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Beam squint effect on high-throughput millimeter-wave communication with an ultra-massive phased array

Zhiqiang Wang, Jiawei Liu, Jun Wang, Guangrong Yue,wangzq@std.uestc.edu.cn,842927584@qq.com,junwang@uestc.edu.cn,yuegr@uestc.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 4,   Pages 560-570 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000451

Abstract: An can be deployed in high-throughput communication systems to increase the transmission distance. However, when the signal bandwidth is large, the antenna array response changes with the frequency, causing . In this paper, we investigate the effect on a high-throughput mmWave communication system with the single-carrier frequency-domain equalization transmission scheme. Specifically, we first view analog beamforming and the physical channel as a spatial equivalent channel. The characteristics of the spatial equivalent channel are analyzed which behaves like frequency-selective fading. To eliminate the deep fading points in the spatial equivalent channel, an advanced analog beamforming method is proposed based on the (ZC) sequence. Then, the low-complexity linear zero-forcing and minimum mean squared error equalizers are considered at the receiver. Simulation results indicate that the proposed ZC-based analog beamforming method can effectively mitigate the performance loss by the .

Keywords： 超大规模相控阵；毫米波；波束倾斜；Zadoff-Chu；单载波频域均衡    

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Removal of phenol by powdered activated carbon adsorption

Yan MA, Naiyun GAO, Wenhai CHU, Cong LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 158-165 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0479-7

Abstract: In this study, the adsorption performance of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on phenol was investigated in aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effects of various experimental parameters like PAC type, PAC dose, initial solution pH, temperature and pre-oxidation on the adsorption of phenol by PAC and establish the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isothermal models. The results indicated that PAC adsorption is an effective method to remove phenol from water, and the effects of all the five factors on adsorption of phenol were significant. The adsorption rate of phenol by PAC was rapid, and more than 80% phenol could be absorbed by PAC within the initial 10 min. The adsorption process can be well described by pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model with rate constant amounted to 0.0313, 0.0305 and 0.0241 mg·μg ·min with coal, coconut shell and bamboo charcoal. The equilibrium data of phenol absorbed onto PAC were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin adsorption isotherms and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model gave the best correlation with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as the standard Gibbs free energy (? ), enthalpy (? ) and entropy (? ) obtained in this study indicated that the adsorption of phenol by PAC is spontaneous, exothermic and entropy decreasing.

Keywords： phenol     powdered activated carbon     adsorption     kinetics     isotherms    

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Estimation of fatigue damage of airplane landing gear

LIU Ke-ge, YAN Chu-liang, ZHANG Shu-ming

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 424-428 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0051-x

Abstract: Taking the main landing gears of fighter and transport airplanes as examples, the fatigue life was estimated by means of the Miner s rule and from the spectrum of the real measurements. The computed results show that the landing damage to the fighter and transport airplanes is 75% and 60% of the total damage, and the damage caused by the landing stroke is 40% of the landing-gear damage. The fatigue damage properties can provide important information for reliable designing and the structural optimization.
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Application of proteomics in environmental science

Xiaona CHU, Jiangyong HU, Say Leong ONG,

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 393-403 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0145-x

Abstract: Proteomics involves the separation of proteins, identification of the amino acid sequence of the interested or target proteins, study of the function of the proteins, modification, structure and ultimate assignments to functional pathways in the cell. The proteomic investigations have contributed greatly to human diseases studies, new drugs discovery researches, and environmental science in recent years. This article provides a review on the development of the main proteomic technologies, including both the gel based and non-gel based technologies, and their applications in environmental science. Proteomic technologies have been utilized in the environmental stresses studies to analyze the induction or reduction of proteins at expression level and identify the target proteins to investigate their function in response to environmental stresses, such as high or low pH, oxidation stress, and toxic chemicals. Such protein responses are also helpful to understand the mechanisms of some cellular activities and the functions of some proteins.

