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Protecting healthcare personnel from 2019-nCoV infection risks: lessons and suggestions

Zhiruo Zhang, Shelan Liu, Mi Xiang, Shijian Li, Dahai Zhao, Chaolin Huang, Saijuan Chen

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 229-231 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0765-x

摘要： The outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19, caused by the 2019-nCoV infection) in December 2019 is one of the most severe public health emergencies since the founding of People’s Republic of China in 1949. Healthcare personnel (HCP) nationwide are facing heavy workloads and high risk of infection, especially those who care for patients at the epicenter of the outbreak, Hubei Province. Sadly, as of February 20, 2020, over two thousand COVID-19 cases are confirmed among HCP from 476 hospitals nationwide, with nearly 90% of them from Hubei Province. Based on literature search and interviews with some HCP working at Wuhan, capital city of Hubei, we have summarized some of the effective measures taken to reduce infection among HCP, and also made suggestions for improving occupational safety during an infectious disease outbreak. The experience and lessons learned should be a valuable asset for international health community to contain the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic around the world.

关键词： healthcare personnel COVID-19 infectious diseases

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on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV-nCoV infection

Xin Zou, Ke Chen, Jiawei Zou, Peiyi Han, Jie Hao, Zeguang Han

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 185-192 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0754-0

摘要：

It has been known that, the novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV, which is considered similar to SARS-CoV and originated from Wuhan (China), invades human cells via the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2). Moreover, lung cells that have ACE2 expression may be the main target cells during 2019-nCoV infection. However, some patients also exhibit non-respiratory symptoms, such as kidney failure, implying that 2019-nCoV could also invade other organs. To construct a risk map of different human organs, we analyzed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets derived from major human physiological systems, including the respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, and urinary systems. Through scRNA-seq data analyses, we identified the organs at risk, such as lung, heart, esophagus, kidney, bladder, and ileum, and located specific cell types (i.e., type II alveolar cells (AT2), myocardial cells, proximal tubule cells of the kidney, ileum and esophagus epithelial cells, and bladder urothelial cells), which are vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection. Based on the findings, we constructed a risk map indicating the vulnerability of different organs to 2019-nCoV infection. This study may provide potential clues for further investigation of the pathogenesis and route of 2019-nCoV infection.

关键词： 2019-nCoV ACE2 single-cell RNA-seq

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Combination of western medicine and Chinese traditional patent medicine in treating a family case of COVID-19 in Wuhan

Li Ni, Ling Zhou, Min Zhou, Jianping Zhao, Dao Wen Wang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 210-214 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0757-x

摘要： In December 2019, an outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. By February 14, 2020, it has led to 66 492 confirmed patients in China and high mortality up to ~2.96% (1123/37 914) in Wuhan. Here we report the first family case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmed in Wuhan and treated using the combination of western medicine and Chinese traditional patent medicine Shuanghuanglian oral liquid (SHL). This report describes the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and management of three cases from a family, suggests the expected therapeutic effects of SHL on COVID-19, and warrants further clinical trials.

关键词： novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) COVID-19 Chinese traditional patent medicine Shuanghuanglian oral liquid

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China’s local governments are combating COVID-19 with unprecedented responses – from a Wenzhou governance perspective

Fanghua Gong, Yong Xiong, Jian Xiao, Li Lin, Xiaodong Liu, Dezhong Wang, Xiaokun Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 220-224 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0755-z

摘要： The COVID-19 caused by a novel strain of coronavirus has been spreading rapidly since its onset in Wuhan, the capital city of central China’s Hubei Province, in December 2019. It is highly communicable through human-to-human transmission. China has been making unprecedented efforts in treating the confirmed cases, identifying and isolating their close contacts and suspected cases to control the source of infection and cut the route of transmission. China’s devotion in handling this epidemic has effectively and efficiently curbed communication domestically and across the border. Representative measures adopted by Wenzhou, the worst hit city out of Hubei Province, are examined to elucidate those massive undertakings with the aim of enhancing international understanding and building global rapport in fighting this evolving epidemic situation.

关键词： COVID-19 novel coronavirus pneumonia 2019-nCoV epidemic management

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2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: a quiz or final exam?

Jiuyang Xu, Yijun Chen, Hao Chen, Bin Cao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 225-228 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0753-1

摘要： The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is an emerging pathogen and is threatening the global health. Strikingly, more than 28 000 cases and 550 deaths have been reported within two months from disease emergence. Armed with experience from previous epidemics in the last two decades, clinicians, scientists, officials, and citizens in China are all contributing to the prevention of further 2019-nCoV transmission. Efficient preliminary work has enabled us to understand the basic characteristics of 2019-nCoV, but there are still many unanswered questions. It is too early now to judge our performance in this outbreak. Continuous and strengthened efforts should be made not only during the epidemic, but also afterwards in order to prepare for any incoming challenges.

关键词： 2019-nCoV novel coronavirus epidemic public response

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新冠病毒肺炎临床试验核心指标集（COS-COVID） Article

金鑫瑶, 庞博, 张俊华, 刘清泉, 杨忠奇, 封继宏, 刘学政, 张磊, 王保和, 黄宇虹, Alice Josephine Fauci, 马玉玲, Myeong Soo Lee, 元唯安, 谢雁鸣, 唐健元, 高蕊, 杜亮, 张硕, 祁寒梅, 孙宇, 郑文科, 杨丰文, 蔡慧姿, 王可仪, 欧益, 黄明, 朱彦, 喻佳洁, 田金徽, 赵敏, 胡镜清, 姚晨, 李幼平, 张伯礼

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第10期页码 1147-1152 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.002

摘要：

自2019年12月新型冠状病毒肺炎（Coronavirus Disease 2019, COVID-19）暴发以来，已有大量相关临床研究完成注册或已启动。

关键词：核心指标集 COVID-19 2019-nCoV 冠状病毒疾病临床试验

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2019年度全球工程前沿引言

全球工程前沿项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2019年第3卷第1期页码 1-1

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2019年度全球工程前沿研究方法

全球工程前沿项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2019年第3卷第1期页码 2-5

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2019年度农业前沿

农业项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2019年第3卷第1期页码 150-170

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2019年度医药卫生前沿

医药卫生项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2019年第3卷第1期页码 171-198

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2019年度工程管理前沿

工程管理项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2019年第3卷第1期页码 199-225

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2019年度信息与电子工程前沿

信息与电子工程项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2019年第3卷第1期页码 29-50

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2019年度环境与轻纺工程前沿

环境与轻纺工程项目组

《全球工程前沿》 2019年第3卷第1期页码 127-149

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The International Conference on the Evolution of China Urban Water Environment & Ecology, 2019

Jiuhui Qu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1179-3

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a clinical update

Min Zhou, Xinxin Zhang, Jieming Qu

《医学前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第2期页码 126-135 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0767-8

摘要： Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has posed a significant threat to global health. It caused a total of 80 868 confirmed cases and 3101 deaths in Chinese mainland until March 8, 2020. This novel virus spread mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact. As disease progressed, a series of complications tend to develop, especially in critically ill patients. Pathological findings showed representative features of acute respiratory distress syndrome and involvement of multiple organs. Apart from supportive care, no specific treatment has been established for COVID-19. The efficacy of some promising antivirals, convalescent plasma transfusion, and tocilizumab needs to be investigated by ongoing clinical trials.

关键词： coronavirus disease 2019 epidemiology pathology radiology clinical characteristics treatment