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Experimental study of the restoring force mechanism in the self-centering beam (SCB)

Abhilasha MAURYA,Matthew R. EATHERTON

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 272-282 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0346-x

摘要： In the past, several self-centering (SC) seismic systems have been developed. However, examples of self-centering systems used in practice are limited due to unusual field construction practices, high initial cost premiums and deformation incompatibility with the gravity framing. A self centering beam moment frame (SCB-MF) has been developed that mitigates several of these issues while adding to the advantages of a typical SC system. The self-centering beam (SCB) is a shop-fabricated, self-contained structural component that when implemented in a moment resisting frame can bring a building back to plumb after an earthquake. This paper describes the SCB concepts and experimental program on five SCB specimens at two-third scale relative to a prototype building. Experimental results are presented including the global force-deformation behavior. The SCBs are shown to undergo 5%–6% story drift without any observable damage to the SCB body and columns. Strength equations developed for the SCB predict the moment capacity well, with a mean difference of 6% between experimental and predicted capacities. The behavior of the restoring force mechanism is described. The limit states that cause a loss in system's restoring force which lead to a decrease in the self-centering capacity of the SCB-MF, are presented.

关键词： self-centering seismic system     seismic design     hysteretic behavior     restoring force     resilient structural system    

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Parametric study on seismic performance of self-centering reinforced concrete column with bottom-placed

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1145-1162 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0945-2

摘要： To realize seismic-resilient reinforced concrete (RC) moment-resisting frame structures, a novel self-centering RC column with a rubber layer placed at the bottom (SRRC column) is proposed herein. For the column, the longitudinal reinforcement dissipates seismic energy, the rubber layer allows the rocking of the column, and the unbonded prestressed tendon enables self-centering capacity. A refined finite element model of the SRRC column is developed, the effectiveness of which is validated based on experimental results. Results show that the SRRC column exhibits stable energy dissipation capacity and no strength degradation; additionally, it can significantly reduce permanent residual deformation and mitigate damage to concrete. Extensive parametric studies pertaining to SRRC columns have been conducted to investigate the critical factors affecting their seismic performance.

关键词： seismic resilience     self-centering     rubber layer     flag-shaped hysteresis loop     parametric study    

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Parametric study of hexagonal castellated beams in post-tensioned self-centering steel connections

Hassan ABEDI SARVESTANI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期   页码 1020-1035 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0534-6

摘要： The effects of important parameters (beam reinforcing plates, initial post-tensioning, and material properties of steel angles) on the behavior of hexagonal castellated beams in post-tensioned self-centering (PTSC) connections undergone cyclic loading up to 4% lateral drift have been investigated by finite element (FE) analysis using ABAQUS. The PTSC connection is comprised of bolted top and bottom angles as energy dissipaters and steel strands to provide self-centering capacity. The FE analysis has also been validated against the experimental test. The new formulations derived from analytical method has been proposed to predict bending moment of PTSC connections. The web-post buckling in hexagonal castellated beams has been identified as the dominant failure mode when excessive initial post-tensioning force is applied to reach greater bending moment resistance, so it is required to limit the highest initial post-tensioning force to prevent this failure. Furthermore, properties of steel material has been simulated using bilinear elastoplastic modeling with 1.5% strain-hardening which has perfectly matched with the real material of steel angles. It is recommended to avoid using steel angles with high yielding strength since they lead to the yielding of bolt shank. The necessity of reinforcing plates to prevent beam flange from local buckling has been reaffirmed.

关键词： finite element analysis     hexagonal castellated beam     parametric study     post-tensioned self-centering steel connection     steel moment-resisting frame    

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Probabilistic safety assessment of self-centering steel braced frame

Navid RAHGOZAR, Nima RAHGOZAR, Abdolreza S. MOGHADAM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 163-182 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0384-z

摘要： The main drawback of conventional braced frames is implicitly accepting structural damage under the design earthquake load, which leads to considerable economic losses. Controlled rocking self-centering system as a modern low-damage system is capable of minimizing the drawbacks of conventional braced frames. This paper quantifies main limit states and investigates the seismic performance of self-centering braced frame using a Probabilistic Safety Assessment procedure. Margin of safety, confidence level, and mean annual frequency of the self-centering archetypes for their main limit states, including PT yield, fuse fracture, and global collapse, are established and are compared with their acceptance criteria. Considering incorporating aleatory and epistemic uncertainties, the efficiency of the system is examined. Results of the investigation indicate that the design of low- and mid-rise self-centering archetypes could provide the adequate margin of safety against exceeding the undesirable limit-states.

