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Crowd modeling based on purposiveness and a destination-driven analysis method Research Articles

Ning Ding, Weimin Qi, Huihuan Qian,hhqian@cuhk.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 10,   Pages 1351-1369 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000312

Abstract: This study focuses on the multiphase flow properties of crowd motions. Stability is a crucial forewarning factor for the crowd. To evaluate the behaviors of newly arriving pedestrians and the stability of a crowd, a novel motion structure analysis model is established based on purposiveness, and is used to describe the continuity of pedestrians’ pursuing their own goals. We represent the crowd with self-driven particles using a destination-driven analysis method. These self-driven particles are trackable feature points detected from human bodies. Then we use trajectories to calculate these self-driven particles’ purposiveness and select trajectories with high purposiveness to estimate the common destinations and the inherent structure of the crowd. Finally, we use these common destinations and the crowd structure to evaluate the behavior of newly arriving pedestrians and . Our studies show that the purposiveness parameter is a suitable descriptor for middle-density human crowds, and that the proposed destination-driven analysis method is capable of representing complex crowd motion behaviors. Experiments using synthetic and real data and videos of both human and animal crowds have been conducted to validate the proposed method.

Keywords： 人群建模；智能视频监控；人群稳定性    

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Research on Social Risk of the Massing Crowd in Public Venues

Li Jianfeng,Liu Mao,Sui Xiaolin

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 6,   Pages 88-93

Abstract:

As the development of cities becomes more quick,  the accidents happened in public venues resulted form massing crowd become more and more.  This paper uses social risk to quantify the risk. On one hand,  in terms of former research outcome,  the paper deems that the occurrences of the accidents in public venues,  in a time span, can be described as Poisson distribution, and then, the quantitative model of accident occurrence probabilities can be reasonal out. On the other hand, through the sum of the occurrences of accidents of different severity level, which is to embody the situational probability of accidents of different severity level with its frequencies,  the outcome of accidents mortalities will be obtained,  which is used to figure out the probabilities of the accidents of different casualty numbers. In the end,  the F - N curve will be achieved. To use the F - N curve,  it is able to analyse the social risk of crowd massing venues.  Taking some statistical accidents as references,  it describes how to use the model.  The result proves the model is reasonable and accurate to a certain extent.

Keywords： crowd massing risk     social risk     F-N curve     quantitative risk analysis    

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Forget less, count better: a domain-incremental self-distillation learning benchmark for lifelong crowd counting Research Article

Jiaqi GAO, Jingqi LI, Hongming SHAN, Yanyun QU, James Z. WANG, Fei-Yue WANG, Junping ZHANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 2,   Pages 187-202 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200380

Abstract: has important applications in public safety and pandemic control. A robust and practical system has to be capable of continuously learning with the newly incoming domain data in real-world scenarios instead of fitting one domain only. Off-the-shelf methods have some drawbacks when handling multiple domains: (1) the models will achieve limited performance (even drop dramatically) among old domains after training images from new domains due to the discrepancies in intrinsic data distributions from various domains, which is called catastrophic forgetting; (2) the well-trained model in a specific domain achieves imperfect performance among other unseen domains because of domain shift; (3) it leads to linearly increasing storage overhead, either mixing all the data for training or simply training dozens of separate models for different domains when new ones are available. To overcome these issues, we investigate a new task in incremental domain training setting called lifelong . Its goal is to alleviate catastrophic forgetting and improve the generalization ability using a single model updated by the incremental domains. Specifically, we propose a self-distillation learning framework as a benchmark (forget less, count better, or FLCB) for lifelong , which helps the model leverage previous meaningful knowledge in a sustainable manner for better to mitigate the forgetting when new data arrive. A new quantitative metric, normalized Backward Transfer (nBwT), is developed to evaluate the forgetting degree of the model in the process. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our proposed benchmark in achieving a low catastrophic forgetting degree and strong generalization ability.

Keywords： Crowd counting     Knowledge distillation     Lifelong learning    

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A novel convolutional neural network method for crowd counting Research Articles

Jie-hao Huang, Xiao-guang Di, Jun-de Wu, Ai-yue Chen,18s004055@hit.edu.cn,dixiaoguang@hit.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 8,   Pages 1119-1266 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900282

Abstract: Crowd , in general, is a challenging task due to the large variation of head sizes in the crowds. Existing methods always use a multi-column convolutional neural network (MCNN) to adapt to this variation, which results in an average effect in areas with different densities and brings a lot of noise to the density map. To address this problem, we propose a new method called the segmentation-aware prior network (SAPNet), which generates a high-quality density map without noise based on a coarse head-segmentation map. SAPNet is composed of two networks, i.e., a foreground-segmentation convolutional neural network (FS-CNN) as the front end and a crowd-regression convolutional neural network (CR-CNN) as the back end. With only the single dot annotation, we generate the ground truth of segmentation masks in heads. Then, based on the ground truth, FS-CNN outputs a coarse head-segmentation map, which helps eliminate the noise in regions without people in the density map. By inputting the head-segmentation map generated by the front end, CR-CNN performs accurate estimation and generates a high-quality density map. We demonstrate SAPNet on four datasets (i.e., ShanghaiTech, UCF-CC-50, WorldExpo’10, and UCSD), and show the state-of-the-art performances on ShanghaiTech part and UCF-CC-50 datasets.

