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Study on Situations and Sustainable Development Strategies of China’s Fishery Environment
Zhengguo Cui, Keming Qu, Tang Qisheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 63-68 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.010
A fishery environment is a place on which the survival and reproduction of aquatic lives rely and is the foundation of fishery development. In general, the deterioration of the environmental quality of fishery waters in China has not yet been fundamentally curbed, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate are still the major indicators of pollution in fishery waters. Based on analyses of the status and variation trend of the fishery environment, in this review, we clarify the main factors that affect the sustainable development of China's fishery environment, such as development of construction projects, pollution of external sources, ecological disasters, and pollution accidents; identify major environmental issues in key areas of water; propose the idea of sustainable fishery environment based on green, low-carbon, and environmentally friendly development; establish the overall development goal and the specific development goals of two stages by 2025 and 2030; and put forward suggestions and measures including strictly controlling external pollution and aquaculture self-pollution, delineating the ecological conservation redline, improving the monitoring technology system, strengthening ecological rehabilitation, and implementing innovation projects of the fishery environment in China, hoping to provide references for the protection and management of China's fishery environment.
Review and Development Strategy of Irrigation with Unconventional Water Resources in China
HuYaqi, Wenyong Wu
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 69-76 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.011
With the increasing shortage of water resources, the development and utilization of unconventional water resources have received more and more attention from various countries. Using unconventional water resources to irrigate is one of the important measures to deal with the shortage of water resources. Unconventional water resources mainly include the reclaimed water and brackish water. In China, the agricultural unconventional water resources have relatively high potentials. It has been predicted that the amount of unconventional water available for agriculture will reach 3.438×1010 m3 in 2030 and the irrigation amount of reclaimed water and brackish water will be 1.645×1010 m3 and 2.48×109 m3, respectively. In areas where the fresh water resources are lacking and the unconventional water resources are relatively abundant, especially in the arid area in the north, developing and using unconventional water resources can be regarded as a good solution for the shortage of fresh water. In this paper, based on the situation of China, the irrigation mode of unconventional water resources was summarized. From the aspects of zoning technology, suitable crop classification, pollution identification technology, high-efficient irrigation technique, monitoring and evaluation technology, and integrated application mode, this paper proposes the safe irrigation measures of unconventional water resources in China. Finally, in order to establish a technical system of agricultural unconventional water resources utilization suitable for China, this paper puts forward the development and utilization strategy, which is to further strengthen the technical research and popularization of the agricultural unconventional water resource utilization technology, to improve the recycling standards and regulation system, to bring the unconventional water resources into the planning of water resources development and utilization, and to formulate incentive policies.
The Current State and Development Strategy for China’s Saline-Alkaline Fisheries
Liu Yongxin,Fang Hui,Lai Qifang and Liang Liqun
Strategic Study of CAE 2016, Volume 18, Issue 3, Pages 74-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.03.012
The active development and utilization of saline-alkaline aquatic resources is an important measure that must be effectively expand the aquaculture industry's production capacity. In this paper, the current situation and achievements of the saline-alkaline fisheries in China are presented and the major problems faced by this sector are analyzed. Furthermore, the primary tasks associated with saline-alkaline fishery technological innovation are proposed, including resource evaluation and utilization, ecological system construction, saline-resistant breeding and cultivation, efficient and healthy aquaculture, ecological benefits evaluation and information sharing platform-building. Furthermore, a host of implementation measures and policy recommendations are put forward to promote the sustainable development of saline-alkaline fisheries based on the different roles played by the government and business sector in this project.
