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含钒钢渣 1

固体废弃物 1

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碱激发矿渣混凝土 1

等离子体渣烟化 1

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Variability of waste copper slag concrete and its effect on the seismic safety of reinforced concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 117-130 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0788-7

摘要： Proven research output on the behavior of structures made of waste copper slag concrete can improve its utilization in the construction industry and thereby help to develop a sustainable built environment. Although numerous studies on waste copper slag concrete can be found in the published literature, no research has focused on the structural application of this type of concrete. In particular, the variability in the strength properties of waste copper slag concrete, which is required for various structural applications, such as limit state design formulation, reliability-based structural analysis, etc., has so far not attracted the attention of researchers. This paper quantifies the uncertainty associated with the compressive-, flexural- and split tensile strength of hardened concrete with different dosages of waste copper slag as fine aggregate. Best-fit probability distribution models are proposed based on statistical analyses of strength data generated from laboratory experiments. In addition, the paper presents a reliability-based seismic risk assessment of a typical waste copper slag incorporated reinforced concrete framed building, considering the proposed distribution model. The results show that waste copper slag can be safely used for seismic resistant structures as it results in an identical probability of failure and dispersion in the drift demand when compared with a conventional concrete building made of natural sand.

关键词： waste copper slag quantification of variability goodness-of-fit test seismic risk assessment PSDM

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Utilization of alkali-activated copper slag as binder in concrete

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第3期页码 773-780 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0722-z

摘要： This study was focused on developing concrete using alkali-activated copper slag (AACS) as a binder. The properties of alkali-activated copper slag concrete (AACSC) were compared with portland cement concrete (PCC). Different AACSC mixes were prepared with varying Na₂O dosage (6% and 8% of the binder by weight) and curing methods. Hydration products in AACSC were retrieved using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) techniques. The test results indicate that the workability of AACSC was lesser than that of PCC. The AACSC mix with 6% Na₂O dosage has exhibited similar mechanical properties as that of PCC. The mechanical properties of AACSC were higher than PCC when 8% of Na₂O dosage was used. Heat curing was effective to upgrade the strength properties of AACSC at an early age of curing, but at a later age mechanical properties of ambient cured and heat-cured AACSC were comparable. The hydration products of AACSC were not identified in XRD patterns, whereas, in FTIR spectra of AACSC some alkali-activated reaction products were reflected. The AACSC mixes were found to be more sustainable than PCC. It has been concluded that AACSC can be produced similarly to that of PCC and ambient curing is sufficient.

关键词： binder concrete mechanical properties mineralogy workability

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Effect of fly ash and slag on concrete: Properties and emission analyses

Vivian W. Y. TAM, Khoa N. LE, Ana Catarina Jorge EVANGELISTA, Anthony BUTERA, Cuong N. N. TRAN, Ashraf TEARA

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 395-405 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0019-2

摘要： Recycled concrete is a material with the potential to create a sustainable construction industry. However, recycled concrete presents heterogeneous properties, thereby reducing its applications for some structural purposes and enhancing its application in pavements. This paper provides an insight into a solution in the deformation control for recycled concrete by adding supplementary cementitious materials fly ash and blast furnace slag. Results of this study indicated that the 50% fly ash replacement of Portland cement increased the rupture modulus of the recycled concrete. Conversely, a mixture with over 50% cement replacement by either fly ash or slag or a combination of both exhibited detrimental effect on the compressive strength, rupture modulus, and drying shrinkage. The combined analysis of environmental impacts and mechanical properties of recycled concrete demonstrated the possibility of optimizing the selection of recycled concrete because the best scenario in this study was obtained with the concrete mixture M8 (50% of fly ash+ 100% recycled coarse aggregate).

