2026-10-15 , Volume 65 Issue 10

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    Editorial
  • editorial
    Editorial for the Energy Transition’s Technical Pathways, Risks, and Equity
    [Author(id=1324770733193175259, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420097190953288, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733272867039, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420097190953288, authorId=1324770733193175259, language=EN, stringName=Laibin Zhang, firstName=Laibin, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a College of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    b Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Safety and Emergency Technology, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733327392994, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420097190953288, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733407084774, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420097190953288, authorId=1324770733327392994, language=EN, stringName=Y. Frank Cheng, firstName=Y., middleName=null, lastName=Frank Cheng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, d, address=c Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China
    d Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733457416425, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420097190953288, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733524525293, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420097190953288, authorId=1324770733457416425, language=EN, stringName=Xu Tang, firstName=Xu, middleName=null, lastName=Tang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Laibin Zhang, Y. Frank Cheng, Xu Tang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Views & Comments
  • research-article
    Global Energy Transition Through the Lens of Metacoupling
    [Author(id=1324770730378936555, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628523117064861, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730437656817, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628523117064861, authorId=1324770730378936555, language=EN, stringName=Canbing Li, firstName=Canbing, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730483794165, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628523117064861, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730538320120, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628523117064861, authorId=1324770730483794165, language=EN, stringName=Kang Xiong, firstName=Kang, middleName=null, lastName=Xiong, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310002, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730584457467, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628523117064861, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=liuji@msu.edu, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730638983423, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628523117064861, authorId=1324770730584457467, language=EN, stringName=Jianguo Liu, firstName=Jianguo, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, *, address=c Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Canbing Li, Kang Xiong, Jianguo Liu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    A Policy-Driven Design of Energy-Autonomous Intelligent Observatories for Marine Biodiversity Monitoring
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    Jacopo Aguzzi, Elias Chatzidouros, Giuseppa Buscaino, Damianos Chatzievangelou, Christine Seonock Woo, Fausto P. García Márquez, Paula Espina, Marco Francescangeli, Michele Ferrari, Daniele D’Agostino, Simone Marini, Nixon Bahamon, Daniel Mihai Toma, Matias Carandell, Frederik Veger, Joaquin del Rio, Joan B. Company, Enoc Martinez, Marzia Cianflone, Luca Cicala, Simonetta Fraschetti, Silvia Gallegati, Fabiola M. Cecchini, Roberto Danovaro, Sanaz Roshanmanesh, Vincenzo Brachetta, Matthew Gee, Farzad Hayati, Dimitris Liarokapis, Georgios Katsaounis, Gregory Grigoropoulos, Mayorkinos Papaelias

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    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    The Rice RBRL Protein: The Hub of a Triple Antivirus Network
    [Author(id=1324770738045825216, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738112934081, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, authorId=1324770738045825216, language=EN, stringName=Jing Liu, firstName=Jing, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, #, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738163265731, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738230374599, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, authorId=1324770738163265731, language=EN, stringName=Sheng Wang, firstName=Sheng, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, #, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738276511947, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738335232207, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, authorId=1324770738276511947, language=EN, stringName=Wishwajith Kandegama, firstName=Wishwajith, middleName=null, lastName=Kandegama, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Kurunegala 60170, Sri Lanka, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738385563858, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ippxiexin@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738448478423, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, authorId=1324770738385563858, language=EN, stringName=Xin Xie, firstName=Xin, middleName=null, lastName=Xie, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, *, address=c College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738498810077, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xyli1@gzu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738574307560, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525532311649, authorId=1324770738498810077, language=EN, stringName=Xiangyang Li, firstName=Xiangyang, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Jing Liu, Sheng Wang, Wishwajith Kandegama, Xin Xie, Xiangyang Li

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Challenges and Opportunities of Smart Aircraft Stealth Skin: Perspectives from Self-Sensing and Electromagnetic Absorption Compatibility
    [Author(id=1324770738792411387, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738859520258, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, authorId=1324770738792411387, language=EN, stringName=Kun Wei, firstName=Kun, middleName=null, lastName=Wei, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
    b State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738905657605, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738976960782, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, authorId=1324770738905657605, language=EN, stringName=Wanheng Zhou, firstName=Wanheng, middleName=null, lastName=Zhou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
    b State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770739023098128, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770739086012692, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, authorId=1324770739023098128, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoke Lu, firstName=Xiaoke, middleName=null, lastName=Lu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710072, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770739132150040, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=seanwei@xjtu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770739211841822, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244133899985800, authorId=1324770739132150040, language=EN, stringName=Xueyong Wei, firstName=Xueyong, middleName=null, lastName=Wei, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=a School of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
    b State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Kun Wei, Wanheng Zhou, Xiaoke Lu, Xueyong Wei