关键词： self-centering steel braced frame     mean annual frequency     safety assessment     confidence level     margin of safety    

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Seismic tests of post-tensioned self-centering building frames with column and slab restraints

Chung-Che CHOU, Jun-Hen CHEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 323-334 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0119-5

摘要： Post-tensioned (PT) self-centering moment frames have been developed as an alternative to typical moment-resisting frames (MRFs) for earthquake resistance. When a PT frame deforms laterally, gaps between the beams and columns open. However, the gaps are constrained by the columns and the slab in a real PT self-centering building frame. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating the column restraint and beam compression force based on the column deformation and gap openings at all stories. The method is verified by cyclic tests of a full-scale, two-bay by one-story PT frame. Moreover, a sliding slab is proposed to minimize restraints on the expansion of the PT frame. Shaking table tests were conducted on a reduced-scale, two-by-two bay one-story specimen, which comprises one PT frame and two gravitational frames. The PT frame and gravitational frames are self-centering throughout the tests, responding in phase with only minor differences in peak drifts caused by expansion of the PT frame. When the specimen is excited by a simulation of the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake with a peak ground acceleration of 1.87 g, the maximum interstory drift and the residual drift are 7.2% and 0.01%, respectively.

关键词： post-tensioned frame     frame expansion     column restraint     sliding slab     frame test     shake table test    

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Validation of a steel dual-core self-centering brace (DC-SCB) for seismic resistance: from brace member

Chung-Che CHOU,Ping-Ting CHUNG,Tsung-Han WU,Alexis Rafael Ovalle BEATO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 303-311 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0347-9

摘要： A steel dual-core self-centering brace (DC-SCB) is an innovative structural member that provides both energy dissipation and self-centering properties to structures, reducing maximum and residual drifts of structures in earthquakes. The axial deformation capacity of the DC-SCB is doubled by a parallel arrangement of two inner cores, one outer box and two sets of tensioning elements. This paper presents cyclic test results of a DC-SCB component and a full-scale one-story, one-bay steel frame with a DC-SCB. The DC-SCB that was near 8 m-long was tested to evaluate its cyclic behavior and durability. The DC-SCB performed well under a total of three increasing cyclic loading tests and 60 low-cycle fatigue loading tests without failure. The maximum axial load of the DC-SCB was near 1700 kN at an interstory drift of 2.5%. Moreover, a three-story dual-core self-centering braced frame (DC-SCBF) with a single-diagonal DC-SCB was designed and its first-story, one-bay DC-SCBF subassembly specimen was tested in multiple earthquake-type loadings. The one-story, one-bay subassembly frame specimen performed well up to an interstory drift of 2% with yielding at the column base and local buckling in the steel beam; no damage of the DC-SCB was found after all tests. The maximum residual drift of the DC-SCBF caused by beam local buckling was 0.5% in 2.0% drift cycles.

关键词： dual-core self-centering brace (DC-SCB)     braced frame tests     residual deformation    

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Self-centering steel plate shear walls for improving seismic resilience

Patricia M. CLAYTON,Daniel M. DOWDEN,Chao-Hsien LI,Jeffrey W. BERMAN,Michel BRUNEAU,Laura N. LOWES,Keh-Chuan TSAI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 283-290 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0344-z

摘要： As part of a Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation research project led by researchers at the University of Washington with collaborators at University at Buffalo, and Taiwan National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering, a self-centering steel plate shear wall (SC-SPSW) system has been developed to achieve enhanced seismic performance objectives, including recentering. The SC-SPSW consists of thin steel infill panels, referred to as web plates that serve as the primary lateral load-resisting and energy dissipating element of the system. Post-tensioned (PT) beam-to-column connections provide system recentering capabilities. A performance-based design procedure has been developed for the SC-SPSW, and a series of nonlinear response history analyses have been conducted to verify intended seismic performance at multiple hazard levels. Quasi-static subassembly tests, quasi-static and shake table tests of scaled three-story specimens, and pseudo-dynamic tests of two full-scale two-story SC-SPSWs have been conducted. As a culmination of this multi-year, multi-institutional project, this paper will present an overview of the SC-SPSW numerical and experimental research programs. This paper will also discuss innovative PT connection and web plate designs that were investigated to improve constructability, resilience, and seismic performance and that can be applied to other self-centering and steel plate shear wall systems.

