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农业微生物；产业发展；微生物肥料；饲用微生物；微生物农药；酶制剂微生物；微生物种业 1

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农药残留 1

化肥 1

水果蔬菜 1

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Effect of UAV prewetting application during the flowering period of cotton on pesticide droplet deposition

Weixiang YAO, Xianju WANG, Yubin LAN, Ji JIN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第4期   页码 455-461 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018232

摘要：

Prewetting process can reduce the contact angle between the droplet and the leaf blade, so that the droplet can more easily wet and spread, thereby increasing the quantity of deposition. To improve the effectiveness of pesticides on cotton leaves, prewetting by single-rotor electric unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) was studied, focusing on the effects of pesticide deposition on cotton leaves during the flowering period. Cotton leaves in 0°–30°, 30°–60°, 60°–90° leaf blade angle ranges (angle between the leaf blade and the horizontal plane) were examined. In the first experiment, four different prewetting volumes (0, 1.6, 3.2 and 4.8 L) were sprayed by a single-rotor electric UAV on four cotton plots (plots A to D) each with an area of 120 m , and then each area was sprayed with a 0.8% (w/v) ponceau 2R solution by another single-rotor electric UAV. The results revealed that with no prewetting, droplet deposition quantity decreased with increasing leaf blade inclination. After prewetting, the mean droplet deposition quantity on plots B, C and D increased by 39.8%, 9.7% and 24.9%, respectively. The prewetting rate of 1.6 L per 120 m had the most significant effect on improving the deposition of droplets. It was also found that the mean droplet deposition quantity in each leaf blade angle range increased after prewetting. For the leaf blade angle range 60° to 90°, this increase was the most pronounced, with 0.043, 0.062, 0.057 and 0.048 L·cm in plots A–D, respectively. Also, droplet deposition uniformity in the leaf blade angle range 60°–90° was better after prewetting. These results should provide a valuable reference for future research and practice to improve the effectiveness of pesticides applied to cotton by aerial applications.

关键词： aerial spray     cotton     deposition     flowering period     leaf angle     prewetting     UAV    

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HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PESTICIDE DISCOVERY: STATUS AND OUTLOOK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第1期   页码 150-154 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021419

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Quantification of pesticide residues on plastic mulching films in typical farmlands of the North China

Baoyuan Guo, Jiao Meng, Xinyu Wang, Chengnan Yin, Weiyu Hao, Baiwen Ma, Zhang Tao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1181-9

摘要： Pesticide residuals on mulching film of Shandong, Tianjin and Hebei. Detected 29 pesticides in soil and 30 in mulching film. Pesticides on plastic films: 86.4‒22213.2 ng/g and in soil: 9.3‒535.3 ng/g. Pesticides on plastic films 20 times higher than in soil. Plastic debris as new pollutants attracts much attention in the recent years. The plastic mulching films is one of the most important plastic debirs source in the environment. The aim of this work was to investigate the current status of pesticide residues on the plastic mulching films. Based on the QuEChERS method, multi-residue methods for detection of pesticide residues with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrum (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrum (HPLC-MS) were developed for the analysis of the pesticides residues in plastic film and soil samples from Tianjin, Hebei and Shandong. The total concentrations of pesticide residues were in the range of 86.4‒22213.2 ng/g in plastic film debris, which was about 20 times higher than that in soil (9.3‒535.3 ng/g). Residual level of pesticides varied greatly in different samples. The historical usage and recent application of pesticides were the main sources for pesticide residues on plastic films and soil. In short, plastic mulching films could act as a sink for pesticides in farmland and the ubiquitous pesticide residues on plastic films should draw more attention.

关键词： Pesticides     Plastic mulching film     Soil     QuEChERS     Farmland    

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绿色表面活性剂在农药加工中的应用

高楠,张春华,张宗俭

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第4期   页码 36-38

摘要：

对绿色表面活性剂在农药加工中的应用进行了简要介绍，对应用脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚（AEO）、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸盐（AES）、α-烯基磺酸盐（AOS）、烷基糖苷（APG）的农药制剂进行了开发，并与传统表面活性剂进行比较，提出此类表面活性剂在农药加工中的应用对于环境保护具有重要意义。

关键词： 绿色表面活性剂     农药加工     环境保护    

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Safety evaluation of microbial pesticide (HaNPV) based on PCR method

Miao Zhao, Shufei Li, Qinghong Zhou, Dianming Zhou, Ning He, Zhiyong Qian

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 377-384 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1777-9

摘要： Microbial pesticides can prevent and control diseases and pests of crops, and has become one of the important measures to ensure food and environmental safety. However, the potential harm of microbial pesticides to humans and animals is a serious concern at home and abroad. In this paper, we have investigated the infectivity and pathogenicity of a representative of viral microbial pesticides, helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus (HaNPV), by specific and highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction technology. The results show that HaNPV can be gradually cleared in a short time after getting into blood of experimental rats, and does not infect other tissues or organs of animals; also indicate that the test subjects are not infectious to experimental rats after intravenous injection of HaNPV. Our method has good specificity and repeatability, and could provide an important reference for establishment of infectivity and pathogenicity detection methods for viral microbial pesticides in future.