Keywords： saline-alkaline fishery development countermeasure
Rui Li, Beidou Xi, Yu Jiang, Zheng Xu, Mingxiao Li, Yan Hao, Fanhua Meng, Shaobo Gao, Lei Chen, Lixu Zhu
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 45-51 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.007
As the two largest “granaries” in China, the Northeast and Huang-Huai-Hai Plains are the main agricultural producing areas in North China, and the soil environmental risk management and control of these areas are vital to the national food security supply lifeline. This study analyzed the soil heavy metal pollution risks of main agricultural producing areas in North China by the potential ecological risk index method. The high-risk areas of Cd pollution are mainly distributed in Shenyang City in the east of Liaohe Plain, Jinzhou City and Huludao City in the south of Liaohe Plain, Shuangyashan in the Sanjiang Plain, Tianjin City in the Haihe Plain, and Xinxiang City in the southwest of the yellow river flood plain; Hg pollution high-risk areas are mainly distributed in Beijing and Tianjin of the Haihe Plain, and around the Shenyang City of the Liaohe Plain. The chemical industry, followed by the livestock and poultry industry, as well as the metal smelting and processing industry, is the major potential source of heavy metal pollution of soil in the Northeast and Huang-Huai-Hai Plains. This study proposed the “one area, one policy” pollution prevention strategy and key environmental protection projects from the aspects of environment monitoring and warning of agricultural products producing areas, clean production of industrial and mining enterprises, and comprehensive treatment of livestock and poultry pollution, which is based on local conditions and classification guidance. This study can provide important references for the strategic planning of sustainable development of the ecological environment of major agricultural producing areas in North China.
Keywords： 的污染防治战略及重点环保工程。本研究对我国北方主要农产品产地生态环境可持续发展战略规划具有重要参考意义。 污染高风险区域主要集中分布于辽河平原东部的沈阳市、南部的锦州市与葫芦岛市，三江平原双鸭山市，海河平原天津市，以及黄泛平原西南部的新乡市；Hg 污染高风险区域主要分布于海河平原北京市、天津市，辽河平原沈阳市周边化工行业是导致东北及黄淮海平原农产品产地土壤重金属污染的最主要潜在污染源，其次为畜禽养殖业、金属冶炼加工业。本研究从农产品产地环境监测预警、工矿企业清洁生产、畜禽养殖污染综合治理等方面，以因地制宜、分类指导为原则，提出了 ，是北方主要农产品产地，其土壤环境风险管控关系着全国粮食安全供给命脉。本研究通过潜在生态指数法分析了北方主要农产品产地土壤重金属污染风险，研究结果表明，Cd 污染高风险区域主要集中分布于辽河平原东部的沈阳市、南部的锦州市与葫芦岛市，三江平原双鸭山市，海河平原天津市，以及黄泛平原西南部的新乡市
Zoning of Agricultural Resource and Environment in China
Erqi Xu
Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5, Pages 57-62 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.009
Problems in China’s agricultural resources and environment have become increasingly prominent, with distinct resource and environment constraints for regional agricultures. Based on regional differentiation in agricultural resource and environment characteristics, this paper divided the country into 10 first-level zones and 57 second-level zones at the county scale. The first-level zones were divided according to regional differentiation in climate and geotectonic. And the second-level zones differentiate in water resources, land resources, and environmental conditions. It analyzed the agricultural production conditions, types of resources and their different combinations, environmental production conditions, and existing problems in these zones. This study proposed the strategies of “optimizing the spatial layout of eastern, central, and western regions” and “improving Northeast China, regulating North China, and recovering South China”. Twenty-seven second-level zones, undertaking the supply of major agricultural products in China, were identified and labeled as “major agricultural developing regions in China”. The development direction and construction measures of the major agricultural developing regions in China were suggested to maintain and improve the health and sustainability of China’s agricultural production system.
Keywords： 一级区依据气候条件和大地构造的地域分异，二级区根据水资源、土地资源和环境条件问题差异。分析了全国各分区农业生产条件、资源类型及其组合的特点、环境生产条件和存在问题，提出 中国农业资源环境问题日益突出，区域农业资源限制因素和环境制约问题各不相同。依据农业资源环境地域分异，以县域为制图单元，本文将全国划分为10 提高东北，整治华北，恢复南方 战略，并划分了27 个承担主要农产品供给保障功能的 ，指明其建设方向措施，以维护和改善我国农业生产系统的健康和可持续性
Strategy for Carbon Sink and Its Amplification in Marine Fisheries
Tang Qisheng and Liu Hui
Strategic Study of CAE 2016, Volume 18, Issue 3, Pages 68-73 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.03.011
The concepts of the marine fisheries carbon sink and carbon sink fisheries current state of research, main problems, technological needs are introduced in this paper. Compared to forestry carbon sequestration, marine fisheries carbon sink is characterized by both high efficiency and scale-up potential. Therefore, the strategy and measures for scaling up marine fisheries carbon sink are proposed, including: investigating the potential and mechanisms for marine fisheries carbon sink; vigorously developing carbon sink fisheries of which the principal part is aquaculture; strengthening the conservation and management of natural carbon sink and environment of China's seas; implementing fisheries carbon sink amplification project construction, and promoting the development of environmentally friendly aquaculture industry.