关键词： recycled aggregate recycled concrete fly ash and slag

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Performance assessment of Alccofine with silica fume, fly ash and slag for development of high strength

Shivang D. JAYSWAL; Mahesh MUNGULE

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第5期页码 576-588 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0826-0

摘要： Previous studies on concrete have identified silica fume (SF) as the most effective supplementary material, whereas fly ash (FA) and slag have been identified as economical materials with long term strength potential. Development of blended cement mortar referred to as blended mortar (BM) requires similar assessment. The present study explores the application of Alccofine (AL) as supplementary material and compares its performance with conventional materials namely SF, FA and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS). The mortar specimens with binder to fine-aggregates (b/f ) ratio of 1:2 are prepared at water to binder (w/b) ratios of 0.4 and 0.35. The strength values and stress-strain curve for control and BM specimens are obtained at 7, 28, 56, and 90 d curing periods. The assessment based on strength activity index, k-value method and strength estimation model confirms that AL, despite lower pozzolanic activity, contributes to strength gain, due to reduced dilution effect. Assessment of stress-strain curves suggests that the effect of w/b ratio is more dominant on the elastic modulus of BM specimens than on control specimens. The observations from the study identify enhanced strength gain, improved elastic modulus and higher energy absorption as key contributions of AL making it a potential supplementary material.

关键词： Alccofine high strength mortar efficiency factor dilution effect

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network model on tensile behavior of hybrid steel-PVA fiber reinforced concrete containing fly ash and slag

Fangyu LIU, Wenqi DING, Yafei QIAO, Linbing WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第6期页码 1299-1315 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0712-6

摘要： The tensile behavior of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete (HFRC) is important to the design of HFRC and HFRC structure. This study used an artificial neural network (ANN) model to describe the tensile behavior of HFRC. This ANN model can describe well the tensile stress-strain curve of HFRC with the consideration of 23 features of HFRC. In the model, three methods to process output features (no-processed, mid-processed, and processed) are discussed and the mid-processed method is recommended to achieve a better reproduction of the experimental data. This means the strain should be normalized while the stress doesn’t need normalization. To prepare the database of the model, both many direct tensile test results and the relevant literature data are collected. Moreover, a traditional equation-based model is also established and compared with the ANN model. The results show that the ANN model has a better prediction than the equation-based model in terms of the tensile stress-strain curve, tensile strength, and strain corresponding to tensile strength of HFRC. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the ANN model is also performed to analyze the contribution of each input feature to the tensile strength and strain corresponding to tensile strength. The mechanical properties of plain concrete make the main contribution to the tensile strength and strain corresponding to tensile strength, while steel fibers tend to make more contributions to these two items than PVA fibers.

关键词： artificial neural network hybrid fiber reinforced concrete tensile behavior sensitivity analysis stress-strain curve

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含钒钢渣中钒再资源化的基础研究

董元篪,武杏荣,余　亮,李辽沙

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第1期页码 63-68

摘要：

采用熔融－冷却方法并在渣中分别添加SiO₂和Al₂O₃进行改性，讨论了含钒钢渣中钒的富集以及钒富集相的结晶与生长。研究表明，在添加SiO₂的含钒钢渣中，钒由分布在2CaO·SiO₂(C₂S)和2CaO·Fe₂O₃(C₂F)。两个相中转变为集中分布在Ca₃[(V,P,Si)]O₄]₂固溶体相中，其中 V₂O的质量分数达到24.38％，但是生成的钒富集相晶体尺寸较小；在添加Al₂O₃的钢渣中，钒同样也富集在 Ca₃[(V,P,Si)]O₄]₂固溶体相中，其中 V₂O₅的质量分数达到14.90％。晶化试验表明，钒富集相核化存在非均匀核化与均匀核化，温度分别在1350℃ 和1325 ℃ ；在1300 ℃ 保温条件下，钒富集相的晶体由 5 min 的 6.24 μm 生长到 580 min 的 25.19 μm，单位面积上的晶体数随之下降。

关键词：含钒钢渣富集钒富集相晶体生长固溶体

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碱激发矿渣混凝土的水化特性及微观结构研究进展 Review

傅强,卜梦鑫, 张兆瑞, 许文瑞, 元强, 牛荻涛

《工程（英文）》 2023年第20卷第1期页码 162-179 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.026

摘要：

碱激发矿渣混凝土（alkali-activated slag concrete, AASC）是一种新型的绿色建材，与普通硅酸盐混凝土相比，

关键词：碱激发矿渣混凝土水化特性孔结构界面过渡区微观结构

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Sulfate digestion process for high purity TiO

T. A. LASHEEN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 155-160 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0005-z

摘要： A titania slag product of Rosetta ilmenite assaying 72% TiO is treated by the sulfate process option of the pigmentary TiO manufacture. The relevant factors of acid concentration, particle size, slag/acid ratio besides the reaction temperature, and time have been studied. After dissolving the cured mass in dilute acid and clarification, the obtained solution was subjected to hydrolysis of its titanium content. The final product was bleached under reducing conditions to redissolve the residual coloring impurities before being dewatered and calcinated. The obtained results indicated that a leaching efficiency of about 92% was realized due to the presence of some refractory components in the working slag material, namely, rutile and magnesium iron titanate. The obtained white pigment assay attained up to 99.85% TiO , while the analyzed impurities involve 77 ppm Mn and only 14 and 7 ppm of total iron and V, respectively.