Keywords： proteomics     environmental stress     two dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis     mass spectrometry    

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Numerical simulation of the characteristics of turbulent Taylor vortex flow

ZHOU Xiantao, PAN Jiazhen, CHEN Liqing, SHI Yan, CHEN Wenmei, CHU Liangyin

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 195-201 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0036-2

Abstract: Turbulent Taylor vortex flow, which is contained between a rotating inner cylinder and a coaxial fixed outer cylinder with fixed ends, is simulated by applying the development in Reynolds stress equations mold (RSM) of the micro-perturbation. This resulted from the truncation error between the numerical solution and exact solution of the Reynolds stress equations. Based on the numerical simulation results of the turbulent Taylor vortex flow, its characteristics such as the fluctuation of the flow field, the precipitous drop of azimuthal velocity, the jet flow of radial velocity, the periodicity of axial velocity, the wave periodicity of pressure distribution, the polarization of shear stress on the walls, and the turbulence intensity in the jet region, are discussed. Comparing the pilot results measured by previous methods, the relative error of the characteristics predicted by simulation is less than 30%.
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Nonlinear cumulative damage model for multiaxial fatigue

SHANG De-guang, SUN Guo-qin, DENG Jing, YAN Chu-liang

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 265-269 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0035-x

Abstract: On the basis of the continuum fatigue damage theory, a nonlinear uniaxial fatigue cumulative damage model is first proposed. In order to describe multiaxial fatigue damage characteristics, a nonlinear multiaxial fatigue cumulative damage model is developed based on the critical plane approach. The proposed model can consider the multiaxial fatigue limit, mean hydrostatic pressure and the unseparated characteristic for the damage variables and loading parameters. The recurrence formula of fatigue damage model was derived under multilevel loading, which is used to predict multiaxial fatigue life. The results showed that the proposed nonlinear multiaxial fatigue cumulative damage model is better than Miner s rule.
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Effect of glow discharge plasma on rhodium-based catalyst for oxygenates synthesis

HUANG Lihong, CHU Wei, XU Junqiang, HONG Jingping, YI Min

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 1,   Pages 16-19 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0004-x

Abstract: Rhodium-based catalysts were prepared by impregnation, treated with glow discharge plasma, characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, H2 temperature-programmed reduction, H2 temperature-programmed desorption and CO temperature-programmed desorption, and investigated for oxygenate synthesis from CO hydrogenation. Based on the characterization results, plasma treatment endowed the samples with smaller particle size, higher dispersion of active components, and an enrichment of active components on the surface as well. As a result, the reducibility and adsorption properties were modified. In catalytic tests, the catalytic activity for CO hydrogenation over the samples treated by plasma was improved remarkably: the conversion of CO and the yield of oxygenates increased at most by a factor of 78.62% and 51.96%, respectively, while the selectivity of ethanol and methanol in the oxygenates was enhanced as well.
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Blind identification of threshold auto-regressive model for machine fault diagnosis

LI Zhinong, HE Yongyong, CHU Fulei, WU Zhaotong

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2007, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 46-49 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0007-9

Abstract: A blind identification method was developed for the threshold auto-regressive (TAR) model. The method had good identification accuracy and rapid convergence, especially for higher order systems. The proposed method was then combined with the hidden Markov model (HMM) to determine the auto-regressive (AR) coefficients for each interval used for feature extraction, with the HMM as a classifier. The fault diagnoses during the speed-up and speed-down processes for rotating machinery have been successfully completed. The result of the experiment shows that the proposed method is practical and effective.

Keywords： speed-up     classifier     practical     extraction     experiment    

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Effects of seed particles Al

Xiao Zhang, Biwu Chu, Junhua Li, Chaozhi Zhang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 4, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0936-4

Abstract: Seed particles Al O , Al (SO ) and H SO were selected to investigate their effects on secondary aerosol (SA) formation in toluene/NO photooxidation under sulfur dioxide (SO ) and ammonia (NH ). Effect of seed particles on SA formation was related to their acid-base properties and the presence of acid or alkaline gases. Under NH -poor condition, SA formation increased with increasing SO concentration due to the acid-catalyzing effect of the oxidation products of SO (i.e. H SO ). The enhancing effect of SO became unobvious under NH -rich condition, because NH would eliminate the acid-catalyzing effect by neutralizing the acid products. Acidic seeds H SO accelerated SA formation under either SO or NH condition. Weak acidic Al (SO ) seeds didn’t affect obviously on SA formation. The inhibiting effect of amphoteric seeds Al O on SA formation was related to the presence of SO / NH due to their acid-base property. Under NH -poor condition, the inhibiting effect of Al O on SA formation decreased with increasing concentration of SO , while under NH -rich condition, the inhibiting effect wasn’t remarkable.