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Urban Air Mobility: Confronting the Fundamental Constraints of Urban Space
    [Author(id=1324770737026278084, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737089192650, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, authorId=1324770737026278084, language=EN, stringName=Yiping Yan, firstName=Yiping, middleName=null, lastName=Yan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737135329997, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bangyangwei@tsinghua.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737194050256, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, authorId=1324770737135329997, language=EN, stringName=Bangyang Wei, firstName=Bangyang, middleName=null, lastName=Wei, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737240187604, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737298907864, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, authorId=1324770737240187604, language=EN, stringName=Yang Liu, firstName=Yang, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737345045212, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737407959774, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930163251843644, authorId=1324770737345045212, language=EN, stringName=Jonas Eliasson, firstName=Jonas, middleName=null, lastName=Eliasson, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, Norrköping SE-601 74, Sweden, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Yiping Yan, Bangyang Wei, Yang Liu, Jonas Eliasson

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Fluid MIMO: A Timely MIMO Upgrade
    [Author(id=1324770732140155726, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732194681682, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, authorId=1324770732140155726, language=EN, stringName=Chenguang Rao, firstName=Chenguang, middleName=null, lastName=Rao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732240819029, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732307927899, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, authorId=1324770732240819029, language=EN, stringName=Kai-Kit Wong, firstName=Kai-Kit, middleName=null, lastName=Wong, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=a Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
    b Department of Electronic Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732349870942, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732408591201, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, authorId=1324770732349870942, language=EN, stringName=Hyundong Shin, firstName=Hyundong, middleName=null, lastName=Shin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Department of Electronics and Information Convergence Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732450534245, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732509254505, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1312079087183401077, authorId=1324770732450534245, language=EN, stringName=Ross Murch, firstName=Ross, middleName=null, lastName=Murch, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Chenguang Rao, Kai-Kit Wong, Hyundong Shin, Ross Murch

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Research
  • research-article
    The Urgency to Regulate Informal EV Battery Recycling in China
    [Author(id=1324770737307787629, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737370702192, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, authorId=1324770737307787629, language=EN, stringName=Hetong Wang, firstName=Hetong, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Institute of Climate Change and Energy Sustainable Development, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737412645234, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737492337014, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, authorId=1324770737412645234, language=EN, stringName=Peng Wang, firstName=Peng, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737538474361, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737593000316, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, authorId=1324770737538474361, language=EN, stringName=Jiashuo Li, firstName=Jiashuo, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737639137662, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737706246529, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, authorId=1324770737639137662, language=EN, stringName=Laixiang Sun, firstName=Laixiang, middleName=null, lastName=Sun, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737756578179, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=kfeng@hku.hk, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737865630087, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135480566660, authorId=1324770737756578179, language=EN, stringName=Kuishuang Feng, firstName=Kuishuang, middleName=null, lastName=Feng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, f, *, address=e Department of Geography, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
    f Institute for Climate and Carbon Neutrality, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Hetong Wang, Peng Wang, Jiashuo Li, Laixiang Sun, Kuishuang Feng

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    The Role of Deep Geothermal Resources in China’s Energy Transition
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    b State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730181804245, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xiezx@cup.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730240524506, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, authorId=1324770730181804245, language=EN, stringName=Zixiao Xie, firstName=Zixiao, middleName=null, lastName=Xie, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a State Key Laboratory of Deep Geothermal Resources, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730286661857, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=huangzw@cup.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730341187814, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, authorId=1324770730286661857, language=EN, stringName=Zhongwei Huang, firstName=Zhongwei, middleName=null, lastName=Huang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a State Key Laboratory of Deep Geothermal Resources, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730387325165, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730441851122, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, authorId=1324770730387325165, language=EN, stringName=Xianzhi Song, firstName=Xianzhi, middleName=null, lastName=Song, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730483794166, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730542514424, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628529945391133, authorId=1324770730483794166, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoguang Wu, firstName=Xiaoguang, middleName=null, lastName=Wu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Deep Geothermal Resources, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Gensheng Li, Zixiao Xie, Zhongwei Huang, Xianzhi Song, Xiaoguang Wu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Critical Review of Climate and Resource Costs and Benefits of Machinery and Equipment
    [Author(id=1324770733906542699, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287876677906727, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=edgar.hertwich@ntnu.no, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733982040177, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287876677906727, authorId=1324770733906542699, language=EN, stringName=Edgar G. Hertwich, firstName=Edgar, middleName=null, lastName=G. Hertwich, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=a Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway
    b International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg 2361, Austria, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770734028177524, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287876677906727, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770734091092088, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287876677906727, authorId=1324770734028177524, language=EN, stringName=Yiwen Liu, firstName=Yiwen, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770734137229435, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287876677906727, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770734195949693, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287876677906727, authorId=1324770734137229435, language=EN, stringName=Meng Jiang, firstName=Meng, middleName=null, lastName=Jiang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7491, Norway, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Edgar G. Hertwich, Yiwen Liu, Meng Jiang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Energy Transition Risk Assessment: Concepts, Indicators, and Methodological Issues
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    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Artificial Intelligence in Energy Pipelines: Opportunities and Risks
    [Author(id=1324770736032227976, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762851436466888, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736090948237, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762851436466888, authorId=1324770736032227976, language=EN, stringName=Hongfang Lu, firstName=Hongfang, middleName=null, lastName=Lu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736179028626, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762851436466888, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=FrankCheng@nimte.ac.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736237748886, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762851436466888, authorId=1324770736179028626, language=EN, stringName=Y. Frank Cheng, firstName=Y., middleName=null, lastName=Frank Cheng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=State Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Hongfang Lu, Y. Frank Cheng

