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Investigation on drilling-grinding of CFRP

Yanming QUAN, Wenwang ZHONG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第1期页码 60-63 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0008-y

摘要： It is difficult to machine polymer matrix composites reinforced by carbon fibre, and the hole-making process is the most necessary machining process for composite plate products. Conventional drills have a very short life in the drilling of this kind of composites and the quality of the hole is very poor. In this paper, the cemented or plated diamond core tools are tested to make holes in carbon fibre/epoxy composite plates. The effects of machining parameters, cooling and chip removal on the tool life, and the hole quality are investigated. Results indicate that the material removal mechanism of the two kinds of diamond tools is not like the cutting effect of the conventional solid twist drilling but similar to that of grinding. Satisfactory effects in making holes in the composites are obtained— quite acceptable machined hole quality, low costs, and long wear-resistant endurance.

关键词： composites drilling-grinding cemented/plated diamond tool life machined quality

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深水钻井隔水导管挠曲方程和固有频率的计算及其研究

姜伟

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第5期页码 66-73

摘要：

从深水钻井应用的隔水导管的使用实际情况出发，应用弹塑性力学中的位移复分原理的Ritz法，考虑了隔水导管所受到的轴向张力T和隔水导管受力产生的倾角α以及由于自重q所产生的自重横向分力qsin α和轴向分力qcos α，建立了较为合理的挠曲方程，并且由此得到隔水导管的固有振动频率的简易计算求解方法。由于该挠曲方程结合了钻具的实际情况，其挠曲方程的约束条件采用的是一端铰支、一端自由的形式，因此其研究更接近实际情况，研究旨在为深水钻井隔水导管的合理使用设计和选择，提供一种更快捷实用的方法，对深水钻井作业有一定的指导意义。

关键词：深水钻井隔水导管挠曲方程固有频率形状函数

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川东北优快钻井技术

韩来聚,马广军,赵金海

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第10期页码 44-49

摘要：

川东北地区存在陆相地层可钻性差、高陡构造井斜严重，地层岩性变化大、压力系统复杂、易塌、易漏，“高压、高产、高含硫”勘探风险大等世界级钻井技术难题，造成的钻井复杂情况多、机械钻速慢、钻井周期长。围绕“钻井提速”这一主线，以开发与应用新工艺、新工具提高南方复杂深井钻井速度为目的，从气体钻井和垂直钻井设备引进配套和研发入手，结合已有的欠平衡钻井技术、控压降密度钻井与复合钻井技术，综合应用多种钻井技术全面提高川东北复杂深井钻井速度及井身质量，通过室内实验研究、单项技术试验和综合技术集成，形成了适应川东北地区地层特

关键词：川东北优快钻井气体钻井垂直钻井控压降密度钻井钻头优选复合钻井

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我国海洋钻机设备发展路径研究

刘健

《中国工程科学》 2020年第22卷第6期页码 40-48 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2020.06.006

摘要：

我国海洋钻机设备的发展已取得一定成就，浅水海洋钻机基本实现了国内自主研制，但深水钻机设备与国外先进水平相比仍有较大差距，未能全面满足我国深水油田开发的需求。本文从浅水钻机、深水钻机和新型海洋钻机三方面分析了国内外海洋钻机设备的发展现状，总结了我国深水钻机设备技术水平发展情况、与国外先进水平的差距，研判了深水钻机设备国产化亟需突破的关键技术并提出了针对性建议。在进行国内外深水钻机关键技术对比分析的基础上，研究指出我国开展海洋钻机装备攻关应从深水钻机研制的设计、材料、工艺、检测、海上试验等方面突破。为明晰海洋钻机设备的发展路径，研究建议：建立和完善海洋钻机设备的标准规范，分类型、分阶段、分层次实施深水钻机设备的研制，建立集成测试和海上试验基地，加强行业间合作，以创新驱动多样化、系列化、自动化、智能化发展。

关键词：海洋钻机深水钻机设备研制检测海上试验

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Effects of delamination in drilling glass/polyester composite

Mehdi GANJIANI, Majid SAFARABADI, Nabi MEHRI-KHANSARI, Hossein ORUJI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 552-567 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0699-7

