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Efficiency of scalar and vector intensity measures for seismic slope displacements

Gang WANG

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2012年 第6卷 第1期   页码 44-52 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0138-x

摘要: Ground motion intensity measures are usually used to predict the earthquake-induced displacements in earth dams, soil slopes and soil structures. In this study, the efficiency of various single ground motion intensity measures (scalar ) or a combination of them (vector ) are investigated using the PEER-NGA strong motion database and an equivalent-linear sliding-mass model. Although no single intensity measure is efficient enough for all slope conditions, the spectral acceleration at 1.5 times of the initial slope period and Arias intensity of the input motion are found to be the most efficient scalar for flexible slopes and stiff slopes respectively. Vector can incorporate different characteristics of the ground motion and thus significantly improve the efficiency over a wide range of slope conditions. Among various vector considered, the spectral accelerations at multiple spectral periods achieve high efficiency for a wide range of slope conditions. This study provides useful guidance to the development of more efficient empirical prediction models as well as the ground motion selection criteria for time domain analysis of seismic slope displacements.

关键词: seismic slope displacements     intensity measures     empirical prediction    

Optimization design of anti-seismic engineering measures for intake tower based on non-dominated sorting

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》   页码 1428-1441 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0998-2

摘要: High-rise intake towers in high-intensity seismic areas are prone to structural safety problems under vibration. Therefore, effective and low-cost anti-seismic engineering measures must be designed for protection. An intake tower in northwest China was considered the research object, and its natural vibration characteristics and dynamic response were first analyzed using the mode decomposition response spectrum method based on a three-dimensional finite element model. The non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) was adopted to optimize the anti-seismic scheme combination by comprehensively considering the dynamic tower response and variable project cost. Finally, the rationality of the original intake tower antiseismic design scheme was evaluated according to the obtained optimal solution set, and recommendations for improvement were proposed. The method adopted in this study may provide significant references for designing anti-seismic measures for high-rise structures such as intake towers located in high-intensity earthquake areas.

关键词: intake tower     NSGA-II     mode decomposition response spectrum method     anti-seismic engineering measures     optimization design     variable project cost    

Unnormalized and normalized forms of gefura measures in directed and undirected networks

Raf GUNS,Ronald ROUSSEAU

《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第16卷 第4期   页码 311-320 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400425

摘要: In some networks nodes belong to predefined groups (e.g., authors belong to institutions). Common network centrality measures do not take this structure into account. Gefura measures are designed as indicators of a node’s brokerage role between such groups. They are defined as variants of betweenness centrality and consider to what extent a node belongs to shortest paths between nodes from different groups. In this article we make the following new contributions to their study: (1) We systematically study unnormalized gefura measures and show that, next to the ‘structural’ normalization that has hitherto been applied, a ‘basic’ normalization procedure is possible. While the former normalizes at the level of groups, the latter normalizes at the level of nodes. (2) Treating undirected networks as equivalent to symmetric directed networks, we expand the definition of gefura measures to the directed case. (3) It is shown how Brandes’ algorithm for betweenness centrality can be adjusted to cover these cases.

关键词: Networks subdivided in groups     Partitions     Gefura measures     Q-measures     Brokerage role     Directed and undirected networks     Brandes’     algorithm    

Improvement to observability measures of LFO modes in power systems with DFIGs

Shenghu LI

《能源前沿(英文)》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 539-549 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0617-z

摘要: Observation of the low-frequency oscillation (LFO) modes in power systems is important to design the damping scheme. The state equations of the power system with the doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) are derived to find the LFO modes related to the synchronous generator (SGs) and the DFIGs. The definition of the observability measure is improved to consider the initial output and the attenuation speed of the modes. The sensitivities of the observability measures to the control parameters are derived. The numerical results from the small and large-disturbance validate the LFO modes caused by the DFIGs, and different observability measures are compared. Adjustment of the control parameters is chosen based on the sensitivity model to improve the observability and damping ratio of the LFO mode, and the stability of the wind power system.

关键词: wind power system     low-frequency oscillation (LFO)     observability measure     sensitivity     doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)    

New Challenges, New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

Yu-pu Wang,He Liu

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第4期   页码 301-313 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016055

摘要: First-mover advantage and solid foundation of oil and gas cooperation is very important to the Belt and Road Initiative. Deeply studied opportunities and challenges of oil and gas cooperation have far-reaching significance to the cooperation in other industries in the Belt and Road. In this article, based on the systematic analysis of the oil and gas supply security, investment environment, regional win-win situation in oil and gas cooperation, new opportunities and challenges about upstream, pipeline, refining, trade, warehousing, engineering technology and equipment are studied. Enhancing capacities in four areas and implementing the 16 measures are given for deepening oil and gas cooperation in the future. Meanwhile, this article also gives suggestions and cooperation directions for countries and companies.