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Assessing Oil Security and System Resilience Under China’s Low-Carbon Energy Transition
    [Author(id=1324778128933430108, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244134465545076, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=tangxu@cup.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324778129025704800, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244134465545076, authorId=1324778128933430108, language=EN, stringName=Xu Tang, firstName=Xu, middleName=null, lastName=Tang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, c, d, #, *, address=a School of Economics and Management, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
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    Xu Tang, Kaipeng Ren, Jianliang Wang, Laibin Zhang, Yu Ding, Yuqing Jiang, Zhida Ma, Haichen Ji, Cuiyang Feng, Mikael Höök

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Algorithm for Transportation Pathways and Patterns Through Pipeline Network: A Case Study in California for the Power Generation Sector
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middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740038279694, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770739975365129, language=EN, stringName=Zhenlin Chen, firstName=Zhenlin, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Energy Science Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740088611346, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, 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ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740260577823, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770740197663258, language=EN, stringName=Liang Jing, firstName=Liang, middleName=null, lastName=Jing, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Energy Sustainability Analysis Team, Technology Strategy & Planning Department, Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740310909474, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740373824038, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770740310909474, language=EN, stringName=Bo Ren, firstName=Bo, middleName=null, lastName=Ren, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d Global Technology Analysis Team, Aramco Research Center-Houston, Aramco Americas, Houston, TX 77084, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740419961385, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740474487341, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770740419961385, language=EN, stringName=Haoyu Tang, firstName=Haoyu, middleName=null, lastName=Tang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740512236080, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740566762036, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770740512236080, language=EN, stringName=Muhammad Y. Jabbar, firstName=Muhammad, middleName=null, lastName=Y. Jabbar, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Energy Sustainability Analysis Team, Technology Strategy & Planning Department, Dhahran 34465, Saudi Arabia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740608705080, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740663231035, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770740608705080, language=EN, stringName=Farah Ramadan, firstName=Farah, middleName=null, lastName=Ramadan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e Global Technology Analysis Team, Aramco Research Center-Novi, Aramco Americas, Novi, MI 48377, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740705174079, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740759700033, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770740705174079, language=EN, stringName=James Littlefield, firstName=James, middleName=null, lastName=Littlefield, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e Global Technology Analysis Team, Aramco Research Center-Novi, Aramco Americas, Novi, MI 48377, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740801643076, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=m.masnadi@pitt.edu, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770740856169033, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248287872114508698, authorId=1324770740801643076, language=EN, stringName=Mohammad S. Masnadi, firstName=Mohammad, middleName=null, lastName=S. Masnadi, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Zemin Eitan Liu, Diego Moya, Zhenlin Chen, Wennan Long, Liang Jing, Bo Ren, Haoyu Tang, Muhammad Y. Jabbar, Farah Ramadan, James Littlefield, Mohammad S. Masnadi

