogrid

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水库水域生态系统温室气体排放测量技术

戴会超,李华,郑铁刚

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第9期页码 21-28

摘要：

基于国内外对全球温室气体排放监测研究的基础，总结并探讨了水库水域生态系统中温室气体排放通量常用测量分析技术的基本原理，对比分析了各种监测方法的适用性及优化措施，对我国形成系统的水库水域生态系统温室气体监测技术导则提供重要参考，为我国绿色水电和可持续发展水利水电建设提供重要的技术支撑。

关键词：水库水域生态系统温室气体通量测量技术

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Cracking resistance performance of super vertical-distance pumped SFRC

JIANG Jinyang, SUN Wei, ZHANG Yunsheng, CHEN Cuicui, WANG Jing

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 179-183 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0018-6

摘要： The mix ratio of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) was optimized using the principles that workability must meet the pumping demand and anti-cracking performance should be optimal. The effect of SFRC on the initial cracking load, the ultimate load and the crack width of the reinforced concrete (RC) member were analyzed in this paper. It was found that the admixture had good preservation of moisture and adhesion and the fibers distributed homogeneously in one hour out of the machine. According to the pumping results, the SFRC could be pumped vertically up to 306 m. Based on the standard computation formula of cracks, the maximum crack width of an RC member with 0.8% steel fiber (by volume) is about 32% lower than that of standard RC member. Through an experimental research on full-scale model tests for the steel and concrete composite anchorage zone on a pylon, the SFRC not only remarkably increases the crack resistance and the ultimate load, but the initial load also improves 33% approximately. It is also indicated that plastic shrinkage cracking of SFRC in which volume fraction of steel fibers is 0.8% can be restrained obviously and the unrestrained drying shrinkage can be diminished by about 50% at early age. The results confirmed that the SFRC can lessen the shrinkage crack of concrete and enhance markedly the direct tensile strength. Therefore, the SFRC can solve the key question of crack resistance for the anchorage zone of a bridge tower.

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A spectrometer for measuring particle size distributions in the range of 3 nm to 10 μm

Jieqiong LIU,Jingkun JIANG,Qiang ZHANG,Jianguo DENG,Jiming HAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 63-72 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0754-x

摘要： A spectrometer combining electrical mobility sizing and aerodynamic sizing was developed to measure aerosol size distributions in the range of 3 nm to 10 μm. It includes three instruments which cover different size ranges (a nano scanning mobility particle sizer (NSMPS, 3 – 60 nm), a regular scanning mobility particle sizer (RSMPS, 40 – 700 nm), and an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS, 550 nm – 10 μm)). High voltage and sheath flow of the NSMPS and RSMPS were supplied using two home-built control boxes. A LabVIEW program was developed for spectrometer automatic operation. A linear inversion method was applied to correct particle multiple charging effects and to integrate data from the three instruments into a wide-range size distribution. Experiments were conducted to compare distributions in the overlap size ranges measured by three instruments. Good agreement between the NSMPS and RSMPS was achieved after correcting for the difference in counting efficiencies of the two particle counters. Aerodynamic size distributions reported by the APS were converted to mobility size distributions by applying an effective density method. Distributions measured by the RSMPS and APS were consistent in the overlap size range of 550 – 700 nm. A full spectrum in the size range of 3 nm to 10 μm was demonstrated by measuring aerosol generated using a mixture of different sized polystyrene latex spheres.

关键词： spectrometer particle size distribution electrical mobility linear inversion aerodynamic diameter