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Recombinant aspartate aminotransferase-catalyzed synthesis of L-4-fluorophenylalanine

CHEN Meijuan, JIA Honghua, CHEN Yongsheng, JIANG Min, WEI Ping

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 220-223 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0041-0

摘要： L-4-Fluorophenylalanine (FPhe) was prepared from 4-fluorophenylpyruvate (FPPA) catalyzed by aspartate aminotransferase (Asp-AT) of the recombinant BL21-pET/aspC. After 12 h enzymatic reaction, the FPPA conversion was over 90% and the yield of FPhe could be above 85% under the following optimal conditions: 37°C, pH value range of 5.0–8.0, 5.5 mass ratio of cell to FPPA, 0.6% (w/v) of Tween 80, 7.08 g/L FPPA, and 1.6 of molar ratio of L-Asp to FPPA.

关键词： L-4-Fluorophenylalanine Asp-AT aspartate aminotransferase 4-fluorophenylpyruvate FPPA

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Metabolic interventions combined with CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade for the treatment of tumors: mechanisms

《医学前沿（英文）》页码 805-822 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1025-7

摘要： Immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) have significantly improved patient outcomes and offered new approaches to cancer therapy over the past decade. To date, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 represent the main class of immunotherapy. Blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 has shown remarkable efficacy in several specific types of cancers, however, a large subset of refractory patients presents poor responsiveness to ICB therapy; and the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Recently, numerous studies have revealed that metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells restrains immune responses by remodeling the tumor microenvironment (TME) with various products of metabolism, and combination therapies involving metabolic inhibitors and ICIs provide new approaches to cancer therapy. Nevertheless, a systematic summary is lacking regarding the manner by which different targetable metabolic pathways regulate immune checkpoints to overcome ICI resistance. Here, we demonstrate the generalized mechanism of targeting cancer metabolism at three crucial immune checkpoints (CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1) to influence ICB therapy and propose potential combined immunotherapeutic strategies co-targeting tumor metabolic pathways and immune checkpoints.

关键词： CTLA-4 PD-1 PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) metabolic reprogramming combined tumor therapeutic strategies

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Effects of iron oxide nanoparticles on phenotype and metabolite changes in hemp clones ( L.)

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1569-9

摘要：

● Fe₃O₄ NPs increased the biomass and chlorophyll content of hemp clones.

关键词： Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle Hemp Growth enhancement THC Metabolite

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Initiation of Setaria as a model plant

Xianmin DIAO,James SCHNABLE,Jeffrey L. BENNETZEN,Jiayang LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 16-20 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014011

摘要： Model organisms such as Arabidopsis ( ) and rice ( ) have proven essential for efficient scientific discovery and development of new methods. With the diversity of plant lineages, some important processes such as C photosynthesis are not found in either Arabidopsis or rice, so new model species are needed. Due to their small diploid genomes, short life cycles, self-pollination, small adult statures and prolific seed production, domesticated foxtail millet ( ) and its wild ancestor, green foxtail ( ), have recently been proposed as novel model species for functional genomics of the Panicoideae, especially for study of C photosynthesis. This review outlines the development of these species as model organisms, and discusses current challenges and future potential of a Setaria model.

关键词： Setaria foxtail millet C₄ photosynthesis model organism

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Comments on the special issue on forestry of

John L. INNES

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 502-503 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017189

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PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cervical cancer: current studies and perspectives

Yumeng Wang, Guiling Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 438-450 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0674-4

摘要： Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed female malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. Despite the use of advanced screening and preventive vaccines, more than half of all CC cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, when therapeutic options are extremely limited and side effects are severe. Given these circumstances, new and effective treatments are needed. In recent years, exciting progress has been made in immunotherapies, including the rapid development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Checkpoint blockades targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have achieved effective clinical responses with acceptable toxicity by suppressing tumor progression and improving survival in several tumor types. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, including the expression patterns of PD-1/PD-L1 and potential PD-1/PD-L1-related therapeutic strategies for CC.