关键词: the Belt and Road     oil & gas cooperation     new challenges     new opportunities     new measures    

Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relics

Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2014年 第1卷 第4期   页码 330-335 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014055

摘要: The subject is implementing and innovating environmental protection measures, and promoting green protection of cultural relics in the Three Gorges area. This thesis states its significance and effect in the beginning, and then summarizes seven pieces of main practice, includes five pieces of main effect. In the end, this thesis produces some relevant conclusions and suggestions about the subject.

关键词: environmental science     the Three Gorges cultural relics     innovate environmental protection measures     green protection    

The Development Situation, Future and Counter Measures of Remanufacturing Industry in China

Wen-qiang Liu,Jun-yuan Mo,Cheng-kui Gu

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2016年 第3卷 第2期   页码 123-131 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016021

摘要: Currently, resource supply and demand contradiction, and over-loaded environment capacity have become a bottleneck for sustainable economic development in China. Electro-mechanical products are approaching a peak of obsolescence, and massive abandoned electro-mechanical products are causing severe environmental pollution, huge waste of resources and potential safety hazard. Remanufacturing is repairing or modifying worn mechanical products using high-tech method, which buffers the contradiction between wasting and shortage of resources, and brings industry towards a comprehensive utilization of resource and environmental protection. As a new strategic industry, remanufacturing, which is highly coherent with the development strategy of the circular economy, is still in its infancy in China. This paper analyzes the developmental trends and problems of the remanufacturing industry in China, and proposes promoting measures based on the engineering practices of remanufacturing.

关键词: remanufacturing     industry     measures     development    

Situation and measures of China’s CO

Jiankun HE

《能源前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 353-361 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0564-0

摘要:

Global response to climate change has entered the phase of full implementation of the Paris Agreement. To control the global temperature rise below 2°C, all countries must make more efforts to reduce emission. China has combined its goal of emission reduction for combating climate change with its domestic sustainable development strategy to promote energy revolution and the transition of economic development to low-carbon patterns. Through reinforcing the commitment and action before 2020, the CO2 intensity of GDP can decrease by more than 50% by 2020 compared with that of 2005, and the external commitment target of a 40%–45% decrease can be over fulfilled. Currently, under the new economic normal, China further strengthens the policy measure, vigorously saves energy, enhances energy use efficiency and the economic output benefit, and simultaneously develops new and renewable energy and accelerates energy structural decarbonization, so that the annual decrease rate of the CO2 intensity of GDP keeps a high level of more than 4% and remains increasing. Thus, the decrease rate of the CO2 intensity of GDP will exceed the GDP growth rate, and then CO2 emission will peak around 2030. This will promote the fundamental turning of economic development mode, and lay a foundation for the establishment of a sustainable energy system with near-zero emissions and with new and renewable energy as the main body in the second half of this century. China implements the concept of green low-carbon development and accelerates the low carbon transition of energy and economy to achieve win-win results in economic growth and CO2 emission mitigation, and these policies and actions will also provide experiences for many other developing countries. On the other hand, China will continue to play a positive and constructive leading role in the implementation of the Paris Agreement internationally, and promote the construction of new mechanisms of win-win cooperation, fairness and justice and common development for global climate governance. Moreover, China will make an effort to build a community of common destiny for mankind, promote pragmatic cooperation among countries, especially among developing countries, and take combating climate change as a new development opportunity for jointly moving toward climate-friendly low-carbon economic development path.

关键词: climate change     the Paris Agreement     energy revolution     NDC (national determined contribution) goals    

Influence of advanced engineering measures on displacement and stress field of surrounding rock in tunnels