Keywords： Seed particle     Secondary aerosol     Sulfur dioxide     Ammonia     Acid-catalyzing effect    

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A study on the catalytic performance of Pd/γ-Al

Ruizhi CHU, Xianyong WEI, Zhimin ZONG, Wenjia ZHAO

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 452-456 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0522-9

Abstract: A series of Pd/γ-Al O hybrid catalysts were prepared by impregnation and subsequent calcination under microwave irradiation. The catalysts were used for direct synthesis of dimethylether (DME) from syngas. The results show that calcination under microwave irradiation improved both the activity and selectivity of the catalysts for DME synthesis. The optimum power of the microwave was determined to be 420 W. Under such optimum conditions, CO conversion, DME selectivity and time space yield of DME were 60.1%, 67.0%, and 21.5 mmol·mL ·h , respectively. Based on various characterizations such as nitrogen physisorption, X-ray diffraction, CO-temperature-programmed desorption, and Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis, the promotional effect of the microwave irradiation on the catalytic property was mainly attributed to both the higher dispersion of Pd and the significant increase in the adsorption on the CO-bridge of Pd. Microwave irradiation with very high power led to the increase in CO-bridge adsorption and thereby decreased the catalytic activity, whereas the coverage by metallic Pd of the active sites on acidic γ-Al O significantly occurred under microwave irradiation with very low power, resulting in a decrease in the selectivity to DME.

Keywords： Pd/γ-Al2O3     direct synthesis     dimethyl ether     calcination under microwave irradiation    

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Preparation of starch esters with crosslinking structures derived from dianhydride

Huijuan CHU, Hongliang WEI, Jing ZHU, Shouyin HU

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 51-54 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0534-5

Abstract: Starch is a kind of natural polymer used in many industrial fields because of its low cost, availability and biodegradation. Potato starch was modified by esterification with pyromellitic dianhydride, and the products were obtained with crosslinking structures. Orthogonal experiments showed that reactive temperature was the primary influencing factor. The product prepared at 40°C for 3 h with the mass ratio of starch and dianhydride of 16∶1 and pH value of 7.5 exhibited a degree of substitution of 11%. FTIR and UV analysis verified the formation of starch esters.

Keywords： potato starch     pyromellitic dianhydride     esterification     crosslink    

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Special issue: Wind turbine dynamic modeling, condition monitoring and diagnosis

Zheng YOU, Jinji GAO, Fulei CHU, Tielin SHI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 279-280 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0476-4

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Effect of Fe content on FeMn catalysts for light alkenes synthesis

ZHOU Jun, CHU Wei, ZHANG Hui, XU Huiyuan, ZHANG Tao

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 315-318 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0050-z

Abstract: The effect of Fe content on FeMn/MgO catalysts for light alkenes synthesis through CO hydrogenation was investigated. Catalysts were prepared by a conventional co-impregnation method, characterized using BET, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Temperature-programmed reduction (H-TPR) techniques. High activity was obtained over the catalyst with 9 wt-% Fe content, over which CO conversion and the selectivity of C–C reached 91.36% and 58.48%, respectively. With the increase of Fe content, both the conversion and the selectivity were improved within a certain range and then decreased. The results show that the surface area of the catalyst played an important role in the catalytic reaction. With the increase of Fe loading, the interaction action between Fe and Mn was enhanced and FeMn solid solution was formed.

Keywords： conventional co-impregnation     increase     conversion     loading     H-TPR    

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Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies for acute myeloid leukemia

Bin Gu, Jianhong Chu, Depei Wu

Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 6,   Pages 701-710 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0763-z

Abstract: Abstract Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR T) therapies have achieved unprecedented efficacy in B-cell tumors, prompting scientists and doctors to exploit this strategy to treat other tumor types. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a group of heterogeneous myeloid malignancies. Relapse remains the main cause of treatment failure, especially for patients with intermediate or high risk stratification. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation could be an effective therapy because of the graft-versus-leukemia effect, which unfortunately puts the patient at risk of serious complications, such as graft-versus-host disease. Although the identification of an ideal target antigen for AML is challenging, CAR T therapy remains a highly promising strategy for AML patients, particularly for those who are ineligible to receive a transplantation or have positive minimal residual disease. In this review, we focus on the most recent and promising advances in CAR T therapies for AML.

