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Cultivars and oil extraction techniques affect Cd/Pb contents and health risks in oil of rapeseed grown

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1687-z

摘要：

● Organic solvent extracted fewer Cd/Pb in rapeseed oil than physical pressing.

关键词： Rapeseed oil Oil extraction technologies Human health risk assessment Cd/Pb-contaminated farmland Substitute planting

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油菜转基因育种研究进展

官春云

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第8期页码 34-39

摘要：

简要介绍了国外油菜转基因育种情况，包括转除草剂抗性基因，病原菌抗性基因，耐重金属基因，影响种子贮藏产物基因，影响繁殖特性基因，医药和工业产品基因，以及启动子调节基因等。较详细介绍了湖南农业大学在Bt毒蛋白基因转化甘蓝型油菜育成抗虫新品系、基因工程雄性不育系、恢复系选育和杂种优势利用，以及反义FAD2基因转化甘蓝型油菜双低品种提高油酸含量的研究结果；浙江省农科院利用反义PEP基因转化甘蓝型油菜提高种子含油量的研究结果。

关键词：油菜转基因育种

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INTERCROPPING TEA PLANTATIONS WITH SOYBEAN AND RAPESEED ENHANCES NITROGEN FIXATION THROUGH SHIFTS IN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第3期页码 344-355 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022451

摘要：

● Intercropping change soil bacterial communities in tea plantations.

关键词： intercropping rapeseed soil microbe soybean tea garden

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高油酸油菜中甘油三酯的组成及结构研究 Artical

官梅,陈洪,熊兴华,吕昕,李栒,黄凤洪,官春云

《工程（英文）》 2016年第2卷第2期页码 258-262 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.02.004

摘要：

植物油中甘油三酯(TAG)的脂肪酸组成及其在甘油主链上的位置决定了植物油脂的营养价值。本研究采用气相色谱法(GC)和高效液相色谱– 串联质谱联用(HPLC-MS/MS)分析了不同油酸含量的甘蓝型油菜籽油的甘油三酯的脂肪酸组成和结构。结果表明：高油酸油菜籽油的油酸含量为80%左右。TAG酰基总碳数(CN值)为54的甘油三酯的相对含量占80%以上。主要的甘油三酯为OOO，相对含量最高达71.75%，其次是OOL 7.56%、OOLn 4.81%和SOO 4.74%。在高油酸的品种中油酸主要集中在甘油三酯上的sn-2位，而在高芥酸品种中，油酸主要集中在甘油三酯上的sn-1/3位置。结果表明，高油酸油菜籽油是一种具有极高营养价值的植物油。

关键词：油菜脂肪酸甘油三酯位置异构体

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冬油菜早熟品种生长发育特性研究

官春云,靳芙蓉,,董国云, 官梅,谭太龙

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第11期页码 4-12

摘要：

研究选用19个冬油菜早熟品种和1个春油菜品种进行小区分期播种试验，探索南方冬油菜早熟品种的生长发育特性。结果表明，综合考虑播种期与单位面积产量，冬油菜早熟品种全生育期应控制在180 d左右；应选择春性、对光温反应较迟钝的早熟品种；播种期应安排在10月中下旬，这样既可防止早花，又可确保油菜在次年4月中下旬成熟；早熟品种的生育特性优于半冬性中熟品种，一般苗期约40 d，蕾苔期约70 d，开花期约40 d，成熟期约30 d；出苗-终花天数与出苗-成熟天数呈正相关(r≥0.90)。青海春油菜品种属春性、弱感光类型，可作冬油菜早熟品种应用，尤以苗期较长、蕾苔期与开花期较集中的品种为佳。

关键词：冬油菜早熟品种生长发育特性

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南方双季稻区冬油菜早熟品种选育和机械栽培研究进展

官春云,陈社员,吴明亮

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第2期页码 4-10

摘要：

为促进南方双季稻区冬油菜生产的发展，选育出油菜早熟品种和实行机械栽培是生产急需解决的两大问题。课题组经过近5年的系统研究，现已成功选育出5个早熟、双低、抗病、高含油量的油菜新组合（品系）。成功研制了适合油菜免耕（浅耕）直播要求的2BYF（D）—6型油菜免耕直播联合播种机，并配套研究了适合直播油菜要求的一次性施用控释肥；同时配合农艺上的催熟剂的开发与使用，研制了与高密度早熟油菜品种相配套的4YC-200油菜联合收割机。形成了在南方双季稻区机械化种植油菜农艺操作规程。通过以上集成技术的实施，实现了油菜种植成本降低，种植面积扩大，油菜产量和种植经济效益的提高，试验测定，通过机械化种植油菜，每公顷纯收入可增至4 500元以上。

关键词：双季稻油菜早熟品种机械栽培控释肥催熟剂

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Biodegradable, superhydrophobic walnut wood membrane for the separation of oil/water mixtures