关键词： PD-1 PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade antibody immunotherapy cervical cancer

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ZnFe₂O₄/BiVO₄ Z-scheme heterojunction for efficient visible-light photocatalytic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第11期页码 1728-1740 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2322-z

摘要： A novel Z-scheme ZnFe₂O₄/BiVO₄ heterojunction photocatalyst was successfully synthesized using a convenient solvothermal method and applied in the visible light photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin, which is a typical antibiotic contaminant in wastewater. The heterostructure of as-synthesized catalysts was confirmed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations. Compared with the single-phase counterparts, ZnFe₂O₄/BiVO₄ demonstrated considerably enhanced photogenerated charge separation efficiencies because of the Z-scheme transfer mechanism of electrons between the composite photocatalysts. Consequently, the 30% ZnFe₂O₄/BiVO₄ catalyst afforded a degradation rate of up to 97% of 20 mg/L ciprofloxacin under 30 min of visible light irradiation with a total organic carbon removal rate of 50%, which is an excellent activity compared with ever reported BiVO₄-based catalysts. In addition, the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantitative structure-activity relationships model analyses demonstrated that the toxicity of the intermediates was lower than that of the parent ciprofloxacin. Moreover, the as-synthesized ZnFe₂O₄/BiVO₄ heterojunctions were quite stable and could be reused at least four times. This study thus provides a promising Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst for the efficient removal and detoxication of antibiotic pollutants from wastewater.

关键词： ZnFe₂O₄/BiVO₄ Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalytic degradation ciprofloxacin

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In memory of Perry L. McCarty, seminal founder of Environmental Biotechnology

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1730-0

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Shear design of high strength concrete prestressed girders

Emad L. LABIB,Hemant B. DHONDE,Thomas T. C. HSU,Y. L. MO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第4期页码 373-387 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0087-7

摘要： Normal strength prestressed concrete I-girders are commonly used as the primary superstructure components in highway bridges. However, shear design guidelines for high strength PC girders are not available in the current structural codes. Recently, ten 7.62 m (25 feet) long girders made with high strength concrete were designed, cast, and tested at the University of Houston (UH) to study the ultimate shear strength and the shear concrete contribution ( ) as a function of concrete strength ( ). A simple semi-empirical set of equations was developed based on the test results to predict the ultimate shear strength of prestressed concrete I-girders. The UH-developed set of equations is a function of concrete strength ( ), web area ( ), shear span to effective depth ratio ( / ), and percentage of transverse steel ( ). The proposed UH-Method was found to accurately predict the ultimate shear strength of PC girders with concrete strength up to 117 MPa (17000 psi) ensuring satisfactory ductility. The UH-Method was found to be not as overly conservative as the ACI-318 (2011) code provisions, and also not to overestimate the ultimate shear strength of high strength PC girders as the AASHTO LRFD (2010) code provisions. Moreover, the proposed UH-Method was found fairly accurate and not exceedingly conservative in predicting the concrete contribution to shear for concrete strength up to 117 MPa (17000 psi).

关键词： shear design high strength concrete prestressed girders full-scale tests

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Li₄SiO₄-coated LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ as the high performance

Shifeng YANG, Wenfeng REN, Jian CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 374-382 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0494-2

摘要： The preparation of Li SiO -coated LiNi Mn O materials by sintering the SiO -coated nickel-manganese oxides with lithium salts using abundant and low-cost sodium silicate as the silicon source was reported. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that a uniform and complete SiO coating layer could be obtained at a suitable pH value of 10, which transformed to a good Li SiO coating layer afterwards. When used as the cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, the Li SiO -coated LiNi Mn O samples deliver a better electrochemical performance in terms of the discharge capacity, rate capability, and cycling stability than that of the pristine material. It can still deliver 111.1 mAh/g at 20 C after 300 cycles, with a retention ratio of 93.1% of the stable capacity, which is far beyond that of the pristine material (101.3 mAh/g, 85.6%).