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
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    [Author(id=1324770731729502555, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762814237184665, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770731788222818, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762814237184665, authorId=1324770731729502555, language=EN, stringName=Hongyi Xie, firstName=Hongyi, middleName=null, lastName=Xie, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770731834360168, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762814237184665, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=chen_bin@fudan.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770731918246258, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762814237184665, authorId=1324770731834360168, language=EN, stringName=Bin Chen, firstName=Bin, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=a Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP
    3 ), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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firstName=Jiashuo, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=c MOE Laboratory for National Development and Intelligent Governance, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732782272972, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762814237184665, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yutaowang@fudan.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732874547671, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762814237184665, authorId=1324770732782272972, language=EN, stringName=Yutao Wang, firstName=Yutao, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, e, f, g, *, address=a Fudan Tyndall Center and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP
    d Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
    e IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
    f Shanghai Institute for Energy and Carbon Neutrality Strategy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Hongyi Xie, Bin Chen, Chen Wang, Wei Xie, Xinyi Long, Dingfan Zhang, Min Dai, Zhixiu Han, Yiru Song, Jiashuo Li, Yutao Wang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Geological Sequestration in Tight Reservoirs with Different Fracturing Schemes: Weiyuan Gas Field, Sichuan Basin, China
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    b Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Safety and Emergency Technology, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 100054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738113429895, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738193121677, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, authorId=1324770738113429895, language=EN, stringName=Laibin Zhang, firstName=Laibin, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a College of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
    b Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Safety and Emergency Technology, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 100054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738247647634, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738310562200, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, authorId=1324770738247647634, language=EN, stringName=Xurong Zhao, firstName=Xurong, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Oil & Gas Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738360893853, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738444779940, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, authorId=1324770738360893853, language=EN, stringName=Xin Gao, firstName=Xin, middleName=null, lastName=Gao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a College of Safety and Ocean Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
    b Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Safety and Emergency Technology, Ministry of Emergency Management, Beijing 100054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770738499305896, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770738566414765, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762850094289503, authorId=1324770738499305896, language=EN, stringName=Kamy Sephernoori, firstName=Kamy, middleName=null, lastName=Sephernoori, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, address=d Department of Petroleum & Geosystems Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Zhiming Chen, Laibin Zhang, Xurong Zhao, Xin Gao, Kamy Sephernoori

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Multidimensional Evaluation of Solar Energy on Urban Buildings for Driving the Energy Transition: Insight from Hong Kong, China
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middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741392880085, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741464183259, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, authorId=1324770741392880085, language=EN, stringName=Jingpeng Fu, firstName=Jingpeng, middleName=null, lastName=Fu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741518709215, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741623566821, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, authorId=1324770741518709215, language=EN, stringName=Yihuan Wang, firstName=Yihuan, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, f, g, address=e School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
    f Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Gas Safety and High-Efficiency Utilization, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
    g State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741673898473, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, orderNo=11, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741728424428, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, authorId=1324770741673898473, language=EN, stringName=Jianjun Qin, firstName=Jianjun, middleName=null, lastName=Qin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=g, address=g State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741770367472, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, orderNo=12, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=guojin.qin@swpu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741850059253, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, authorId=1324770741770367472, language=EN, stringName=Guojin Qin, firstName=Guojin, middleName=null, lastName=Qin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, f, g, *, address=e School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
    f Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Gas Safety and High-Efficiency Utilization, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
    g State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, School of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741892002298, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, orderNo=13, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yanzengfeng@xauat.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741963305471, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, authorId=1324770741892002298, language=EN, stringName=Zengfeng Yan, firstName=Zengfeng, middleName=null, lastName=Yan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Building, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
    b School of Architecture, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770742005248516, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, orderNo=14, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=baojie.he@cqu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770742059774473, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, authorId=1324770742005248516, language=EN, stringName=Bao-Jie He, firstName=Bao-Jie, middleName=null, lastName=He, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=h, *, address=h School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770742101717516, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, orderNo=15, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=linbr@tsinghua.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770742152049168, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762845199368547, authorId=1324770742101717516, language=EN, stringName=Borong Lin, firstName=Borong, middleName=null, lastName=Lin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=i, *, address=i School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Pingan Ni, Jiaqing Yan, Hongli Sun, Hanjie Zheng, Junkang Song, Fuming Lei, Yingjun Yue, Duo Zhang, Xue Zhang, Jingpeng Fu, Yihuan Wang, Jianjun Qin, Guojin Qin, Zengfeng Yan, Bao-Jie He, Borong Lin

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    Heterogeneous Household Responses and Indoor Temperature Inequality in the Clean Heating Transition
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    Xinzhu Zheng, Ling Zhang, Yuxin Bai, Jianhui Cong, Tianyi Zhang, Yue Ren, Jie Li, Yang Su, Junyuan Xu, Can Wang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Mitigating Carbon Leakage in China’s Carbon Neutrality Through Coordinated Greenhouse Gas Reductions and Increased Natural Carbon Uptake
    [Author(id=1324773911573582331, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762858088632483, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324773911644885501, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762858088632483, authorId=1324773911573582331, language=EN, stringName=Rui Su, firstName=Rui, middleName=null, lastName=Su, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324773911695217151, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762858088632483, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324773911758131713, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762858088632483, authorId=1324773911695217151, language=EN, stringName=Cuncun Duan, firstName=Cuncun, middleName=null, lastName=Duan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324773911804269059, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762858088632483, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=chenb@bnu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324773911871377925, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762858088632483, authorId=1324773911804269059, language=EN, stringName=Bin Chen, firstName=Bin, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Rui Su, Cuncun Duan, Bin Chen