关键词： titania slag sulfate process pigment

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Characterization of landfilled stainless steel slags in view of metal recovery

Xuan Wang, Daneel Geysen, Tom Van Gerven, Peter T. Jones, Bart Blanpain, Muxing Guo

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 353-362 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1656-9

摘要： The slag samples taken from landfill, which originated from different metallurgical processes, have been characterized in this study. The slags were categorized as electric arc furnace (EAF) slag, argon oxygen decarburization/metal refining process slag and vacuum oxygen decarburization slag based on chromium content and basicity. EAF slags have higher potential in metal recovery than the other two slags due to its higher iron and chromium contents. The size of the iron-chromium-nickel alloy particles varies from a few µm up to several cm. The recoveries of large metal particles and metal-spinel aggregates have potential to make the metal recovery from landfilled slags economically viable.

关键词： landfilled stainless steel slag metal recovery characterization

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Properties of cement grout modified with ultra-fine slag

Sowmini GOPINATHAN, K B ANAND

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第1期页码 58-66 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0383-0

摘要： The purpose of the study is to obtain a cement grout with improved performance. The grout mixes of the present study contain cement, ultra-fine slag (UFS), super plasticizer and water. Properties like flowability, bleeding, compressive strength and shrinkage of cement grouts have been studied. Rheological parameters were also studied in order to explain the grout workability. The results show that, cement replacement with slag in grouts could reduce bleeding substantially without affecting the workability of the mixes. Introduction of slag enhanced the compressive strength and reduced shrinkage reasonably. Ultra-fine slag can be used as a supplementary cementitious material in cementitious grouts in order to improve the grout behavior.

关键词： cement grout ultra-fine slag flowability bleeding viscosity

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A critical review of ash slagging mechanisms and viscosity measurement for low-rank coal and bio-slags

Md Tanvir ALAM, Baiqian DAI, Xiaojiang WU, Andrew HOADLEY, Lian ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第1期页码 46-67 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0807-8

摘要： Gasification or combustion of coal and biomass is the most important form of power generation today. However, the use of coal/biomass at high temperatures has an inherent problem related to the ash generated. The formation of ash leads to a problematic phenomenon called slagging. Slagging is the accumulation of molten ash on the walls of the furnace, gasifier, or boiler and is detrimental as it reduces the heat transfer rate, and the combustion/gasification rate of unburnt carbon, causes mechanical failure, high-temperature corrosion and on occasions, superheater explosions. To improve the gasifier/combustor facility, it is very important to understand the key ash properties, slag characteristics, viscosity and critical viscosity temperature. This paper reviews the content, compositions, and melting characteristics of ashes in differently ranked coal and biomass, and discusses the formation mechanism, characteristics, and structure of slag. In particular, this paper focuses on low-rank coal and biomass that have been receiving increased attention recently. Besides, it reviews the available methodologies and formulae for slag viscosity measurement/prediction and summarizes the current limitations and potential applications. Moreover, it discusses the slagging behavior of different ranks of coal and biomass by examining the applicability of the current viscosity measurement methods to these fuels, and the viscosity prediction models and factors that affect the slag viscosity. This review shows that the existing viscosity models and slagging indices can only satisfactorily predict the viscosity and slagging propensity of high-rank coals but cannot predict the slagging propensity and slag viscosity of low-rank coal, and especially biomass ashes, even if they are limited to a particular composition only. Thus, there is a critical need for the development of an index, or a model or even a measurement method, which can predict/measure the slagging propensity and slag viscosity correctly for all low-rank coal and biomass ashes.