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期页码 1377-1386 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2157-z

摘要： The preparation of environmentally friendly oil/water separation materials remains a great challenge. Freeze-drying of wood after lignin removal yields wood aerogels, which can be used as substrates to prepare fluorine-free environmentally friendly superhydrophobic materials, However, they are more suitable for absorption rather than filtration applications due to their poor strength. A study using cross-sections of pristine wood chips as substrates retains the original strength of wood, but the use of the cross-sectional of wood pieces limits their thickness, strength, and size. In this paper, a degradable fluorine-free superhydrophobic film (max. water contact angle of approximately 164.2°) with self-cleaning and abrasion resistance characteristics was prepared by a one-step method using pristine and activated walnut longitudinal section films as the substrate, with tetraethyl orthosilicate as a precursor and dodecyltriethoxysilane as a modifier. The tensile strength results show that superhydrophobic films with pristine or activated wood substrates maintained the strength of pristine wood and were 2.2 times stronger than the wood aerogel substrate. In addition, after cross-laminating the two samples, the films had the ability to separate oil and water by continuous filtration with high efficiency (98.5%) and flux (approximately 1.3 × 10³ L∙m^‒2∙h^‒1). The method has potential for the large-scale fabrication of degradable superhydrophobic filtration separation membranes.

关键词： wood nanotechnology superhydrophobic biodegradable surface modification oil/water separation

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Co-hydrotreating light cycle oil-canola oil blends

Huali WANG, Hena FAROOQI, Jinwen CHEN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 64-76 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1504-8

摘要： Canola oil and light cycle oil (LCO) blends were co-hydrotreated over a commercial hydrotreating catalyst (NiMo/Al O ) to produce diesel fuel with a green diesel component. High hydrodeoxygenation, hydrodesulphurization and hydrodenitrogenation catalytic activities were achieved for all three feedstocks tested in the temperature range of 350–380 °C with a hydrogen pressure of 7 MPa and a gas/oil ratio of 800 nL/L. The hydrocracking conversion of the 360 °C+ materials in the feedstocks increased by 5% and 15% when 5 and 7.5 wt-% canola oil was added to the LCO, respectively. Compared to the pure LCO, the cetane index of the diesel product formed from hydrotreating the two canola oil-LCO blends increased by 2.5 and 4, respectively. Due to the higher hydrogen requirement to crack and deoxygenate the triglycerides contained in the canola oil, a higher hydrogen consumption was needed to hydrotreat the canola oil-LCO blends.

关键词： hydrotreating co-hydrotreating co-processing canola oil light cycle oil (LCO)

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Influence of different oil feed rate on bituminous coal ignition in a full-scale tiny-oil ignition burner

Chunlong LIU, Qunyi ZHU, Zhengqi LI, Qiudong ZONG, Xiang ZHANG, Zhichao CHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 406-412 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0266-6

摘要： To reduce oil consumption during firing-up and partial-load operation, a tiny-oil ignition burner has been recommended. Through reacting-flow experiments performed on a full-scale experimental setup, the influence of different oil flow rates on bituminous coal combustion as well as flow rates without coal feed was analyzed. The ignition burner is identical to that normally used in an 800 MWe utility boiler. Under operating conditions with flow rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg/h, gas temperature distributions were measured in the burner. At the equivalent measuring points at the exits of the first and second combustion chambers, these distributions remained almost unchanged under a constant coal feed rate of 4 t/h. However on the burner centerline, distributions increased slightly with increasing flow rate. Different gas concentrations were measured at the center of the burner exit. For instance, the O concentration at the burner exit varied from 0.01% to 0.31% whereas CO concentrations were more than 10000 ppm. At the same coal feed rate of 4 t/h, burner resistances are 480, 600, and 740 Pa for oil flow rates of 50, 100, and 150 kg/h, respectively.

关键词： ignition coal burner boiler oil flow rate

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世界油气上游国际合作的形势和机会

童晓光

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第4期页码 15-19

摘要：

指出中国利用国外油气的必要性，重点分析了伊拉克、伊朗、巴西、加拿大、委内瑞拉和北美油气上游合作的机会及世界油气国际合作的合同变化趋势，提出了当前扩大油气上游国际合作的主要方向。

关键词：油气上游国际合作伊拉克深水油气勘探重油和油砂非常规天然气

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Mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts for oil refining and natural gas conversion

Jie ZHU, Xiangju MENG, Fengshou XIAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第2期页码 233-248 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1329-2

摘要： Zeolites have been regarded as one of the most important catalysts in petrochemical industry due to their excellent catalytic performance. However, the sole micropores in zeolites severely limit their applications in oil refining and natural gas conversion. To solve the problem, mesoporous zeolites have been prepared by introducing mesopores into the zeolite crystals in recent years, and thus have the advantages of both mesostructured materials (fast diffusion and accessible for bulky molecules) and microporous zeolite crystals (strong acidity and high hydrothermal stability). In this review, after giving a brief introduction to preparation, structure, and characterization of mesoporous zeolites, we systematically summarize catalytic applications of these mesoporous zeolites as efficient catalysts in oil refining and natural gas conversion including catalytic cracking of heavy oil, alkylation, isomerization, hydrogenation, hydrodesulfurization, methane dehydroaromatization, methanol dehydration to dimethyl ether, methanol to olefins, and methanol to hydrocarbons.