关键词： self-centering     steel plate shear walls     large-scale experiment     post-tensioned connections     performance-based design    

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Computational studies on the seismic response of the State Route 99 bridge in Seattle with SMA/ECC plastic hinges

Jiping GE, M. Saiid SAIIDI, Sebastian VARELA

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期   页码 149-164 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0482-6

摘要： This paper reports a computational study on the seismic response of a three-span highway bridge system incorporating conventional and novel substructure details for improved seismic performance. The bridge has three continuous spans supported by two single-column piers and integral abutments founded on drilled shafts. It will be the first full-scale highway bridge to use superelastic shape memory alloy bars (SMA) and engineered cementitious composite (ECC) to mitigate column plastic hinge damage and minimize residual displacements after a strong earthquake. A three-dimensional computational model capturing the nonlinear constitutive response of the novel materials and the effects of dynamic soil-structure interaction was developed to assess the seismic response of the bridge in finite-element software OpenSees. Two versions of the same bridge were analyzed and compared, one with conventional cast-in-place reinforced concrete columns, and the other with top plastic hinges incorporating Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) SMA reinforcing bars and ECC. The novel SMA/ECC plastic hinges were found to substantially reduce damage and post-earthquake residual displacements in the bridge substructure, but led to larger maximum drifts relative to the bridge with conventional reinforced concrete plastic hinges. The analysis results suggested that the novel plastic hinges could lead to improved post-earthquake serviceability of bridges after intense earthquakes.

关键词： seismic design     analytical simulation     near-fault earthquakes     shape memory alloy     engineered cementitious composite     self-centering    

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Exploring self-organization and self-adaption for smart manufacturing complex networks

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 206-222 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0225-1

摘要： Trends toward the globalization of the manufacturing industry and the increasing demands for small-batch, short-cycle, and highly customized products result in complexities and fluctuations in both external and internal manufacturing environments, which poses great challenges to manufacturing enterprises. Fortunately, recent advances in the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and the widespread use of embedded processors and sensors in factories enable collecting real-time manufacturing status data and building cyber–physical systems for smart, flexible, and resilient manufacturing systems. In this context, this paper investigates the mechanisms and methodology of self-organization and self-adaption to tackle exceptions and disturbances in discrete manufacturing processes. Specifically, a general model of smart manufacturing complex networks is constructed using scale-free networks to interconnect heterogeneous manufacturing resources represented by network vertices at multiple levels. Moreover, the capabilities of physical manufacturing resources are encapsulated into virtual manufacturing services using cloud technology, which can be added to or removed from the networks in a plug-and-play manner. Materials, information, and financial assets are passed through interactive links across the networks. Subsequently, analytical target cascading is used to formulate the processes of self-organizing optimal configuration and self-adaptive collaborative control for multilevel key manufacturing resources while particle swarm optimization is used to solve local problems on network vertices. Consequently, an industrial case based on a Chinese engine factory demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model and method in handling typical exceptions. The simulation results show that the proposed mechanism and method outperform the event-triggered rescheduling method, reducing manufacturing cost, manufacturing time, waiting time, and energy consumption, with reasonable computational time. This work potentially enables managers and practitioners to implement active perception, active response, self-organization, and self-adaption solutions in discrete manufacturing enterprises.

关键词： cyber–physical systems     Industrial Internet of Things     smart manufacturing complex networks     self-organization and self-adaption     analytical target cascading     collaborative optimization    

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Experimental flexural behavior of SMA-FRP reinforced concrete beam

Adeel ZAFAR, Bassem ANDRAWES

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 341-355 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0221-y

摘要： The most critical drawback in currently used steel reinforcement in reinforced concrete (RC) structures is susceptibility to accumulation of plastic deformation under excessive loads. Many concrete structures due to damaged (yielded) steel reinforcement have undergone costly repairs and replacements. This research presents a new type of shape memory alloy (SMA)-based composite reinforcement with ability to withstand high elongation while exhibiting pseudo-elastic behavior. In this study, small diameter SMA wires are embedded in thermoset resin matrix with or without additional glass fibers to develop composite reinforcement. Manufacturing technique of new proposed composite is validated using microscopy images. The proposed SMA-FRP composite square rebars are first fabricated and then embedded in small scale concrete T-beam. 3-point bending test is conducted on manufactured RC beam using a cyclic displacement controlled regime until failure. It is found that the SMA-FRP composite reinforcement is able to enhance the performance of concrete member by providing re-centering and crack closing capability.