摘要： Considering failures during machinery processes such as drilling, a precautionary analysis involving delamination and the corresponding dissipated energy is required, especially for composite structures. In this context, because of the complexity of both the analysis procedure and experimental test setup, most studies prefer to represent mode I and III interlaminar crack propagation instead of that involving mode II. Therefore, in this study, the effect of mode delamination and corresponding interlaminar crack propagation was considered during the drilling process of multilayered glass/polyester composites using both numerical and experimental approaches. In the experimental procedure, the mechanical properties of the glass/polyester specimens were obtained according to ASTM D3039. In addition, the interlaminar mixed-mode (I/II) loadings were determined using an ARCAN test fixture so that the fracture toughness of glass/polyester could then be identified. The mode II critical strain energy release rate (CSERR) was then obtained using an experimental test performed using an ARCAN fixture and the virtual crack closure technique (VCCT). It was determined that the numerical approach was in accordance with the experiments, and more than 95% of crack propagation could be attributed to mode II compared to the two other modes.

关键词： delamination VCCT ARCAN specimen drilling mode II

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Hole quality in longitudinal–torsional coupled ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling of carbon fiber

Guofeng MA, Renke KANG, Zhigang DONG, Sen YIN, Yan BAO, Dongming GUO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第4期页码 538-546 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0598-y

摘要： Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites are extremely attractive in the manufacturing of structural and functional components in the aircraft manufacturing field due to their outstanding properties, such as good fatigue resistance, high specific stiffness/strength, and good shock absorption. However, because of their inherent anisotropy, low interlamination strength, and abrasive characteristics, CFRP composites are considered difficult-to-cut materials and are prone to generating serious hole defects, such as delamination, tearing, and burrs. The advanced longitudinal–torsional coupled ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling (LTC-UAD) method has a potential application for drilling CFRP composites. At present, LTC-UAD is mainly adopted for drilling metal materials and rarely for CFRP. Therefore, this study analyzes the kinematic characteristics and the influence of feed rate on the drilling performance of LTC-UAD. Experimental results indicate that LTC-UAD can reduce the thrust force by 39% compared to conventional drilling. Furthermore, LTC-UAD can decrease the delamination and burr factors and improve the surface quality of the hole wall. Thus, LTC-UAD is an applicable process method for drilling components made with CFRP composites.

关键词： longitudinal–torsional coupled ultrasonically drilling CFRP thrust force hole quality

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Permeability testing of drilling core sample from pavement

WANG Suda, TANG Zhengguang, NING Xiaojun, WU Peiguan, XING Pingyi

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 391-394 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0045-3

摘要： The permeability coefficient of pavement material is a very important parameter in designing the drainage of pavement structures and is also used to evaluate the quality of road construction. New equipment is used to measure the permeability coefficient of the pavement drilling core sample and relevant testing methods are introduced. Testing drilling core samples from a certain highway of Yunnan province has been proven to be feasible. The test results are also analyzed.

关键词： province material feasible permeability coefficient equipment

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石油钻井催人奋进——中国钻井60年缩影

孙振纯,汪海阁,崔龙连

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第5期页码 91-96

摘要：

在大量数据分析的基础上展示了60年钻井工作量、进尺和钻井队伍的发展历程；详细地介绍了中国钻井技术在定向井、水平井、欠平衡与气体钻井、深井钻井、钻井装备、井控、提速提效等方面取得的巨大进步；阐述了中国钻井由经验钻井发展到科学化钻井与最优化钻井的发展历程。针对我国油气勘探和开发对钻井技术的主要需求，简要论述了钻井关键技术的发展趋势。

关键词：中国钻井发展历程技术进步巨大成就发展趋势

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Wear mechanism of disc-brake block material for new type of drilling rig

WANG Xinhua, WANG Simin, ZHANG Siwei, WANG Deguo

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第1期页码 10-16 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0009-2