Keywords： acute myeloid leukemia     CAR T     immunotherapy    

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Effective degradation of tetracycline by mesoporous Bi

Xiaolong CHU,Guoqiang SHAN,Chun CHANG,Yu FU,Longfei YUE,Lingyan ZHU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 211-218 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0753-y

Abstract: Bi WO was synthesized with a hydrothermal method at different pHs and used for the degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water. The mesoporous Bi WO prepared at pH 1 (BWO-1) displayed the highest adsorption and degradation capacity to TC due to its large surface area and more efficient capacity to separate photogenerated electrons and holes. 97% of TC at 20 mg·L was removed by BWO-1 at 0.5 g·L after 120 min irradiation under simulated solar light. Only 31% of the total organic carbon (TOC) was removed after 360 min irradiation although the TC removal reached 100%, suggesting that TC was mainly transformed to intermediate products rather than completely mineralized. The intermediates were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-TOF-MS) and possible photodegradation pathways were proposed.

Keywords： Bi2WO6     hydrothermal synthesis     tetracycline (TC)     photocatalysis    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Beam squint effect on high-throughput millimeter-wave communication with an ultra-massive phased array

Zhiqiang Wang, Jiawei Liu, Jun Wang, Guangrong Yue,wangzq@std.uestc.edu.cn,842927584@qq.com,junwang@uestc.edu.cn,yuegr@uestc.edu.cn

Journal Article

Removal of phenol by powdered activated carbon adsorption

Yan MA, Naiyun GAO, Wenhai CHU, Cong LI

Journal Article

Estimation of fatigue damage of airplane landing gear

LIU Ke-ge, YAN Chu-liang, ZHANG Shu-ming

Journal Article

Application of proteomics in environmental science

Xiaona CHU, Jiangyong HU, Say Leong ONG,

Journal Article

Numerical simulation of the characteristics of turbulent Taylor vortex flow

ZHOU Xiantao, PAN Jiazhen, CHEN Liqing, SHI Yan, CHEN Wenmei, CHU Liangyin

Journal Article

Nonlinear cumulative damage model for multiaxial fatigue

SHANG De-guang, SUN Guo-qin, DENG Jing, YAN Chu-liang

Journal Article

Effect of glow discharge plasma on rhodium-based catalyst for oxygenates synthesis

HUANG Lihong, CHU Wei, XU Junqiang, HONG Jingping, YI Min

Journal Article

Blind identification of threshold auto-regressive model for machine fault diagnosis

LI Zhinong, HE Yongyong, CHU Fulei, WU Zhaotong

Journal Article

Effects of seed particles Al

Xiao Zhang, Biwu Chu, Junhua Li, Chaozhi Zhang

Journal Article

A study on the catalytic performance of Pd/γ-Al

Ruizhi CHU, Xianyong WEI, Zhimin ZONG, Wenjia ZHAO

Journal Article

Preparation of starch esters with crosslinking structures derived from dianhydride

Huijuan CHU, Hongliang WEI, Jing ZHU, Shouyin HU

Journal Article

Special issue: Wind turbine dynamic modeling, condition monitoring and diagnosis

Zheng YOU, Jinji GAO, Fulei CHU, Tielin SHI

Journal Article

Effect of Fe content on FeMn catalysts for light alkenes synthesis

ZHOU Jun, CHU Wei, ZHANG Hui, XU Huiyuan, ZHANG Tao

Journal Article

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies for acute myeloid leukemia

Bin Gu, Jianhong Chu, Depei Wu

Journal Article

Effective degradation of tetracycline by mesoporous Bi

Xiaolong CHU,Guoqiang SHAN,Chun CHANG,Yu FU,Longfei YUE,Lingyan ZHU

Journal Article