Keywords： marine fisheries carbon sink carbon sink fisheries carbon sink amplification conservation and management bivalve and seaweed aquaculture
Main Index of Manufacturing Power
The Research Group of Research on Manufacturing Power Evaluation System
Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 7, Pages 7-19
“The main index of manufacturing power” is one task in a major consulting project called “manufacturing power strategy” in the Chinese Academy of Engineering , started in January 2013. The research group has held several seminars on the index system construction, the manufacturing power index evaluation, strategic paths. Based on the comprehensive study on the abroad index system and on the paths of the industrialized countries from weak to powerful, the research has analyzed the present situation of China Manufacturing in details, has proposed contents and features of manufacturing power, has constructed manufacturing power evaluation system, and has predicted the progress of manufacturing power in China. Combined with the results of the index system construction and evaluation, the research has also proposed strategic path to promote manufacturing power.
Keywords： manufacturing power strategic roadmap evaluation system
Strategic Study of CAE 2013, Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 4-10
The "Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment" is one of 16 major projects of the national medium and longterm science and technology development plan. The Liaohe River basin is one of key basins for state water pollution control. Based on the summary and analysis of water environmental problems, this paper introduces two technology systems including thought, target, framework, and content forwatershed water pollution control and treatment and management in Liaohe River basin. During the "11th Five-year" plan, some research and demonstration projects have been carried out successfully covering aquatic ecological function zoning, water quality benchmarking technology, aquatic ecological carrying capacity, water quality management in the control unit, water pollution control in key industries, and early warning and risk management of water environment. The two technology systems have played a positive significant role in the water quality improvement and ecological restoration of Liaohe River basin. A new water environmental management mode—"zoning, classification, grading, staging" mode— has been established in the whole basin, which will promote the spread of the watershed water quality target management.
Keywords： water pollution control and treatment water environmental management technical system major science and technology program Liaohe River basin
Research Progress in the Application of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Aquaculture: A Review
Hongyu Pu, Xiaoyu Lia, Qingbo Du, Hao Cui, Yongping Xua
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 5, Pages 731-737 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.017
Due to increasing safety concerns regarding human consumption of fish products, an increasing number of medicinal chemicals are prohibited from use in aquaculture. As a result, Chinese herbal medicines are being increasingly used, coining the use of the term “green medicine.” Research shows that Chinese herbal medicines have many beneficial effects on fish, including growth promotion, enhancement of disease resistance, and improvement in meat quality. Many effective ingredients have been discovered in Chinese herbal medicines, which function to promote feed intake, improve meat flavor, and increase digestive enzyme activity. They also regulate and participate in processes that improve the specific and non-specific immunity of fish; however, the composition of Chinese herbal medicines is very complex and it is often difficult to identify the effective ingredients. This article reviews the latest research and application progress in Chinese herbal medicines regarding growth and feed utilization, immunity and disease resistance, and the meat quality of cultured fish. It also discusses research on the chemical constituents of classical Chinese medicinal herbs and problems with the application of Chinese herbal medicines in fish culture. This article concludes by proposing that future studies on Chinese herbal medicines should focus on how to cheaply refine and extract the effective ingredients in classical Chinese medicinal herbs, as well as how to use them efficiently in aquaculture.