关键词： re-centering     shape memory alloys     concrete     composite     fiber reinforced polymer     scanning electron microscopy    

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Emerging trends in self-healable nanomaterials for triboelectric nanogenerators: A comprehensive review

《能源前沿（英文）》   页码 727-750 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0896-2

摘要： A thorough analysis of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) that make use of self-healable nanomaterials is presented in this review. These TENGs have shown promise as independent energy sources that do not require an external power source to function. TENGs are developing into a viable choice for powering numerous applications as low-power electronics technology advances. Despite having less power than conventional energy sources, TENGs do not directly compete with these. TENGs, on the other hand, provide unique opportunities for future self-powered systems and might encourage advancements in energy and sensor technologies. Examining the many approaches used to improve nanogenerators by employing materials with shape memory and self-healable characteristics is the main goal of this review. The findings of this comprehensive review provide valuable information on the advancements and possibilities of TENGs, which opens the way for further research and advancement in this field. The discussion of life cycle evaluations of TENGs provides details on how well they perform in terms of the environment and identifies potential improvement areas. Additionally, the cost-effectiveness, social acceptability, and regulatory implications of self-healing TENGs are examined, as well as their economic and societal ramifications.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)     self-healable nanomaterials     self-powered devices     energy    

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Modular structure of a self-reconfigurable robot

FEI Yanqiong, DONG Qinglei, ZHAO Xifang

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第1期   页码 116-119 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0020-z

摘要： This paper proposes a novel, hermaphroditic, and lattice self-reconfigurable modular robot. Each module is composed of a center body a cubic part and six sides that can rotate independently. There are two holes and two extensible pegs on each side. The rotary motion of each side and the extensible motion of the pegs are generated by a motor connected to a reducer, using a cone-shaped gear, belt, clutch, etc. The structure of the module is compact, and has space to extend further.

关键词： compact     self-reconfigurable modular     hermaphroditic     cone-shaped     clutch    

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Signal separation technology for diphase opposition giant magnetostrictive self-sensing actuator

Xinhua WANG, Shuwen SUN, Jian ZHEN, Qianyi YA, Deguo WANG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第5卷 第2期   页码 176-183 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0001-5

摘要： The structure and principle of a new type of a diphase opposition giant magnetostrictive self-sensing actuator is introduced. A bridge analysis model based on variable inductance is established. Dynamic balance separation technology for the giant magnetostrictive self-sensing actuator comes true by the least means square (LMS) self-adapting algorithm. The scheme design of one important part of the circuit with the real-time separation circuit of the dynamic balance signal based on a digital signal processor is obtained. The part of the signal separated circuit is designed, which includes logarithmic-antilog practical multiplication circuit, amplifying circuit, filter circuits, and amplifier circuit. Based on the embedded system simulation software—PROTUES, the simulation effect of the circuit that separates the sensing signal from the mixed signals is obvious, which indicates that the circuit can rapidly and stably work. Moreover, the structure is simple, reliable, and meets the practical requirement.

关键词： giant magnetostrictive material (GMM) self-sensing actuator     least means square (LMS) self-adapting algorithm     design of self-adaptive circuit    

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Behaviour of self-centring shear walls——A state of the art review

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 53-77 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0850-0

摘要： The application of unbonded post-tensioning (PT) in structural walls has led to the development of advanced self-centring (rocking) shear wall systems that has significant advantages, including accelerated construction due to the incorporation of prefabricated elements and segmental construction for different materials (e.g., concrete, masonry, and timber), reduced residual drifts, and little damage upon extreme seismic and wind loads. Concrete, masonry, and timber are often used for the construction of unbonded PT structural wall systems. Despite extensive research since the 1980s, there are no well-established design guidelines available on the shear wall configuration with the required energy dissipation system, joint’s locations and acceptance criteria for shear sliding, confinement, seismic performance factors, PT loss, PT force range and residual drifts of shear walls subjected to lateral loads. In this research a comprehensive state-of-the-art literature review was performed on self-centring shear wall system. An extensive study was carried out to collect a database of 100 concrete, masonry, and self-centring shear wall tests from the literature. The established database was then used to review shear walls’ configurations, material, and components to benchmark requirements applicable for design purposes. The behaviour of concrete, masonry and timber shear walls were compared and critically analysed. The general behaviour, force-displacement performance of the walls, ductility, and seismic response factors, were critically reviewed and analysed for different self-centring wall systems to understand the effect of different parameters including configurations of the walls, material used for construction of the wall (concrete, masonry, timber) and axial stress ratio. The outcome of this research can be used to better understand the behaviour of self-centring wall system in order to develop design guidelines for such walls.