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Properly Positioning Coal Power in Decarbonizing the Global Power Systems
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    b National Key Laboratory of New Energy Power Systems, Beijing 102206, China
    c Beijing Huairou Laboratory, Beijing 101499, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736825442636, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736879968590, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, authorId=1324770736825442636, language=EN, stringName=Yanjun Du, firstName=Yanjun, middleName=null, lastName=Du, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736926105937, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736993214806, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, authorId=1324770736926105937, language=EN, stringName=Ming Du, firstName=Ming, middleName=null, lastName=Du, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, c, address=a School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
    c Beijing Huairou Laboratory, Beijing 101499, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737039352153, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737102266717, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, authorId=1324770737039352153, language=EN, stringName=Yi Zhang, firstName=Yi, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737152598369, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737215512933, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, authorId=1324770737152598369, language=EN, stringName=Qinghua Wang, firstName=Qinghua, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b National Key Laboratory of New Energy Power Systems, Beijing 102206, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737261650281, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737328759151, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1160005258137101140, authorId=1324770737261650281, language=EN, stringName=Yuguang Niu, firstName=Yuguang, middleName=null, lastName=Niu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, c, address=b National Key Laboratory of New Energy Power Systems, Beijing 102206, China
    c Beijing Huairou Laboratory, Beijing 101499, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Jinze Li, Fang Fang, Yuanye Chen, Songyuan Yu, Jizhen Liu, Yanjun Du, Ming Du, Yi Zhang, Qinghua Wang, Yuguang Niu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    The Effects of Energy Transition and Environmental Policy Stringency Subtypes on Ecological Footprint: Evidence from BRICS Countries via a KRLS Approach
    [Author(id=1324770731444289852, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mustafatevfikkartal@gmail.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770731532370245, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, authorId=1324770731444289852, language=EN, stringName=Mustafa Tevfik Kartal, firstName=Mustafa, middleName=null, lastName=Tevfik Kartal, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=a Department of Finance and Banking, European University of Lefke, Mersin 99010, Türkiye; b Clinic of Economics, Azerbaijan State University of Economics (UNEC), Baku AZ1007, Azerbaijan
    c Division of International Studies, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
    d Department of Economics and Finance, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770731578507595, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770731662393683, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, authorId=1324770731578507595, language=EN, stringName=Arshian Sharif, firstName=Arshian, middleName=null, lastName=Sharif, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, e, f, address=e University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw 01-043, Poland
    f College of International Studies, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
    g Economic Research Center (WCERC), Western Caspian University, Baku AZ1001, Azerbaijan, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770731708531032, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770731779834209, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, authorId=1324770731708531032, language=EN, stringName=Cosimo Magazzino, firstName=Cosimo, middleName=null, lastName=Magazzino, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=g, h, address=h ARUCAD Research Center, Arkin University of Creative Arts and Design, Mersin 99300, Türkiye; i Department of Economics, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
    j BEU-Scientific Research Center, Baku Engineering University, Khirdalan City AZ0101, Azerbaijan, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770731821777256, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770731876303214, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, authorId=1324770731821777256, language=EN, stringName=Shahriyar Mukhtarov, firstName=Shahriyar, middleName=null, lastName=Mukhtarov, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=i, address=k Research Center for Sustainable Economic Development, Khazar University, Baku AZ1096, Azerbaijan, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770731922440563, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770731964383608, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159996500749116272, authorId=1324770731922440563, language=EN, stringName=Dervis Kirikkaleli, firstName=Dervis, middleName=null, lastName=Kirikkaleli, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Mustafa Tevfik Kartal, Arshian Sharif, Cosimo Magazzino, Shahriyar Mukhtarov, Dervis Kirikkaleli