关键词： lithium-ion batteries cathode material LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ lithium-ion conductor coating

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Enhanced debromination of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by zero-valent zinc with ascorbic

Chaojin Jiang, Xiaoqian Jiang, Lixun Zhang, Yuntao Guan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1224-2

摘要： Highly efficient debromination of BDE-47 was achieved in the ZVZ/AA system. BDE-47 debromination by the ZVZ/AA can be applied to a wide range of pH. AA inhibits the formation of (hydr)oxide and accelerates the corrosion of ZVZ. Reduction mechanism of BDE-47 debromination by the ZVZ/AA system was proposed. A new technique of zero-valent zinc coupled with ascorbic acid (ZVZ/AA) was developed and applied to debrominate the 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), which achieved high conversion and rapid debromination of BDE-47 to less- or non-toxic forms. The reaction conditions were optimized by the addition of 100 mg/L ZVZ particles and 3 mmol/L AA at original solution pH= 4.00 using the solvent of methanol/H2O (v:v= 4:6), which could convert approximately 94% of 5 mg/L BDE-47 into lower-brominated diphenyl ethers within a 90 min at the ZVZ/AA system. The high debromination of BDE-47 was mainly attributed to the effect of AA that inhibits the formation of Zn(II)(hydr)oxide passivation layers and promotes the corrosion of ZVZ, which leads to increase the reactivity of ZVZ. Additionally, ion chromatography and gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses revealed that bromine ion and lower-debromination diphenyl ethers formed during the reduction of BDE-47. Furthermore, based on the generation of the intermediates products, and its concentration changes over time, it was proposed that the dominant pathway for conversion of BDE-47 was sequential debromination and the final products were diphenyl ethers. These results suggested that the ZVZ/AA system has the potential for highly efficient debromination of BDE-47 from wastewater.

关键词： 2 2′ 4 4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) Ascorbic acid Reductive debromination Zero-valent zinc

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Knockdown of RFC4 inhibits the cell proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma and

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第1期页码 132-142 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0938-x

摘要： Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that mainly occurs in East and Southeast Asia. Although patients benefit from the main NPC treatments (e.g., radiotherapy and concurrent chemotherapy), persistent and recurrent diseases still occur in some NPC patients. Therefore, investigating the pathogenesis of NPC is of great clinical significance. In the present study, replication factor c subunit 4 (RFC4) is a key potential target involved in NPC progression via bioinformatics analysis. Furthermore, the expression and mechanism of RFC4 in NPC were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Our results revealed that RFC4 was more elevated in NPC tumor tissues than in normal tissues. RFC4 knockdown induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and inhibited NPC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, HOXA10 was confirmed as a downstream target of RFC4, and the overexpression of HOXA10 attenuated the silencing of RFC4-induced cell proliferation, colony formation inhibition, and cell cycle arrest. For the first time, this study reveals that RFC4 is required for NPC cell proliferation and may play a pivotal role in NPC tumorigenesis.

关键词： nasopharyngeal carcinoma WGCNA RFC4 proliferation

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Deeply missing my career idol and role model ― Professor Perry L. McCarty

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1717-x

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4D打印定律 Article

Farhang Momeni, Jun Ni

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第9期页码 1035-1055 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.01.015

摘要：相应地，四维(4D)打印是一个涉及多个研究领域的制造工艺。4D打印保留了3D打印的一般属性(如减少材料浪费、消除注射模具、冲压模具和机械加工过程)，并且随着时间的推移能实现产品第四维度的智能行为。3D和4D打印结构的主要区别是4D打印存在一个附加的维度，这个维度可以随着时间的推移进行智能进化。然而，目前还没有用于建模和预测这个附加维度的一般公式。本文从基本原理开始，导出并验证了一个具有特定格式的一般双指数公式，该公式可以模拟几乎所有4D结构的时间相关性行为(如水、光化学、光热、溶剂、pH、湿度、电化学、电热、超声波等响应)。研究表明，需要利用两种类型的时间常数来捕捉4D多材料的正确的时间相关性行为。本文引入了4D多材料结构中主动材料和被动材料的界面错配压力的概念，从而得到了两个时间常数之一。本文的结果从最基本的概念开始，并以控制方程结束，可以作为未来4D打印领域研究的一般设计原则，其中时间相关性行为应该被正确地理解、建模和预测。

关键词：制造业刺激响应材料材料力学时间常数 4D打印