Keywords： Aquaculture Chinese herbal medicines Fish farming Research progress
Application of Hydrogen Peroxide as an Environmental Stress Indicator for Vegetation Management Article
Takashi Asaeda,Senavirathna Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka,Li-Ping Xia,Abner Barnuevo
Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 5, Pages 610-616 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.09.001
Adaptive vegetation management is time-consuming and requires long-term colony monitoring to obtain reliable results. Although vegetation management has been widely adopted, the only method existing at present for evaluating the habitat conditions under management involves observations over a long period of time. The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has long been used as an indicator of environmental stress in plants, and has recently been intensely studied. Among such ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is relatively stable, and can be conveniently and accurately quantified. Thus, the quantification of plant H2O2 could be applied as a stress indicator for riparian and aquatic vegetation management approaches while evaluating the conditions of a plant species within a habitat. This study presents an approach for elucidating the applicability of H2O2 as a quantitative indicator of environmental stresses on plants, particularly for vegetation management. Submerged macrophytes and riparian species were studied under laboratory and field conditions (Lake Shinji, Saba River, Eno River, and Hii River in Japan) for H2O2 formation under various stress conditions. The results suggest that H2O2 can be conveniently applied as a stress indicator in environmental management.
Keywords： Macrophytes Riparian zone Environmental gradient Stress indicator Reactive oxygen species Hydrogen peroxide
Yuchuan Fan, Jie Zhuang, Michael Essington, Sindhu Jagadamma, John Schwartz, Jaehoon Lee
Engineering 2023, Volume 21, Issue 2, Pages 214-226 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.08.017
Denitrifying bioreactors (DNBRs) are widely used to reduce excess nitrate from agricultural drainage. Their performance depends on the physical and chemical properties of the substrate. Common substrate types have been partly reviewed in previous studies. However, few studies have attempted to determine a generalized pattern for the role of substrate type in nitrate removal. This study summarizes 41 types of
substrates using a dataset collected from 63 peer-reviewed articles, which include 219 independent DNBR units. The substrates are classified into four groups: ① natural carbon (NC), such as woodchips; ② non-natural carbon (NNC), such as biodegradable polymers (e.g., polycaprolactone (PCL) and waste products (e.g., cardboard); ③ inorganic materials (IMs), such as non-carbon materials (e.g., iron oxide); and④multiple materials (MMs), such as a mixture of the above materials. These materials are compared and evaluated through a meta-analysis of nitrate removal rate (NRR; N removal (g∙m–3∙d–1)) and nitrate removal efficiency (NRE). This study reviews substrate performance (NRR and NRE), potential mechanisms, pollution swapping, and cost analysis. Our analysis indicates that woodchips and corncobs are the most cost-effective substrates among NCs. In a comparison of all the studied substrates, MM substrates are recommended as the optimal substrates, especially woodchip-based and corncob-based substrates, which have great potential for improvement. This analysis can assist in optimizing the design of DNBRs to meet the environmental, economic, and practical requirements of users.
Keywords： Denitrifying bioreactor Substrate Nitrate removal Meta-analysis Environmental impact Cost analysis
Engineering Science and Technology Challenges in the Antarctic Krill Fishery
Zhao Xianyong,Zuo Tao,Leng Kailiang and Tang Qisheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2016, Volume 18, Issue 2, Pages 85-90 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2016.02.010
Participating actively in the exploitation of Antarctic marine living resources is a new demand for the sustainable and healthy development of marine fishery. In this paper, the history and trend of international Antarctic krill fishery is presented, the major problems faced by Chinese Antarctic krill fishery analyzed, and relevant engineering and Sci-Tech suggestions proposed. The international Antarctic krill fishery has developed into a new industry supported by innovative fishing technologies and markets with high-value-added products, with both fishing and processing capacities. Developing Antarctic krill fishery can enhance China’s distant-water fisheries and contribute to the emerging industries concerning marine living resources. To achieve this goal, researches and innovation in fishing and processing equipment and technology should to be encouraged to improve the core competitiveness of fishing industry, whilst basic ecological researches on fishery resources are also needed to promote thesustainable development of Antarctic and polar fishery.