关键词： self-centring shear walls     rocking walls     energy dissipation     seismic performance factors     PT loss     residual drift    

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Recycled glass replacement as fine aggregate in self-compacting concrete

Yasser SHARIFI, Mahmoud HOUSHIAR, Behnam AGHEBATI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 419-428 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0224-8

摘要： With increasing environmental pressure to reduce solid waste and to recycle as much as possible, the concrete industry has adopted a number of methods to achieve this goal by replacement of waste glass with concrete composition materials. Due to differences in mixture design, placement and consolidation techniques, the strength and durability of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) may be different than those of conventional concrete. Therefore, replacement of waste glass with fine aggregate in SCC should deeply be investigated compared to conventional concretes. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of glass replacement with fine aggregate on the SCC properties. In present study, fine aggregate has been replaced with waste glass in six different weight ratios ranging from 0% to 50%. Fresh results indicate that the flow-ability characteristics have been increased as the waste glass incorporated to paste volume. Nevertheless, compressive, flexural and splitting strengths of concrete containing waste glass have been shown to decrease when the content of waste glass is increased. The strength reduction of concrete in different glass replacement ratios is not remarkable, thus it can be produced SCC with waste glass as fine aggregate in a standard manner.

关键词： Self Compacting Concrete (SCC)     recycle glass     fine aggregate     fresh and hardened properties    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Experimental study of the restoring force mechanism in the self-centering beam (SCB)

Abhilasha MAURYA,Matthew R. EATHERTON

期刊论文

Parametric study on seismic performance of self-centering reinforced concrete column with bottom-placed

期刊论文

Parametric study of hexagonal castellated beams in post-tensioned self-centering steel connections

Hassan ABEDI SARVESTANI

期刊论文

Probabilistic safety assessment of self-centering steel braced frame

Navid RAHGOZAR, Nima RAHGOZAR, Abdolreza S. MOGHADAM

期刊论文

Seismic tests of post-tensioned self-centering building frames with column and slab restraints

Chung-Che CHOU, Jun-Hen CHEN

期刊论文

Validation of a steel dual-core self-centering brace (DC-SCB) for seismic resistance: from brace member

Chung-Che CHOU,Ping-Ting CHUNG,Tsung-Han WU,Alexis Rafael Ovalle BEATO

期刊论文

Self-centering steel plate shear walls for improving seismic resilience

Patricia M. CLAYTON,Daniel M. DOWDEN,Chao-Hsien LI,Jeffrey W. BERMAN,Michel BRUNEAU,Laura N. LOWES,Keh-Chuan TSAI

期刊论文

Computational studies on the seismic response of the State Route 99 bridge in Seattle with SMA/ECC plastic hinges

Jiping GE, M. Saiid SAIIDI, Sebastian VARELA

期刊论文

Exploring self-organization and self-adaption for smart manufacturing complex networks

期刊论文

Experimental flexural behavior of SMA-FRP reinforced concrete beam

Adeel ZAFAR, Bassem ANDRAWES

期刊论文

Emerging trends in self-healable nanomaterials for triboelectric nanogenerators: A comprehensive review

期刊论文

Modular structure of a self-reconfigurable robot

FEI Yanqiong, DONG Qinglei, ZHAO Xifang

期刊论文

Signal separation technology for diphase opposition giant magnetostrictive self-sensing actuator

Xinhua WANG, Shuwen SUN, Jian ZHEN, Qianyi YA, Deguo WANG,

期刊论文

Behaviour of self-centring shear walls——A state of the art review

期刊论文

Recycled glass replacement as fine aggregate in self-compacting concrete

Yasser SHARIFI, Mahmoud HOUSHIAR, Behnam AGHEBATI

期刊论文