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Costs and prices for renewable energy development in industrialized countries and applications to China

Hugo SALAMANCA, Miao CHANG, Xin TIAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第3期   页码 403-411 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0350-2

摘要： Developing renewable energy is now becoming a hot topic as it is important in dealing with climate change issue and energy supply issue. With the growing demand of energy, it has become urgent to develop the effective policies and measures that would enable people to maintain the living standards. Among all the measures, price is an essential one. In order to evaluate the costs and prices of the electricity from renewable energy sources (RES-E) and their effects to the market, this paper firstly focus on the extra costs of the RES-E by breaking it into four parts, including investment, construction, connection and operation. Then, the policy choices made in some typical industrialized countries are examined to find answers to the problems RES-E can raise. Finally, the choices made in China are examined in comparison to industrialized countries so as to determine how the current situation could be improved.

关键词： renewable energy     public policy     costs     prices     renewable portfolio     feed-in tariff    

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Levelized costs of the energy chains of new energy vehicles targeted at carbon neutrality in China

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 392-408 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0212-6

摘要： The diffusion of new energy vehicles (NEVs), such as battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), is critical to the transportation sector’s deep decarbonization. The cost of energy chains is an important factor in the diffusion of NEVs. Although researchers have addressed the technological learning effect of NEVs and the life cycle emissions associated with the diffusion of NEVs, little work has been conducted to analyze the life cycle costs of different energy chains associated with different NEVs in consideration of technological learning potential. Thus, relevant information on investment remains insufficient to promote the deployment of NEVs. This study proposes a systematic framework that includes various (competing or coordinated) energy chains of NEVs formed with different technologies of power generation and transmission, hydrogen production and transportation, power-to-liquid fuel, and fuel transportation. The levelized costs of three typical carbon-neutral energy chains are investigated using the life cycle cost model and considering the technological learning effect. Results show that the current well-to-pump levelized costs of the energy chains in China for BEVs, FCVs, and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) are approximately 3.60, 4.31, and 2.21 yuan/GJ, respectively, and the well-to-wheel levelized costs are 4.50, 6.15, and 7.51 yuan/GJ, respectively. These costs primarily include raw material costs, and they vary greatly for BEVs and FCVs from resource and consumer costs. In consideration of the technological learning effect, the energy chains’ well-to-wheel levelized costs are expected to decrease by 24.82% for BEVs, 27.12% for FCVs, and 19.25% for ICEVs by 2060. This work also summarizes policy recommendations on developing energy chains to promote the diffusion of NEVs in China.

关键词： energy chain     new energy vehicle     internal combustion engine vehicle     life cycle cost     technological learning    

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基因组测序成本将再次降低

Robert Pollie

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第23卷 第4期   页码 3-6 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.02.002

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Regional GIS-based evaluation of the potential and supply costs of forest biomass in Sweden

Dimitris ATHANASSIADIS, Tomas NORDFJELL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第4期   页码 493-501 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017179

摘要： The potential for harvestable forest fuel (logging residues and stumps from regeneration fellings and small diameter trees from early thinnings) in Sweden, divided in five regions, is provided. Marginal cost curves for logging residues and stumps are calculated through a GIS-based method based on forest inventory plots and locations of selected terminals, and heat and combined heat and power facilities. Four supply chains for logging residues and two for stumpwood were compared. Fixed and variable costs of harvesting equipment and transport vehicles were used for determining the costs of each of the supply systems under consideration. A list with the GPS coordinates of all facilities and terminals was made based on their geographical location. The distance from the center of each forest inventory plot to the nearest receiving point within the region, either facility or terminal, was estimated. There were large differences in the estimated potential of harvestable forest fuel between the regions. The overall annual potential for each of the five regions ranged from 0.97 to 2.73 million oven dry tonnes and the total potential amounted to 9.39 Mt (oven dry). One of the northernmost regions (R1) had the steepest slope in its marginal cost curve. For the other regions, the slope of their cost curves was less dramatic. Information on the economic availability of logging residues and stumps in each region is important for forest fuel suppliers and receiving facilities.