摘要： To improve friction and wear performance and service life of the disc-brake pair material of a drilling rig, a new type of asbestos-free frictional material with better performance for disc-brake blocks is developed, and its wear mechanism is investigated by friction and wear experiments. Topography and elementary components of the brake block’s wear surface are analyzed by employing SEM and EDAX patterns, revealing its tribological behaviour and wear mechanism. When the frictional temperature is lower, the surface film of the brake block is thinner, dense, smooth with plasticity, and divided into the mixture area, Fe-abundant area, carbon-abundant area and spalling area. The mixture area consists of various constituents of frictional pairs without ploughing and rolling trace. The Fe-abundant area mainly consists of iron and other constituents. The carbon-abundant area is the zone where graphite and organic fibre are comparatively gathered, while the spalling area is the zone where the surface film is spalled and its surface is rough and uneven, with a loose and denuded state. During the period of high frictional temperature, the frictional surface is also divided into the mixture area, Fe-abundant area and spalling area. In this case, the mixture area consists of abrasive dust from friction pairs, and the surface film is distributed with crumby hard granules, exiguous oxide, carbide granules and sheared slender fibre. The Fe-abundant area is mostly an oxide layer of iron with a flaky distribution. Fracture and spalling traces as well as an overlapping structure of multilayer surface films can be easily found on the surface film. The components of the spalling area are basically the same as that of the matrix. At the beginning of wear, the hard peaks from the friction surface of the disc-brake plough on the surface of the brake block. With increasing frictional temperature, the friction surface begins to soften and expand, and oxidized wear occurs at the same time. During the high-temperature wear period, severely influenced by friction heat, obvious softening and plastic flow can be found on the friction surface of the brake block, its anti-shearing ability is weakened, and adhesive wear is intensified. Thermal decomposition of cohesive material in the brake block is simultaneously strengthened, so that constituents shed due to loss of adhesion. Organic fibre is in a flowing state and obviously generates drawing, shearing, carbonization and oxidization. In addition, thermal cracking, thermal oxidization, carbonization and cyclization of organic substances on the surface of brake block can make the friction surface produce pores or cracks, thus fatigue wear occurs.

关键词： asbestos-free frictional Fracture cyclization friction disc-brake

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Construction technology on pile foundation of No. 6 main pier in Dashengguan Yangtze Bridge

Hongbin YU , Zeping LIAN ,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 339-343 doi: 10.1007/s11709-009-0047-9

摘要： Based on pile foundation construction of No. 6 main pier, deep mudstone geological foundation and deep-water construction in Nanjing-Dashengguan Yangtze Bridge, the method of super-large-diameter bored pile in deep water is studied. The spread drill, application of PHP mud, and choice of machine are solved by adopting two machines of KTY4000 and KPG300A. Besides, the airlift reversing circulation is selected in slag discharge. The results show that this method can ensure successfully the construction of pier foundation to satisfy the demands of codes.

关键词： PHP slurry KTY4000 drilling machine KPG3000A drilling machine spread drill

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渤海海峡隧道竖井钻爆法施工风险分析及对策研究

张文新,邹翀

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第12期页码 101-106

摘要：

针对拟建的渤海海峡隧道竖井施工进行风险分析，确定了施工期间的风险并结合风险权重分析排序，依次为支护结构失效风险最小、自然灾害风险较大、竖井开挖风险最大，并通过风险评估确定了突水、突泥风险为关键风险。综合考虑关键风险与其他风险对竖井施工的影响，从地质预报、竖井吊装设备的选择与吊装过程控制、竖井开挖风险控制、自然灾害风险的预防、竖井支护结构的质量控制以及建立竖井施工作业安全制度等方面提出了对渤海海峡隧道竖井施工风险的应对措施，为后续施工提供参考。

关键词：海峡隧道竖井施工钻爆法风险分析应对措施

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智能钻完井技术研究综述 Review

李根生, 宋先知, 田守嶒, 祝兆鹏

《工程（英文）》 2022年第18卷第11期页码 33-48 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.014

摘要：

石油与天然气工程智能化已成为行业发展的必然趋势，其中智能钻完井技术可以大幅提高钻井效率和钻遇率，降低施工成本，被视为油气领域的一项变革性技术和前沿热点。机理-数据融合的智能建模、数字孪生等人工智能方法及其在油气钻完井工程领域的应用已取得广泛关注和关键进展，但是智能钻完井技术研究仍然处于初级阶段。在人工智能、大数据等前沿技术与油气钻完井工程深度融合的过程中，智能钻完井场景体系、多源多尺度数据治理、机理-数据混合驱动、模型可解释性、模型迁移性和不确定性建模等面临诸多挑战。为此，本文系统提出了钻完井人工智能应用场景体系，全面阐述了各场景下的智能技术及研究进展，深入探讨了智能钻完井技术未来发展的重点方向，为人工智能技术落地油气钻完井工程提供参考。