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Nano-Engineered Platforms for Next-Generation Tumor Ablation: Integrating Local Eradication with Systemic Immunomodulation
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    b Cancer Center, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
    c Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Lishui City, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736918053154, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736985162026, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, authorId=1324770736918053154, language=EN, stringName=Yang Yang, firstName=Yang, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, c, address=a Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Interventional Medicine Engineering and Biotechnology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
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    b Cancer Center, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737295540551, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737375232333, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, authorId=1324770737295540551, language=EN, stringName=Zhongwei Zhao, firstName=Zhongwei, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Interventional Medicine Engineering and Biotechnology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
    b Cancer Center, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737425563984, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737488478548, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, authorId=1324770737425563984, language=EN, stringName=Hamid Reza Karimi, firstName=Hamid, middleName=null, lastName=Reza Karimi, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milano 20156, Italy, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737538810199, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=minjiangchen@wmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737631084894, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, authorId=1324770737538810199, language=EN, stringName=Minjiang Chen, firstName=Minjiang, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=a Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Interventional Medicine Engineering and Biotechnology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
    b Cancer Center, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
    c Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Lishui City, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737673027937, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, orderNo=11, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jjstcty@wmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737752719722, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135988749247, authorId=1324770737673027937, language=EN, stringName=Jiansong Ji, firstName=Jiansong, middleName=null, lastName=Ji, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=a Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Interventional Medicine Engineering and Biotechnology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
    b Cancer Center, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China
    c Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine of Lishui City, Lishui Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui 323000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Jinhua Luo, Bufu Tang, Xiaojie Zhang, Yun Hu, Shiji Fang, Yang Yang, Gaofeng Shu, Jingjing Song, Zhongwei Zhao, Hamid Reza Karimi, Minjiang Chen, Jiansong Ji

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

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    c National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Shijiazhuang 050035, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770740952478132, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135299928946, orderNo=22, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=aijing@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741015392698, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244135299928946, authorId=1324770740952478132, language=EN, stringName=Jing Ai, firstName=Jing, middleName=null, lastName=Ai, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a Department of Pharmacology & State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Xiaobin An, Wentao Xu, Haining Chen, Mingyou Zhang, Xiaojing Zhong, Jing Liu, Haihui Chen, Xinyue Zhao, Yan Wu, Jing Li, Jinan Yang, Meijie Chen, Lu Zeng, Jing Ma, Xuqiao Wang, Hongrong Li, Yanpeng Xue, Qin Wang, Dongyang Wang, Guitian Cong, Yunlong Hou, Zhenhua Jia, Jing Ai

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Waterhouse, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770742550176768, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628526815768770, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770742608896002, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628526815768770, authorId=1324770742550176768, language=EN, stringName=Quancai Sun, firstName=Quancai, middleName=null, lastName=Sun, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770742655033349, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628526815768770, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=huangjing@seu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770742717947912, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628526815768770, authorId=1324770742655033349, language=EN, stringName=Jing Huang, firstName=Jing, middleName=null, lastName=Huang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (MOE) & Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770742764085258, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628526815768770, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jin.wang6@mail.mcgill.ca, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770742831194126, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628526815768770, authorId=1324770742764085258, language=EN, stringName=Jin Wang, firstName=Jin, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, d, *, address=a Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering (MOE) & Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
    d Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Xinxue Zhang, Pengfei Dong, Youfa Wang, Shuang Wu, Lili Zhang, Jie Han, Geoffrey I.N. Waterhouse, Quancai Sun, Jing Huang, Jin Wang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    A Low-Carbon Platform for Upgrading Waste Polyesters into Methane Fuels via Piezo-Driven Biocatalysis
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tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741002719430, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, authorId=1324770740939804867, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoqiang An, firstName=Xiaoqiang, middleName=null, lastName=An, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741048856777, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741111771339, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, authorId=1324770741048856777, language=EN, stringName=Yuan Wen, firstName=Yuan, middleName=null, lastName=Wen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741162102989, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741225017552, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, authorId=1324770741162102989, language=EN, stringName=Shunan Zhao, firstName=Shunan, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741275349202, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741338263765, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, authorId=1324770741275349202, language=EN, stringName=Huijuan Liu, firstName=Huijuan, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770741384401111, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=jhqu@tsinghua.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770741459898588, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660967131574369, authorId=1324770741384401111, language=EN, stringName=Jiuhui Qu, firstName=Jiuhui, middleName=null, lastName=Qu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=a Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    b Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Lu Chen, Xiaoqiang An, Yuan Wen, Shunan Zhao, Huijuan Liu, Jiuhui Qu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    AI-Enabled Strategies for Managing Microplastic Risk in Agroecosystems
    [Author(id=1324770732286956377, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732349870941, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, authorId=1324770732286956377, language=EN, stringName=Peng Deng, firstName=Peng, middleName=null, lastName=Deng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732396008288, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=muli@caas.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732471505767, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, authorId=1324770732396008288, language=EN, stringName=Li Mu, firstName=Li, middleName=null, lastName=Mu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, c, *, address=b Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Editing and Germplasm Innovation, Institute of Western Agricultural of CAAS, Changji 831100, China
    c Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-product Quality Safety (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Safe-product, Agro-environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin 300191, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732517643114, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=wendan.xue@ntu.edu.sg, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732580557676, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, authorId=1324770732517643114, language=EN, stringName=Wendan Xue, firstName=Wendan, middleName=null, lastName=Xue, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, *, address=d School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732626695022, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732681220977, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, authorId=1324770732626695022, language=EN, stringName=Ruiqi Wang, firstName=Ruiqi, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732727358325, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=huxiangang@nankai.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732781884281, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, authorId=1324770732727358325, language=EN, stringName=Xiangang Hu, firstName=Xiangang, middleName=null, lastName=Hu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732844798845, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770732899324800, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, authorId=1324770732844798845, language=EN, stringName=Xu Dong, firstName=Xu, middleName=null, lastName=Dong, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770732941267843, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733004182407, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1198762829890326961, authorId=1324770732941267843, language=EN, stringName=Baoshan Xing, firstName=Baoshan, middleName=null, lastName=Xing, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Peng Deng, Li Mu, Wendan Xue, Ruiqi Wang, Xiangang Hu, Xu Dong, Baoshan Xing