Keywords： Crowd counting     Density estimation     Segmentation prior map     Uniform function    

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Current Status of Blood Lipid Level and Prevention Strategy of Lipid Disorder in Chinese Population

Chen Haozhu,Jin Xuejuan

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 11,   Pages 1-6

Abstract:

To assess current status of serum lipid levels in healthy inhabitants of China and their secular trend in the past 5 decades. Methods： The authors reviewed the contemporary literature (studies published between 1959 and 2002; bibliographies of reviews and original articles). Articles were included if they were following a standardized protocol for serum collection and lipid examination. Thirty-five articles in different target population from Beijin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Tianjin and Kunming met inclusion criteria. This paper summarized important results of these studies and also the author´s own study performed in Shanghai on lipid epidemiology. Results： (1)The levels of blood total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) increased along with the age. The levels of TC, TG and LDL-C among women before fifty were similar to that of among men of the same age, but higher in women than men over fifty. The TC, TG and LDL-C levels were higher in urban area than in rural area. (2) The levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) kept stability with aging, and they were lower in men than in women. (3)Secular trend analyses showed that the level of TC, TG and LDL-C increased steadily and significantly in all population, which reached the highest level at the end of 1990s, while HDL-C level decreased. (4) The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (TC＞ 200 - 220 mg/dL) differed greatly among different population, from 17.8% to 54.9% in men, and from 14.9% to 53.4% in women, respectively. (5) Possible determinants for these changes were alternations in the composition of the diet in Chinese population along with the rise of living standards of the people. Daily intake of dietary fat, animal protein and cholesterol increased, while the proportion of carbohydrate decreased. (6) Coronary heart disease has been become the most common heart disease in China correlating with these changes. Prevention strategies： Primary prevention including： (1) resume healthy diet and have reasonable composition of the diet; (2) have lifestyle modifications and reduce other coronary heart disease risk; (3) recommendation for increasing physical activity. Secondary prevention including： If the patient did not achieve recommended target lipid levels after 3 months of lifestyle modifications (dietary therapy and physical activity), he or she should receive pharmacotherapy for dislipidemia.

Keywords： blood lipids     epidemiology     prevention    

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Development of Simulation Technologies and Researches of Modeling Theory for Power Plant in China

Lü Chongde,Fan Yongsheng,Cai Ruizhong

Strategic Study of CAE 1999, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 99-103

Abstract:

In this paper the development of simulation technologies and modeling theory of the fossil power generating unit in China is discussed and analysed. Authors described developing process of the fossil power simulators from scientific researches to achieving the most quantity in the world. While the information of electric power simulators distributed over the world is given. The key technologies——modeling theory and method of the thermal system simulation are summarized. Authors expounded the lumped parameter model, distributed parameter model, dynamic revised model of high precision lumped parameter and other model. These model equations are applied various simulated objects and different simulation precision.

Keywords： system simulation     modeling     electric power    

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The Military Large-scale Complex System's Modeling and Simulation Based on Agent

Li Honggang,Lü Hui,Liu Xingtang

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 8,   Pages 40-44

Abstract:

First of all this paper introduces the composition and the principle of agent and makes thorough analysis of modeling process of military large-scale complex system, then presents the modeling and simulating result of the military large-scale complex system, and makes an analysis of the simulating result.

Keywords： complex system     agent     modeling and simulation    

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Fuzzy Modeling Theory on Production Scheduling： A Survey

Zhang Hong,Li qiqiang,Guo qingqiang,Zhang Peng,Gao Yuan

Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 12,   Pages 92-102

Abstract:

A brief survey on classical modeling theory of production scheduling is presented in this paper. With the combination of fuzzy mathematical theory and classical modeling or intelligent methods, a brief survey on fuzzy modeling theory is also presented. Some perspective viewpoints are pointed out in the last section of the paper.

