Search | Engineering

订阅投稿

首页工程期刊工程焦点工程成就工程前沿关于我们 English

资源类型

期刊论文 7

年份

2018 5

2017 1

2015 1

关键词

《联合国气候变化框架公约》(UNFCCC) 1

关键脆弱性 1

制度建设 1

国际谈判 1

政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 1

气候变化 1

长期目标 1

展开︾

检索范围：

排序：展示方式：

Effects of the US withdrawal from Paris Agreement on the carbon emission space and cost of China and

Hancheng DAI, Yang XIE, Haibin ZHANG, Zhongjue YU, Wentao WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 362-375 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0574-y

摘要：

Climate mitigation has become a global issue and most countries have promised their greenhouse gas reduction target. However, after Trump took office as president of the United States (US), the US withdrew from the Paris Agreement. As the biggest economy, this would have impacts on the emission space of other countries. This paper, by using the integrated model of energy, environment and economy/computable general equilibrium (IMED/CGE) model, assesses the impacts of the US withdrawal from Paris Agreement on China, India in terms of carbon emission space and mitigation cost under Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and 2°C scenarios due to changed emission pathway of the US. The results show that, under the condition of constant global cumulative carbon emissions and fixed burden sharing scheme among the countries, the failure of the US to honor its NDC commitment will increase its carbon emission space and decrease its mitigation cost. However, the carbon emission space of other regions, including China and India, will be reduced and their mitigation costs will be raised. In 2030, under the 2°C target, the carbon price will increase by US$14.3 to US$45.3/t in China and by US$10.7 to US$33.9/t in India. In addition, China and India will incur additional GDP loss. Under the 2°C target, the GDP loss of China would increase by US$23.3 to US$72.6 billion (equivalent to US$17.4 to US$54.2/capita), and that of India would rise by US$14.2 to US$43.1 billion (equivalent to US$9.3 to US$28.2/capita).

关键词： Paris Agreement China and India the US withdrawal carbon emission space mitigation cost

HTML PDF 收藏

Responding to the Paris Climate Agreement: global climate change mitigation efforts

Yong GENG, Tsuyoshi FUJITA, Anthony CHIU, Hancheng DAI, Han HAO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 333-337 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0587-6

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

HTML PDF 收藏

How diplomacy saved the COP21 Paris Climate Conference, but now, can we save ourselves?

D. Nathaniel MULCAHY, David L. MULCAHY

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 344-352 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0498-y

摘要：

To solve a problem, three things are necessary: awareness, means, and will. The 2015 COP21 Paris accord was a masterful, perhaps even world-saving, diplomatic advance toward making the world aware of climate change. Some of that success may have been because publications from the IPCC and the National Academy of Science were made available, on line, as prepublication offerings, in order to be widely viewed before the Paris Climate Conference. This provided diplomats and negotiators with the latest information about climate change, its nearness in time, its consequences, and how well current mitigation technologies can succeed. Whatever the reasons, the Paris Climate Conference, was a success. Leaders of 195 nations agreed that climate change is a real and present danger to life as is known to all. This important understanding was accomplished despite the presentation of well established scientific facts which, without very diplomatic handling, could easily have evoked overwhelming political opposition to an agreement and thus another COP failure. In this paper, the fact that how some scientific truths, written specifically to be overlooked, were presented in order to prepare COP21 participants for the conference is explained. Besides, the effectiveness and efficiency of currently favored mitigation policies, the extent of ongoing progress to better ones, and finally, how a new appreciation of climate change consequences can strengthen the will of nation states and industries to work toward solutions are evaluated.

关键词： COP21 Paris climate agreement offsets mitigation IPCC

HTML PDF 收藏

Tackling climate change and promoting the energy revolution

Xiangwan DU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 338-343 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0535-5

摘要：

Following the Paris Agreement, green and low-carbon development has entered into a new stage. China’s international responsibility to combat climate change is consistent with the inherent sustainable development needs of the country. In this paper, the reasonability of China’s Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDC) is examined and the fact that low-carbon development can lead to modernization is demonstrated based on data analysis of energy economics from developed countries. Considering the fact that such an energy revolution forms the basis for China’s low-carbon transition, a roadmap of the China’s energy utilization is presented. Based on research results from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, the three historical stages of China’s energy structure reform are analyzed. Promoting a low-carbon transition through an energy revolution is a long-term and arduous process that requires a genuine transformation of development outlook and patterns. By empirically analyzing situations at home and abroad, a conclusion is made that economic development and a low-carbon transition can be achieved simultaneously; specifically, low-carbon development fosters new points of economic growth and gives rise to different development paths.