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0966-x

摘要: Based on significant improvements in engineering materials, three advanced engineering measures have been proposed—super anchor cables, high-strength concrete anti-fault caverns, and grouting modification using high-strength concrete-to resist fault dislocation in the surrounding rock near tunnels crossing active strike-slip faults. Moreover, single- or multiple-joint advanced engineering measures form the local rock mass-anti-fault (LRAF) method. A numerical method was used to investigate the influence of LRAF methods on the stress and displacement fields of the surrounding rock, and the anti-fault effect was evaluated. Finally, the mechanism of action of the anchor cable was verified using a three-dimensional numerical model. The numerical results indicated that the anchor cable and grouting modification reduced the displacement gradient of the local surrounding rock near the tunnels crossing fault. Furthermore, anchor cable and grouting modifications changed the stress field of the rock mass in the modified area. The tensile stress field of the rock mass in the modified anchor cable area was converted into a compressive stress field. The stress field in the modified grouting area changed from shear stress in the fault slip direction to tensile stress in the axial tunnel direction. The anti-fault cavern resisted the dislocation displacement and reduced the maximum dislocation magnitude, displacement gradient, and shear stress. Among the three advanced engineering measures, the anchor cable was the core of the three advanced engineering measures. An anchor cable, combined with other LRAF measures, can form an artificial safety island at the cross-fault position of the rock mass to protect the tunnel. The research results provide a new supporting idea for the surrounding rock of tunnels crossing active strike-slip faults.

关键词: anti-fault effect     engineering measures     LRAF method     stress and displacement field     tunnel-crossing active faults    

Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS): A review on measures and optimization methods of system resilience

《工程管理前沿(英文)》 2021年 第8卷 第4期   页码 503-518 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0163-3

摘要: The Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS) is one of the most critical infrastructure systems in a country because a stable and secure power supply is a key foundation for national and social development. In recent years, resilience has become a major topic in preventing and mitigating the risks caused by large-scale blackouts of CPPSs. Accordingly, the concept and significance of CPPS resilience are at first explained from the engineering perspective in this study. Then, a review of representative quantitative assessment measures of CPPS resilience applied in the existing literature is provided. On the basis of these assessment measures, the optimization methods of CPPS resilience are reviewed from three perspectives, which are mainly focused on the current research, namely, optimizing the recovery sequence of components, identifying and protecting critical nodes, and enhancing the coupling patterns between physical and cyber networks. The recent advances in modeling methods for cascading failures within the CPPS, which is the theoretical foundation for the resilience assessment and optimization research of CPPSs, are also presented. Lastly, the challenges and future research directions for resilience optimizing of CPPSs are discussed.

关键词: Cyber–Physical Power System     resilience assessment     resilience optimization     cascading failure modeling    

中国铁路“走出去”风险管控研究

陈春阳,宇德明

《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第5期   页码 62-67 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.05.011

摘要:

以中国铁路“走出去”面临的风险为研究对象,采用文献研究、调查研究和案例研究相结合的方法,建立了中国铁路“走出去”风险分解结构。以境外建设-经营-转让项目前期工作阶段为例,识别中国铁路“走出去”面临的具体风险,确定关键风险,分析其防控对策,并对中国铁路“走出去”风险管控的其他共性对策进行分析,以期为中国铁路“走出去”风险管控提供借鉴。

关键词: 中国铁路“走出去”风险     风险分解结构     境外BOT 项目前期工作阶段     风险管控    

Estimation of relations among hysteretic response measures and design parameters for RC rectangular shear

A. ARAB, Ma. R. BANAN, Mo. R. BANAN, S. FARHADI

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 3-15 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0418-6

摘要: Seismic design of RC structures requires estimation of structural member behavioral measures as functions of design parameters. In this study, the relations among cyclic behavioral measures and design parameters have been investigated for rectangular RC shear walls using numerical simulations calibrated based on the published laboratory tests. The OpenSEES numerical simulations modeling of plastic hinge hysteretic behavior of RC shear walls and estimation of empirical relations among wall hysteretic indices and design parameters are presented. The principal design parameters considered were wall dimensions, axial force, reinforcement ratios, and end-element design parameters. The estimated hysteretic response measures are wall effective stiffness, yield and ultimate curvatures, plastic moment capacity, yield and ultimate displacements, flexural shear capacity, and dissipated energy. Using results of numerous analyses, the empirical relations among wall cyclic behavioral measures and design parameters are developed and their accuracy is investigated.

关键词: RC wall hysteretic measures     RC wall design parameters     empirical relations     numerical simulations     RC rectangular wall plastic hinge    

Dynamic design of green stormwater infrastructure

Robert G. Traver, Ali Ebrahimian

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0973-z

摘要: This paper compares ongoing research results on hydrologic performance to common design and crediting criteria, and recommends a change in direction from a static to a dynamic perspective to fully credit the performance of green infrastructure. Examples used in this article are primarily stormwater control measures built for research on the campus of Villanova University [ , ]. Evidence is presented demonstrating that the common practice of crediting water volume based on soil and surface storage underestimates the performance potential, and suggests that the profession move to a more dynamic approach that incorporates exfiltration and evapotransporation. The framework for a dynamic approach is discussed, with a view to broaden our design focus by including climate, configuration and the soil surroundings. The substance of this work was presented as a keynote speech at the 2016 international Low Impact Development Conference in Beijing China [ ].