Keywords： production scheduling     fuzzy mathematics     fuzzy modeling    

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Study on the Modern Building Models & Optimum Technique——Application of Water Saving System for Well Irrigation Rice in Sanjiang Plain

Fu Qiang

Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 6,   Pages 44-55

Abstract:

The author applies covertly and macroscopically the SPAC theory model to the water saving system of well irrigation rice in Sanjiang Plain. Several sub-systems have been taken as a whole large system, such as groundwater, machine well, sunning water pool, channel, field, environment and so on. Through applying modern building models and optimization technique, the author analyzes the mechanism and theory of each subsystem, some mathematical models about groundwater, sunning water pool, channel, water production function, water requirement and available rainfall have been built. At last, through designing the typical demonstration area, the author combines several water-saving techniques into a whole system. Thus, the goal of raising water temperature 5～15℃ , saving water 17.1% and increasing yield 700 ～1 000 kg/hm2 canbe reached.

Keywords： building models     optimization     Sanjiang Plain     well irrigation rice     system    

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Study on modeling and emulation of VENSIMfor ordering system in steel enterprises

Zou Anquan,Yu Qi,Qin Zhongchi,Yang Fang,Dai Enyong

Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 2,   Pages 60-64

Abstract:

Ordering models are essential for most corporations , which are used to arrange the industrial production by the marketing situation . In the most supply chain enterprises , production is organized according to its sale , the ordering model of enterprises is especially important . In the case of retail ordering in steel enterprises , system dynamics is used to analyze the model of retail ordering system , and simulation analysis is aimed at its realism , then the retail ordering tactic in steel enterprises is proposed .

Keywords： ordering model     modeling and simulation     steel enterprise    

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Upstream Operations in the Oil Industry: Rigorous Modeling of an Electrostatic Coalescer

Francesco Rossi, Simone Colombo, Sauro Pierucci, Eliseo Ranzi, Flavio Manenti

Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 220-231 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.013

Abstract:

This paper deals with a first-principle mathematical model that describes the electrostatic coalescer units devoted to the separation of water from oil in water-in-oil emulsions, which are typical of the upstream operations in oil fields. The main phenomena governing the behavior of the electrostatic coalescer are described, starting from fundamental laws. In addition, the gradual coalescence of the emulsion droplets is considered in the mathematical modeling in a dynamic fashion, as the phenomenon is identified as a key step in the overall yield of the unit operation. The resulting differential system with boundary conditions is then integrated via performing numerical libraries, and the simulation results confirm the available literature and the industrial data. A sensitivity analysis is provided with respect to the main parameters. The mathematical model results in a flexible tool that is useful for the purposes of design, unit behavior prediction, performance monitoring, and optimization.

Keywords： Upstream operations     Electrostatic coalescer     Desalter     Rigorous modeling     Water-oil emulsion    

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Hybrid Data-Driven and Mechanistic Modeling Approaches for Multiscale Material and Process Design Perspective

Teng Zhou, Rafiqul Gani, Kai Sundmacher

Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 9,   Pages 1231-1238 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.12.022

Abstract:

The world’s increasing population requires the process industry to produce food, fuels, chemicals, and consumer products in a more efficient and sustainable way. Functional process materials lie at the heart of this challenge. Traditionally, new advanced materials are found empirically or through trial-and-error approaches. As theoretical methods and associated tools are being continuously improved and computer power has reached a high level, it is now efficient and popular to use computational methods to guide material selection and design. Due to the strong interaction between material selection and the operation of the process in which the material is used, it is essential to perform material and process design simultaneously. Despite this significant connection, the solution of the integrated material and process design problem is not easy because multiple models at different scales are usually required. Hybrid modeling provides a promising option to tackle such complex design problems. In hybrid modeling, the material properties, which are computationally expensive to obtain, are described by data-driven models, while the well-known process-related principles are represented by mechanistic models. This article highlights the significance of hybrid modeling in multiscale material and process design. The generic design methodology is first introduced. Six important application areas are then selected: four from the chemical engineering field and two from the energy systems engineering domain. For each selected area, state-ofthe- art work using hybrid modeling for multiscale material and process design is discussed. Concluding remarks are provided at the end, and current limitations and future opportunities are pointed out.

Keywords： Data-driven     Surrogate model     Machine learning     Hybrid modeling     Material design     Process optimization    

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Detecting interaction/complexitywithin crowd movements using braid entropy Research Papers

Murat AKPULAT, Murat EKİNCİ

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 6,   Pages 849-861 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800313

Abstract:

The segmentation of moving and non-moving regions in an image within the field of crowd analysis is a crucial process in terms of understanding crowd behavior. In many studies, similar movements were segmented according to the location, adjacency to each other, direction, and average speed. However, these segments may not in turn indicate the same types of behavior in each region. The purpose of this study is to better understand crowd behavior by locally measuring the degree of interaction/complexity within the segment. For this purpose, the flow of motion in the image is primarily represented as a series of trajectories. The image is divided into hexagonal cells and the finite time braid entropy (FTBE) values are calculated according to the different projection angles of each cell. These values depend on the complexity of the spiral structure that the trajectories generated throughout the movement and show the degree of interaction among pedestrians. In this study, behaviors of different complexities determined in segments are pictured as similar movements on the whole. This study has been tested on 49 different video sequences from the UCF and CUHK databases.