关键词： climate change Paris Agreement low-carbon transition energy revolution

HTML PDF 收藏

Situation and measures of China’s CO

Jiankun HE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 353-361 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0564-0

摘要：

Global response to climate change has entered the phase of full implementation of the Paris Agreement. To control the global temperature rise below 2°C, all countries must make more efforts to reduce emission. China has combined its goal of emission reduction for combating climate change with its domestic sustainable development strategy to promote energy revolution and the transition of economic development to low-carbon patterns. Through reinforcing the commitment and action before 2020, the CO₂ intensity of GDP can decrease by more than 50% by 2020 compared with that of 2005, and the external commitment target of a 40%–45% decrease can be over fulfilled. Currently, under the new economic normal, China further strengthens the policy measure, vigorously saves energy, enhances energy use efficiency and the economic output benefit, and simultaneously develops new and renewable energy and accelerates energy structural decarbonization, so that the annual decrease rate of the CO₂ intensity of GDP keeps a high level of more than 4% and remains increasing. Thus, the decrease rate of the CO₂ intensity of GDP will exceed the GDP growth rate, and then CO₂ emission will peak around 2030. This will promote the fundamental turning of economic development mode, and lay a foundation for the establishment of a sustainable energy system with near-zero emissions and with new and renewable energy as the main body in the second half of this century. China implements the concept of green low-carbon development and accelerates the low carbon transition of energy and economy to achieve win-win results in economic growth and CO₂ emission mitigation, and these policies and actions will also provide experiences for many other developing countries. On the other hand, China will continue to play a positive and constructive leading role in the implementation of the Paris Agreement internationally, and promote the construction of new mechanisms of win-win cooperation, fairness and justice and common development for global climate governance. Moreover, China will make an effort to build a community of common destiny for mankind, promote pragmatic cooperation among countries, especially among developing countries, and take combating climate change as a new development opportunity for jointly moving toward climate-friendly low-carbon economic development path.

关键词： climate change the Paris Agreement energy revolution NDC (national determined contribution) goals

HTML PDF 收藏

Fatigue crack growth simulations of 3-D linear elastic cracks under thermal load by XFEM

Himanshu PATHAK,Akhilendra SINGH,I.V. SINGH,S. K. YADAV

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第4期页码 359-382 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0304-z

摘要： This paper deals with the fatigue crack growth simulations of three-dimensional linear elastic cracks by XFEM under cyclic thermal load. Both temperature and displacement approximations are extrinsically enriched by Heaviside and crack front enrichment functions. Crack growth is modelled by successive linear extensions, and the end points of these linear extensions are joined by cubic spline segments to obtain a modified crack front. Different crack geometries such as planer, non-planer and arbitrary spline shape cracks are simulated under thermal shock, adiabatic and isothermal loads to reveal the sturdiness and versatility of the XFEM approach.

关键词： 3-D cracks fatigue life Paris law thermal load XFEM

HTML PDF 收藏

全球2℃温升目标与应对气候变化长期目标的演进

高云, 高翔, 张晓华

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第2期页码 272-278 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.022

摘要：

《巴黎协定》提出把全球平均地表气温升幅控制在较工业化前水平的2°C 之内，并努力限制在1.5°C之内。这是第一个使“全球2°C 温升目标”具备法律效力的国际条约，《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条关于最终目标的定性表述，至此演进为《巴黎协定》第二条包含具体数值的全球温升目标。从政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 第二次评估开始，为《联合国气候变化框架公约》谈判提供有助于确定定量化长期目标的科学信息就成为后续历次评估的重要任务，但由于涉及非科学评估范畴的价值判断，IPCC 从未从科学上认定全球升温到何种程度是不可接受的。应对气候变化长期目标的确定经历了长期的过程，“全球2°C 温升目标”是建立在科学评估基础上的一个政治共识。本文从“全球2°C 温升目标”的由来、IPCC 围绕《联合国气候变化框架公约》第二条开展的系列评估，以及不同政治层面对温升目标的推动等几个方面，分析了国际应对气候变化长期目标的演进过程，及其对未来科学评估、谈判进程和全球低碳发展走向的影响。

关键词：气候变化国际谈判政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC) 《联合国气候变化框架公约》(UNFCCC) 长期目标关键脆弱性制度建设