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Current Status, Challenges, and Prospects for Machine Vision Empowered by Edge Intelligence
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    b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729582018727, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yaonan@hnu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729649127597, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770729582018727, language=EN, stringName=Yaonan Wang, firstName=Yaonan, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=a National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
    b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729695264946, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729762373818, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770729695264946, language=EN, stringName=Hui Zhang, firstName=Hui, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
    b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729808511163, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729871425725, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770729808511163, language=EN, stringName=Hai Wang, firstName=Hai, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729921757375, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729980477635, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770729921757375, language=EN, stringName=Kaiwen Tang, firstName=Kaiwen, middleName=null, lastName=Tang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730026614983, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730089529550, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770730026614983, language=EN, stringName=Xiangdong Liao, firstName=Xiangdong, middleName=null, lastName=Liao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730135666897, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730206970071, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770730135666897, language=EN, stringName=Yurong Chen, firstName=Yurong, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
    b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730253107419, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730324410596, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770730253107419, language=EN, stringName=Xuesan Su, firstName=Xuesan, middleName=null, lastName=Su, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
    b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770730374742250, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730446045427, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1299420096377258394, authorId=1324770730374742250, language=EN, stringName=Ating Yin, firstName=Ating, middleName=null, lastName=Yin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a National Engineering Research Center of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
    b School of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Bingrui Zhao, Yaonan Wang, Hui Zhang, Hai Wang, Kaiwen Tang, Xiangdong Liao, Yurong Chen, Xuesan Su, Ating Yin