关键词： GIS     logging residues     heat and-power faci-lities     stumpwood    

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Optimal operation of energy at hydrothermal power plants by simultaneous minimization of pollution and costs

Homayoun EBRAHIMIAN,Bahman TAHERI,Nasser YOUSEFI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 426-432 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0376-4

摘要： The aim of this paper is simultaneous minimization of hydrothermal units to reach the best solution by employing an improved artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm in a multi-objective function consisting of economic dispatch (ED) considering the valve-point effect and pollution function in power systems in view of the hot water of the hydro system. In this type of optimization problem, all practical constraints of units were taken into account as much as possible in order to comply with the reality. These constraints include the maximum and minimum output power of units, the constraints caused by the balance between supply and demand, the impact of pollution, water balance, uneven production curve considering the valve-point effect and system losses. The proposed algorithm is applied on the studied system, and the obtained results indifferent operating conditions are analyzed. To investigate in various operating conditions, different load profiles in 12 h are taken into account. The obtained results are compared with those of the other methods including the genetic algorithm (GA), the Basu technique, and the improved genetic algorithm. Fast convergence is one of this improved algorithm features.

关键词： practical constraints of units     pollution function     inlet steam valve     up-ramp rate of units     improved ABC algorithm    

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Achieving air pollutant emission reduction targets with minimum abatement costs: An enterprise-level

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1459-6

摘要：

• Quantification of efficiency and fairness of abatement allocation are optimized.

关键词： Pollutant emission reduction allocation     Emission reduction measures     Total abatement cost     Economic efficiency     Abatement space    

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工程采购的代理成本

陈守科,韦灼彬

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第11期   页码 66-71

摘要：

以非对称信息博弈及委托-代理理论为理论背景，分析了工程采购代理成本的产生、组成及内涵关系，并对最优激励合同的设计、最优监督策略及其成本做了分析说明。

关键词： 工程采购     代理成本     非对称信息博弈     委托-代理理论    

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Quantitative standard of eco-compensation for the water source area in the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China

Zhanfeng DONG, Jinnan WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 459-473 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0288-9

摘要： The Middle Route Project(MRP) of the South-to-North Water Transfer Scheme (SNWT) in China will require a very large financial expenditure to ensure the water supply and the associated water quality to northern China. An eco-compensation mechanism between the water service source areas and its beneficiaries is essential. This paper establishes an analytic framework of eco-compensation standard for the protection of the water source area, including both the calculation of eco-compensation based on opportunity cost method (OCM) and calculation of the burden sharing of eco-compensation between the water source area and the external water reception area based on the deviation square method (DSM). Taking Shiyan City, Hubei Province in China as a case study, our results show that the eco-compensation in the first-phase of MRP for the water source area in Shiyan, Hubei Province should be 1.63×10 CNY, about four times of planned eco-construction investment budget(4.33×10 CNY). In addition, the burden sharing of eco-compensation varied greatly in terms of different methods. It would be better to integrate the results of different single-factor burden sharing methods by determining the corresponding weighting coefficient with DSM and form one unanimous consent result by the interested parties.

关键词： the South-to-North Water Transfer Scheme     eco-compensation standard     opportunity costs     deviation square method    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Costs and prices for renewable energy development in industrialized countries and applications to China

Hugo SALAMANCA, Miao CHANG, Xin TIAN

期刊论文

Levelized costs of the energy chains of new energy vehicles targeted at carbon neutrality in China

期刊论文

基因组测序成本将再次降低

Robert Pollie

期刊论文

Regional GIS-based evaluation of the potential and supply costs of forest biomass in Sweden

Dimitris ATHANASSIADIS, Tomas NORDFJELL

期刊论文

Optimal operation of energy at hydrothermal power plants by simultaneous minimization of pollution and costs

Homayoun EBRAHIMIAN,Bahman TAHERI,Nasser YOUSEFI

期刊论文

Achieving air pollutant emission reduction targets with minimum abatement costs: An enterprise-level

期刊论文

工程采购的代理成本

陈守科,韦灼彬

期刊论文

Quantitative standard of eco-compensation for the water source area in the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China

Zhanfeng DONG, Jinnan WANG

期刊论文