关键词： slag viscosity biomass low-rank coal combustion gasification

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Compressive strength and stability of sustainable self-consolidating concrete containing fly ash, silica fume, and GGBS

Osama Ahmed MOHAMED, Omar Fawwaz NAJM

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 406-411 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0350-1

摘要： This paper presents the findings of an experimental program seeking to understand the effect of mineral admixtures on fresh and hardened properties of sustainable self-consolidating concrete (SCC) mixes where up to 80% of Portland cement was replaced with fly ash, silica fume, or ground granulated blast furnace slag. Compressive strength of SCC mixes was measured after 3, 7, and 28 days of moist curing. It was concluded in this study that increasing the dosage of fly ash increases concrete flow but also decreases segregation resistance. In addition, for the water-to-cement ratio of 0.36 used in this study, it was observed that the compressive strength decreases compared to control mix after 28 days of curing when cement was partially replaced by 10%, 30%, and 40% of fly ash. However, a fly ash replacement ratio of 20% increased the compressive strength by a small margin compared to the control mix. Replacing cement with silica fume at 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% was found to increase compressive strength of SCC mixes compared to the control mix. However, the highest 28 day compressive strength of 95.3 MPa occurred with SCC mixes in which 15% of the cement was replaced with silica fume.

关键词： fly ash silica fume ground granulated blast-furnace slag self-consolidating concrete and sustainable concrete

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工业废渣资源化——针铁矿渣价值化过程的环境影响评价 Article

Andrea Di Maria, Karel Van Acker

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第3期页码 421-429 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.05.008

摘要：

针铁矿是锌生产过程中产生的富含金属的灰渣。从针铁矿中回收金属被证明是可行的，但大规模回收不具备经济可行性。因此，目前针铁矿采用填埋处理，不仅经济成本高，而且环境风险大。本研究的目标是对一种新的针铁矿灰渣稳定化方法进行环境影响评价，该方法旨在回收针铁矿中有用的锌并通过生成清洁副产物避免填埋针铁矿。所述的针铁矿稳定化方法包含两道工序：① 等离子体烟化和②烟化渣无机聚合。等离子体烟化通过针铁矿烟化回收有用金属。脱去金属的烟化渣经无机聚合形成无机聚合物，无机聚合物可作为一种新建材代替普通硅酸盐水泥（OPC）混凝土。生命周期评价（LCA）用于比较无机聚合物的环境影响与等效普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土的环境影响。生命周期评价结果显示烟化法和无机聚合的环境负担与回收金属、代替普通硅酸盐水泥混凝土、避免针铁矿填埋的环境效益之间此消彼长的关系。由于避免了针铁矿的填埋，用针铁矿生产无机聚合物在一些环境影响类别里的环境表现更好。然而，在全球变暖等另外一些环境影响类别里，针铁矿稳定化受到等离子体烟化法高能耗要求的影响很大，能耗要求高是本文提出的针铁矿回收方案的环境热点。本文指出了实现针铁矿可持续稳定化的关键要素，包括使用清洁能源、提高烟化气排放控制的有效性和通过提高无机聚合过程的效率减少烟化渣的使用。

关键词：针铁矿回收利用等离子体渣烟化无机聚合生命周期评价

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Characteristics of the stabilized/solidified municipal solid wastes incineration fly ash and the leaching behavior of Cr and Pb

Yan SHAO,Haobo HOU,Guangxing WANG,Sha WAN,Min ZHOU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 192-200 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0719-0

摘要： Fly ash is a hazardous byproduct of municipal solid wastes incineration (MSWI). An alkali activated blast furnace slag-based cementitious material was used to stabilize/solidify the fly ash at experimental level. The characteristics of the stabilized/solidified fly ash, including metal leachability, mineralogical characteristics and the distributions of metals in matrices, were tested by toxic characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS) respectively. Continuous acid extraction was utilized to extract metal ions and characterize their leaching behavior. The stabilization/solidification procedure for MSWI fly ash demonstrates a strong fixing capacity for the metals by the formation of C-S-H phase, hydrated calcium aluminosilicate and ettringite. The stabilized/solidified fly ash shows a dense and homogeneous microstructure. Cr is mainly solidified in hydrated calcium aluminosilicate, C-S-H and ettringite phase through physical encapsulation, precipitation, adsorption or substitution mechanisms, and Pb is mainly solidified in C-S-H phase and absorbed in the Si-O structure.

关键词： municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash blast furnace slag leaching behavior Cr Pb