关键词：智能钻完井人工智能智能应用场景文献综述系统讨论

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旋挖钻机施工钻孔灌注桩的工艺研究

李林,闵峰

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第4期页码 33-36

摘要：

泰州大桥夹江左汊桥主跨采用87.5 m+3×125 m+87.5 m的五跨连续梁桥，水中主墩基础采用-2.0 m桩径的钻孔灌注桩,最大设计桩长为94 m，采用旋挖钻机施工。文章结合泰州大桥的施工实例，阐述了旋挖钻机成孔的工艺原理，按照工艺流程，重点叙述了泥浆配置、安装钻孔、钻机钻进等工艺，并重点总结了旋挖钻机施工钻孔桩的施工特点，为今后类似工程施工提供了借鉴。

关键词：旋挖钻机施工钻孔灌注桩工艺特点

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Experimental investigation of multiphase flow behavior in drilling annuli using high speed visualization

Alap Ali ZAHID, Syed Raza ur REHMAN, Anwarul HASAN, S. RUSHD, Mohammad Azizur RAHMAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第3期页码 635-643 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0582-y

摘要： Imaging with high definition video camera is an important technique to visualize the drilling conditions and to study the physics of complex multiphase flow associated with the hole cleaning process. The main advantage of visualizing multiphase flow in a drilling annulus is that the viewer can easily distinguish fluid phases, flow patterns and thicknesses of cutting beds. In this paper the hole cleaning process which involves the transportation of cuttings through a horizontal annulus was studied. The two-phase (solid-liquid) and the three-phase (solid-liquid-gas) flow conditions involved in this kind of annular transportation were experimentally simulated and images were taken using a high definition camera. Analyzing the captured images, a number of important parameters like velocities of different phases, heights of solid beds and sizes of gas bubbles were determined. Two different techniques based on an image analysis software and MATLAB coding were used for the determinations. The results were compared to validate the image analyzing methodology. The visualization technique developed in this paper has a direct application in investigating the critical conditions required for efficient hole cleaning as well as in optimizing the mud program during both planning and operational phases of drilling. Particularly, it would be useful in predicting the cuttings transport performance, estimating solid bed height, gas bubble size, and mean velocities of bubbles/particles.

关键词： visualization horizontal annulus hole cleaning multiphase flow image analysis flow regime

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利用改性纳米二氧化硅在页岩表面构建层次结构疏水表面强化钻井工程中的井壁稳定性 Article

黄贤斌, 孙金声, 李贺, 王韧, 吕开河, 李海潮

《工程（英文）》 2022年第11卷第4期页码 101-110 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.021

摘要：

井壁稳定性对于油气勘探开发过程中的安全高效钻井至关重要。本文介绍了一种可以在水基钻井液钻井过程中强化井壁稳定性的疏水型纳米二氧化硅（HNS），采用线性膨胀实验、滚动回收率实验和抗压强度测试研究了其井壁强化性能，利用zeta 电位、粒径、接触角、表面张力等测试和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察分析了井壁强化机理。此外，利用接触角法计算了HNS处理前后页岩表面自由能的变化。实验结果表明，HNS在抑制页岩膨胀和分散方面表现出良好的性能，优于常用的页岩抑制剂KCl和聚胺。与水相比，HNS可使膨润土试样的线性膨胀高度降低20%，对强水化页岩的回收率提高11.53 倍。更重要的是，HNS可有效防止页岩强度的降低。机理研究表明，HNS良好的井壁强化性能可归因于三个方面：首先，带正电荷的HNS通过静电吸附中和部分黏土表面的负电荷，从而抑制渗透水化作用；其次，HNS在页岩表面吸附后可形成具有微纳米层次结构的“荷叶状”表面，显著增加页岩表面的水相接触角，大幅度降低了页岩表面自由能，从而抑制表面水化；再次，毛细作用的减弱和页岩孔隙的有效封堵减少了水的侵入，对井壁稳定有利。本文所述的方法对于抑制页岩的表面水化和渗透水化提供了一种新途径。

关键词：疏水纳米颗粒页岩抑制剂钻井液井壁稳定