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Anodization of titanium alloys for orthopedic applications

Merve İzmir, Batur Ercan

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 28-45 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1759-y

Abstract: Among these methods, anodization technique, which allows fine-tuning of oxide film thickness, featureBriefly, anodization is the growth of a controlled oxide film on a metallic component attached to theThis review provides an overview of the anodization technique to grow nanostructured oxide films on titaniumnanofeatured oxide fabrication on titanium alloys and then switch its focus on the latest findings for anodizationof titanium alloys, including the use of fluoride free electrolytes and anodization of 3D titanium foams

Keywords： titanium alloys anodization biocompatibility orthopedics

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Towards Cr(VI)-free anodization of aluminum alloys for aerospace adhesive bonding applications: A review

Shoshan T. Abrahami, John M. M. de Kok, Herman Terryn, Johannes M. C. Mol

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 465-482 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1641-3

Abstract: For more than six decades, chromic acid anodizing (CAA) has been the central process in the surface pre-treatment of aluminum for adhesively bonded aircraft structures. Unfortunately, this electrolyte contains hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), a compound known for its toxicity and carcinogenic properties. To comply with the new strict international regulations, the Cr(VI)-era will soon have to come to an end. Anodizing aluminum in acid electrolytes produces a self-ordered porous oxide layer. Although different acids can be used to create this type of structure, the excellent adhesion and corrosion resistance that is currently achieved by the complete Cr(VI)-based process is not easily matched. This paper provides a critical overview and appraisal of proposed alternatives to CAA, including combinations of multiple anodizing steps, pre- and post anodizing treatments. The work is presented in terms of the modifications to the oxide properties, such as morphological features (e.g., pore size, barrier layer thickness) and surface chemistry, in order to evaluate the link between fundamental principles of adhesion and bond performance.

Keywords： aluminum Cr(VI)-free surface pre-treatments anodizing adhesive bonding