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Battery Material Demand and End-of-Life Management for Europe’s E-Mobility Transition
    [Author(id=1324770735969313413, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736036422281, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770735969313413, language=EN, stringName=Wu Chen, firstName=Wu, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, #, address=a SDU Life Cycle Engineering, Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736086753932, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736208388756, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736086753932, language=EN, stringName=Juan Tan, firstName=Juan, middleName=null, lastName=Tan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, c, d, #, address=b MOE Social Science Laboratory of Mineral Resources Security Governance, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
    c School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
    d Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Geological Carbon Storage and Low Carbon Utilization of Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736258720406, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736321634969, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736258720406, language=EN, stringName=Rui Zhang, firstName=Rui, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=e, address=e Alibaba Group, Hangzhou 310052, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736371966620, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736434881184, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736371966620, language=EN, stringName=Jakob K. Rasmussen, firstName=Jakob, middleName=null, lastName=K. Rasmussen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a SDU Life Cycle Engineering, Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736485212836, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736552321703, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736485212836, language=EN, stringName=Jakob L. Karlsson, firstName=Jakob, middleName=null, lastName=L. Karlsson, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a SDU Life Cycle Engineering, Department of Green Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5230, Denmark, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736602653354, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736673956526, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736602653354, language=EN, stringName=Xin Ouyang, firstName=Xin, middleName=null, lastName=Ouyang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, address=f Department of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736724288176, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736787202739, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736724288176, language=EN, stringName=Qiance Liu, firstName=Qiance, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=g, address=g College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736833340085, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770736896254648, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736833340085, language=EN, stringName=Burak Sen, firstName=Burak, middleName=null, lastName=Sen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=h, address=h SAU Center for Research & Development, and Applied Research (SARGEM), Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54050, Türkiye; i Center for Minerals and Materials, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen 1350, Denmark, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770736942391997, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737005306561, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770736942391997, language=EN, stringName=Jakob K. Keiding, firstName=Jakob, middleName=null, lastName=K. Keiding, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=i, address=j Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770737051443911, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=gangliu@pku.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770737114358475, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1293930164086510142, authorId=1324770737051443911, language=EN, stringName=Gang Liu, firstName=Gang, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=g, *, address=g College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Wu Chen, Juan Tan, Rui Zhang, Jakob K. Rasmussen, Jakob L. Karlsson, Xin Ouyang, Qiance Liu, Burak Sen, Jakob K. Keiding, Gang Liu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Extreme Resilience: Scalable Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber Aerogels with Ultrahigh Elasticity and Temperature Tolerance
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    b Future Intelligent Wear Centre, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733255840666, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733331338143, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770733255840666, language=EN, stringName=Xinyang He, firstName=Xinyang, middleName=null, lastName=He, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, d, #, address=c Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    d Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733377475490, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733440390054, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770733377475490, language=EN, stringName=Zhilin Teng, firstName=Zhilin, middleName=null, lastName=Teng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733486527402, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733549441966, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770733486527402, language=EN, stringName=Wendi Liu, firstName=Wendi, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China, bio=null, 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aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733692048313, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733750768573, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770733692048313, language=EN, stringName=Zhen Li, firstName=Zhen, middleName=null, lastName=Li, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=c Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733801100225, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733859820485, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770733801100225, language=EN, stringName=Ding Zhang, firstName=Ding, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, address=f School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733905957833, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733968872397, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770733905957833, language=EN, stringName=Jinhao Xu, firstName=Jinhao, middleName=null, lastName=Xu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b Future Intelligent Wear Centre, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770734015009745, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=xinbj@sues.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770734077924309, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770734015009745, language=EN, stringName=Binjie Xin, firstName=Binjie, middleName=null, lastName=Xin, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a School of Textiles and Fashion, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770734128255961, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=dahua.shou@polyu.edu.hk, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770734207947742, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770734128255961, language=EN, stringName=Dahua Shou, firstName=Dahua, middleName=null, lastName=Shou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, g, *, address=b Future Intelligent Wear Centre, School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
    g Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770734254085089, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=wangliming@dhu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770734312805350, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248660956478042890, authorId=1324770734254085089, language=EN, stringName=Liming Wang, firstName=Liming, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, *, address=c Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Shouzhi Yan, Xinyang He, Zhilin Teng, Wendi Liu, Xuepeng Ni, Zhen Li, Ding Zhang, Jinhao Xu, Binjie Xin, Dahua Shou, Liming Wang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    The Impact of Tidal Lagoons on Regional Water Exchange
    [Author(id=1324770733805879397, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525054837405, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770733919125612, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525054837405, authorId=1324770733805879397, language=EN, stringName=Bin Guo, firstName=Bin, middleName=null, lastName=Guo, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=a School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AQ, UK
    b National Oceanography Centre, Liverpool L3 5DA, UK, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770733965262960, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525054837405, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770734028177523, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525054837405, authorId=1324770733965262960, language=EN, stringName=Roger A. Falconer, firstName=Roger, middleName=null, lastName=A. Falconer, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AQ, UK, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770734074314870, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525054837405, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=AhmadianR@cardiff.ac.uk, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770734133035130, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1248628525054837405, authorId=1324770734074314870, language=EN, stringName=Reza Ahmadian, firstName=Reza, middleName=null, lastName=Ahmadian, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a School of Engineering, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AQ, UK, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Bin Guo, Roger A. Falconer, Reza Ahmadian

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • research-article
    Revealing the Native Multi-Enzyme Synergy of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus SDH15 for Ultra-Long-Chain Alkane Biodegradation
    [Author(id=1324770729502187655, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729569296521, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, authorId=1324770729502187655, language=EN, stringName=Xianrui Liu, firstName=Xianrui, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Biomanufacturing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals Biomanufacturing, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing Synthetic Bio-manufacturing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729619628171, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729686737037, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, authorId=1324770729619628171, language=EN, stringName=Donghuan Su, firstName=Donghuan, middleName=null, lastName=Su, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Biomanufacturing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals Biomanufacturing, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing Synthetic Bio-manufacturing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729737068687, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729804177553, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, authorId=1324770729737068687, language=EN, stringName=Shaojie Wang, firstName=Shaojie, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Biomanufacturing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals Biomanufacturing, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing Synthetic Bio-manufacturing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729854509203, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770729921618069, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, authorId=1324770729854509203, language=EN, stringName=Zhenxia Du, firstName=Zhenxia, middleName=null, lastName=Du, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=b College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1324770729976144023, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=suhj@mail.buct.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1324770730039058585, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1268244138454327344, authorId=1324770729976144023, language=EN, stringName=Haijia Su, firstName=Haijia, middleName=null, lastName=Su, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=a State Key Laboratory of Green Biomanufacturing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemicals Biomanufacturing, National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery, Beijing Synthetic Bio-manufacturing Technology Innovation Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Xianrui Liu, Donghuan Su, Shaojie Wang, Zhenxia Du, Haijia Su

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.