关键词: Low Impact Development (LID)     Stormwater control measures     Green infrastructure     Stormwater design    

包装型乳化炸药生产线重大危险源分析及预防措施

吴晓梦

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第11期   页码 82-85

摘要:

乳化炸药具有良好的抗水性能、储存性能和爆轰性能,且制造工艺简单、成本低廉,已在全世界得到了广泛的推广应用。本文介绍了我国乳化炸药发展现状及生产工艺特点,结合当前国内外包装型乳化炸药的工艺技术特点,分析了乳化炸药生产线重大危险源,提出了确保乳化炸药生产本质安全的应对措施。

关键词: 乳化炸药     危险源     预防措施    

Technical measures to achieve a cleaner production mode for recycled paper mills

Chao HE, Zhaolin GU, Shucheng YANG, Jidong LIANG, Weina DAI, Yanling HE

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2010年 第4卷 第4期   页码 466-474 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0242-x

摘要: China’s paper production reached 79.8 ×10 t in 2008 and ranked number one in the world. Because of its high consumption of water, energy and materials and its serious pollution, the present processes are not likely to be sustainable. An alternative, the closed Water Loop-Papermaking Integration (WLPI) method, is put forward in this paper. The WLPI method can be realized in a recycled paper mill by adding technologies and using recycled water. Many industrial case studies have shown that a large quantity of water, energy and materials can be saved, and the quantity of waste sludge and wastewater discharge was minimized by using the WLPI method. The design of the water reuse system, control of calcium hardness, water recycling and minimal waste sludge are discussed. Anaerobic technology plays an important role in the WLPI method to lower cost, energy use and waste. In the brown paper and coated white board production, zero-effluent discharge can be realized. Fresh water consumption is only 1–2 m ·t . For the paper mills with deinking and bleaching processes, about 10 m ·t of fresh water and a similar amount of effluent discharge are needed. Power saving using anaerobic technology is 70% when recycled water is used in comparison with the conventional activated sludge process. Waste sludge can be decreased to about 5% of the initial process due to reuse of the waste sludge and the lower bio-sludge production of the anaerobic process.

关键词: water reuse     zero discharge     anaerobic treatment     recycled paper     cleaner production    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Efficiency of scalar and vector intensity measures for seismic slope displacements

Gang WANG

期刊论文

Optimization design of anti-seismic engineering measures for intake tower based on non-dominated sorting

期刊论文

Unnormalized and normalized forms of gefura measures in directed and undirected networks

Raf GUNS,Ronald ROUSSEAU

期刊论文

Improvement to observability measures of LFO modes in power systems with DFIGs

Shenghu LI

期刊论文

New Challenges, New Opportunities and New Measures for Oil and Gas Cooperation in the Belt and Road

Yu-pu Wang,He Liu

期刊论文

Implement and Innovate Environmental Protection Measures, Promote Green Protection of Cultural Relics

Fu-qing Liang,Yong-ping Sun

期刊论文

The Development Situation, Future and Counter Measures of Remanufacturing Industry in China

Wen-qiang Liu,Jun-yuan Mo,Cheng-kui Gu

期刊论文

Situation and measures of China’s CO

Jiankun HE

期刊论文

Influence of advanced engineering measures on displacement and stress field of surrounding rock in tunnels

期刊论文

Cyber–Physical Power System (CPPS): A review on measures and optimization methods of system resilience

期刊论文

中国铁路“走出去”风险管控研究

陈春阳,宇德明

期刊论文

Estimation of relations among hysteretic response measures and design parameters for RC rectangular shear

A. ARAB, Ma. R. BANAN, Mo. R. BANAN, S. FARHADI

期刊论文

Dynamic design of green stormwater infrastructure

Robert G. Traver, Ali Ebrahimian

期刊论文

包装型乳化炸药生产线重大危险源分析及预防措施

吴晓梦

期刊论文

Technical measures to achieve a cleaner production mode for recycled paper mills

Chao HE, Zhaolin GU, Shucheng YANG, Jidong LIANG, Weina DAI, Yanling HE

期刊论文