Keywords： Antarctic krill engineering science and technology Antarctic and polar fishery emerging industries
The application of green surfactants in pesticide formulation
Gao Nan,Zhang Chunhua,Zhang Zongjian
Strategic Study of CAE 2009, Volume 11, Issue 4, Pages 36-38
The application of green surfactants in pesticide processing was discussed. Formulations, which utilize green surfactants such as AEO, AES, AOS and APG rather than traditional surfactants, were developed in this work. Comparing with traditional surfactants, the application of green surfactants in pesticide processing is of great interest in environmental protection.
Keywords： green surfactant pesticide processing environment protection
Microbial Medicine Industry: Current Status and Future Trends
Yu Qing, Huang Tingting, Deng Zixin
Strategic Study of CAE 2021, Volume 23, Issue 5, Pages 69-78 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.05.009
The microbial sourced natural products possess diverse structures and excellent activities, implying great potentials for clinical application. This study systematically analyzes the current status of the microbial medicine industry in China and summarizes the development trends of the industry from the aspects of microbial strain resource utilization, excellent strain screening, fermentation process optimization, strain engineering, and new microbial medicine development. This aims to facilitate major breakthroughs and industrial upgrades for China’s microbial medicine industry. Although China’s microbial medicine industry has solid resource and technical foundations, it still lags behind the international advanced level. Considering the opportunities and challenges, we propose several suggestions for promoting China’s microbial medicine industry: constructing large-scale scientific facilities for microbial medicine, strengthening basic research and independent technology development, establishing a talent cultivation system, and formulating systematic industrial incentives.
Keywords： microbial medicine development trend biological activity microbial metabolism synthetic biology
Fitting on the Earth: Challenges of Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle to Preserve the Habitability of the Planet Views & Comments
Robert Socolow
Engineering 2016, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 21-22 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.01.012
Title Author Date Type Operation
Study on Situations and Sustainable Development Strategies of China’s Fishery Environment
Zhengguo Cui, Keming Qu, Tang Qisheng
Journal Article
Review and Development Strategy of Irrigation with Unconventional Water Resources in China
HuYaqi, Wenyong Wu
Journal Article
The Current State and Development Strategy for China’s Saline-Alkaline Fisheries
Liu Yongxin,Fang Hui,Lai Qifang and Liang Liqun
Journal Article
Soil Pollution Risk Assessment and Comprehensive Prevention Strategy for Major Agricultural Producing Areas in North China
Rui Li, Beidou Xi, Yu Jiang, Zheng Xu, Mingxiao Li, Yan Hao, Fanhua Meng, Shaobo Gao, Lei Chen, Lixu Zhu
Journal Article
Strategy for Carbon Sink and Its Amplification in Marine Fisheries
Tang Qisheng and Liu Hui
Journal Article
Main Index of Manufacturing Power
The Research Group of Research on Manufacturing Power Evaluation System
Journal Article
Construction of technology system for watershed water pollution treatment and management——exploration and practice of the major water program in Liaohe River basin
Journal Article
Research Progress in the Application of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Aquaculture: A Review
Hongyu Pu, Xiaoyu Lia, Qingbo Du, Hao Cui, Yongping Xua
Journal Article
Application of Hydrogen Peroxide as an Environmental Stress Indicator for Vegetation Management
Takashi Asaeda,Senavirathna Mudalige Don Hiranya Jayasanka,Li-Ping Xia,Abner Barnuevo
Journal Article
Global Significance of Substrates for Nitrate Removal in Denitrifying Bioreactors Revealed by Meta-Analysis
Yuchuan Fan, Jie Zhuang, Michael Essington, Sindhu Jagadamma, John Schwartz, Jaehoon Lee
Journal Article
Engineering Science and Technology Challenges in the Antarctic Krill Fishery
Zhao Xianyong,Zuo Tao,Leng Kailiang and Tang Qisheng
Journal Article
The application of green surfactants in pesticide formulation
Gao Nan,Zhang Chunhua,Zhang Zongjian
Journal Article
Microbial Medicine Industry: Current Status and Future Trends
Yu Qing, Huang Tingting, Deng Zixin
Journal Article
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