关键词： mesoporous zeolite catalysis oil refining natural gas conversion

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创新石油与战略思考

康玉柱

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第3期页码 37-40

摘要：

中国油气勘探开发的历史，就是开拓创新的历史。这段历史取得了辉煌的成就，实现了陆相和海相油气勘探两大跨越。自主创新了八大油气地质理论和八大技术系列，发现500多个油气田，2010年产油达2.1×108 t油当量，天然气950×108 m3。从近期研究和实践认为，中国油气资源十分丰富，勘探潜力巨大，勘探领域广泛，并提出了油气资源开发的战略。

关键词：油气田油气资源油气资源潜力油气勘探战略

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properties of a silver particle-coated and 1-dodecanethiol-modified superhydrophobic melamine sponge for oil

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第8期页码 1237-1246 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2140-8

摘要： A Ag particle-coated and 1-dodecanethiol-modified melamine sponge (Ag-DDT-MS) was prepared through surface roughness by coating silver particles and subsequent grafting of a hydrophobic long hydrocarbon chain. Superhydrophobic and 3D porous Ag-DDT-MS was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The water contact angle of Ag-DDT-MS reached 159.2°. Ag-DDT-MS exhibited excellent absorption capacity for high viscous oils and organic solvents, ranging from 42.8 to 105.2 g∙g⁻¹. The absorbed oils can be easily collected by the mechanical pressing process, and the oil recovery rate was satisfactory, more than 90% after 20 recycles. Ag-DDT-MS material also demonstrated good stability and excellent compression-recovery ability, keeping 88.6% of the initial height after ten compression-release cycles.

关键词： melamine sponge oil-absorbing material hydrophobic oil-water separation oil absorption capacity

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Simulate oil spill weathering with system dynamic model

Aihaiti KASIMU, Junran DONG, Yuan BIAN, Desheng WU

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第4期页码 696-696 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0060-1

摘要： Numerous oil spill fate and trajectory models have been recently developed to predict oil spill weathering processes. However, these models separately predicted the fate of spilled oil and the change in oil properties. A system dynamic model is thus developed based on the most significant oil weathering processes, which include spreading, evaporation, dispersion into the water bulk, emulsification, and changes in viscosity and density. We employ differential equations to describe these main oil weathering processes, which vary and have different effects on each other. Oil density and viscosity are functions of evaporation and emulsification and change over time. Oil evaporation is the most important process and removes most of the spilled oil from sea surface. Considering the main oil weathering processes, our model provides a different method of predicting the fate of oil and changes in oil properties. The Alaska North Slope is selected as a case study, and the estimated fractions of evaporation are 19% and 16% at 273 K and 283 K, respectively, within 240 h. Simulation results of oil properties and fates are also presented in this study.

关键词： oil spill weathering modeling system dynamics

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Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of pyrolysis bio-oil to jet fuel: A review

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-024-0943-7

摘要： Bio-oil from biomass pyrolysis cannot directly substitute traditional fuel due to compositional deficiencies. Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is the critical and efficient step to upgrade crude bio-oil to high-quality bio-jet fuel by lowering the oxygen content and increasing the heating value. However, the hydrocracking reaction tends to reduce the liquid yield and increase the gas yield, causing carbon loss and producing hydrocarbons with a short carbon-chain. To obtain high-yield bio-jet fuel, the elucidation of the conversion process of biomass catalytic HDO is important in providing guidance for metal catalyst design and optimization of reaction conditions. Considering the complexity of crude bio-oil, this review aimed to investigate the catalytic HDO pathways with model compounds that present typical bio-oil components. First, it provided a comprehensive summary of the impact of physical and electronic structures of both noble and non-noble metals that include monometallic and bimetallic supported catalysts on regulating the conversion pathways and resulting product selectivity. The subsequent first principle calculations further corroborated reaction pathways of model compounds in atom-level on different catalyst surfaces with the experiments above and illustrated the favored C–O/C=O scission orders thermodynamically and kinetically. Then, it discussed hydrogenation effects of different H-donors (such as hydrogen and methane) and catalysts deactivation for economical and industrial consideration. Based on the descriptions above and recent researches, it also elaborated on catalytic HDO of biomass and bio-oil with multi-functional catalysts. Finally, it presented the challenges and future prospective of biomass catalytic HDO.

关键词： biomass pyrolysis oil bio-jet fuel catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) metal catalyst reaction pathways