Keywords： Crowd behavior     Motion segmentation     Motion entropy     Crowd scene analysis     Complexity detection     Braid entropy    

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Study on modeling and simulation analysis for tailless configured V/STOL

Fan Yong,Zhu Jihong,Meng Xianyu,Liu Kai,Yang Xili

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 3,   Pages 107-112

Abstract:

The mathematical model was studied by mechanical analysis and CFD (computing fluid dynamics) computation. Besides, an intelligent adaptive based control law was proposed and the optimization approach is employed to solve the constrained control allocation problem. The results show good closed loop performance and validate the intelligent optimization approach of constrained control allocation for flight control.

Keywords： tailless configured aerial vehicle     V/STOL     dynamic modeling     flight control    

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Modeling technology digital geologic stratum body in the proportion of pinch in 3D GIS

Dong Zhi

Strategic Study of CAE 2010, Volume 12, Issue 2,   Pages 76-82

Abstract:

Geological prospecting data into three-dimensional system and various three-dimensional modeling methods were used to reason and connect the formation of stratum automatically to generate three-dimensional model of formation. The modeling methods can easily liberate geological workers in the field of water conservancy and hydropower from the heavy geological information access and geological interpretation of the manual labor, thus enhance the speed of three-dimensional stratum modeling and also the quality of construction.

Keywords： three-dimensional digital geologic model     virtual borehole     multi-proportion of pinch     automatical modeling     decomposition of triangular itself    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Crowd modeling based on purposiveness and a destination-driven analysis method

Ning Ding, Weimin Qi, Huihuan Qian,hhqian@cuhk.edu.cn

Journal Article

Research on Social Risk of the Massing Crowd in Public Venues

Li Jianfeng,Liu Mao,Sui Xiaolin

Journal Article

Forget less, count better: a domain-incremental self-distillation learning benchmark for lifelong crowd counting

Jiaqi GAO, Jingqi LI, Hongming SHAN, Yanyun QU, James Z. WANG, Fei-Yue WANG, Junping ZHANG

Journal Article

A novel convolutional neural network method for crowd counting

Jie-hao Huang, Xiao-guang Di, Jun-de Wu, Ai-yue Chen,18s004055@hit.edu.cn,dixiaoguang@hit.edu.cn

Journal Article

Current Status of Blood Lipid Level and Prevention Strategy of Lipid Disorder in Chinese Population

Chen Haozhu,Jin Xuejuan

Journal Article

Development of Simulation Technologies and Researches of Modeling Theory for Power Plant in China

Lü Chongde,Fan Yongsheng,Cai Ruizhong

Journal Article

The Military Large-scale Complex System's Modeling and Simulation Based on Agent

Li Honggang,Lü Hui,Liu Xingtang

Journal Article

Fuzzy Modeling Theory on Production Scheduling： A Survey

Zhang Hong,Li qiqiang,Guo qingqiang,Zhang Peng,Gao Yuan

Journal Article

Study on the Modern Building Models & Optimum Technique——Application of Water Saving System for Well Irrigation Rice in Sanjiang Plain

Fu Qiang

Journal Article

Study on modeling and emulation of VENSIMfor ordering system in steel enterprises

Zou Anquan,Yu Qi,Qin Zhongchi,Yang Fang,Dai Enyong

Journal Article

Upstream Operations in the Oil Industry: Rigorous Modeling of an Electrostatic Coalescer

Francesco Rossi, Simone Colombo, Sauro Pierucci, Eliseo Ranzi, Flavio Manenti

Journal Article

Hybrid Data-Driven and Mechanistic Modeling Approaches for Multiscale Material and Process Design

Teng Zhou, Rafiqul Gani, Kai Sundmacher

Journal Article

Detecting interaction/complexitywithin crowd movements using braid entropy

Murat AKPULAT, Murat EKİNCİ

Journal Article

Study on modeling and simulation analysis for tailless configured V/STOL

Fan Yong,Zhu Jihong,Meng Xianyu,Liu Kai,Yang Xili

Journal Article

Modeling technology digital geologic stratum body in the proportion of pinch in 3D GIS

Dong Zhi

Journal Article