关键词： microbial pesticides     HaNPV     acute intravenous injection     infectivity     pathogenicity    

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Pesticide wastewater treatment using the combination of the microbial electrolysis desalination and chemical-production

Songwei Lin, Yaobin Lu, Bo Ye, Cuiping Zeng, Guangli Liu, Jieling Li, Haiping Luo, Renduo Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1191-7

摘要： MEDCC combined with Fenton process was developed to treat real pesticide wastewater. Pesticide removal was attributable to desalination in the MEDCC. High COD removal was attributable to organic distributions in different chambers. The combination of the microbial electrolysis desalination and chemical-production cell (MEDCC) and Fenton process for the pesticide wastewater treatment was investigate in this study. Real wastewater with several toxic pesticides, 1633 mg/L COD, and 200 in chromaticity was used for the investigation. Results showed that desalination in the desalination chamber of MEDCC reached 78%. Organics with low molecular weights in the desalination chamber could be removed from the desalination chamber, resulting in 28% and 23% of the total COD in the acid-production and cathode chambers, respectively. The desalination in the desalination chamber and organic transfer contributed to removal of pesticides (e.g., triadimefon), which could not be removed with other methods, and of the organics with low molecular weights. The COD in the effluent of the MEDCC combined the Fenton process was much lower than that in the perixo-coagulaiton process (<150 vs. 555 mg/L). The combined method consumed much less energy and acid for the pH adjustment than that the Fenton.

关键词： Pesticide wastewater     COD removal     Microbial electrolysis desalination and chemical-production cell     Energy consumption     Fenton oxidation    

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Pesticides in stormwater runoff−A mini review

Cheng Chen, Wenshan Guo, Huu Hao Ngo

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1150-3

摘要： • The sources and pathways of pesticides into stormwater runoff were diverse. • Factors affecting pesticides in stormwater runoff were critically reviewed. • Pesticides mitigation strategies were included in this review. • The current knowledge gap of the pesticides in stormwater runoff was identified. Recently, scientific interest has grown in harvesting and treating stormwater for potable water use, in order to combat the serious global water scarcity issue. In this context, pesticides have been identified as the key knowledge gap as far as reusing stormwater is concerned. This paper reviewed the presence of pesticides in stormwater runoff in both rural and urban areas. Specifically, the sources of pesticide contamination and possible pathways were investigated in this review. Influential factors affecting pesticides in stormwater runoff were critically identified as: 1) characteristics of precipitation, 2) properties of pesticide, 3) patterns of pesticides use, and 4) properties of application surface. The available pesticide mitigation strategies including best management practice (BMP), low impact development (LID), green infrastructure (GI) and sponge city (SC) were also included in this paper. In the future, large-scale multi-catchment studies that directly evaluate pesticide concentrations in both urban and rural stormwater runoff will be of great importance for the development of effective pesticides treatment approaches and stormwater harvesting strategies.

关键词： Pesticide     Stormwater runoff     Occurrence     Urban runoff    

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substances in industrial construction and demolition wastes and their multi-path risk within an abandoned pesticide

Sheng Huang, Xin Zhao, Yanqiu Sun, Jianli Ma, Xiaofeng Gao, Tian Xie, Dongsheng Xu, Yi Yu, Youcai Zhao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0901-2

摘要： Pollution pattern of metals and organic pesticide in demolition waste is studied. Organophosphorus pesticide can be everlasting on surface of demolition waste. Leaching potential of pollutants from simulated and onsite waste varies spatially. Direct oral and dermal ingestion, leaching potential into water exceed the limit. Implications for demolition waste management in industrial plants are proposed. Exploration of heavy metals and organic pollutants, their leaching capacity along with health and environmental risks in contaminated industrial construction and demolition waste (ICDW) within a pesticide manufacturing plant were investigated. A maximum content of 90.8 mg·kg Cd was found present in the wastes, which might originate from phosphorus rocks and industrial sulfuric acid used in pesticide production processes. An average concentration of 979.8 mg·kg dichlorovos and other 11 organophosphorus pesticide were also detected. Relatively high leaching rates of around 4.14‰ were obtained from laboratory simulated ICDW using both glacial acetic acid- sodium hydroxide and deionized water. Pesticide pollutants had the strongest tendency to retaining on dry bricks (leaching rate 1.68‰) compared to mortar-coatings, etc. due to their different physical characteristics and octanol-water partioning coefficient. Mobility of pesticide from on-site ICDW by water was spatially correlated to waste types, process sections and human activities, with a flux of leaching rate between 5.9‰ to 27.4%. Risk-based corrective action (RBCA) model was used to simulate the risk of contaminated ICDW debris randomly scattered. Oral and dermal ingestion amount by local workers was 9.8 × 10 and 1.9 × 10 mg·(kg·d) , respectively. Potential leaching risk to aquatic systems exceeded the limit for nearly 75% waste. Environmental and health risk exceedance was found in most ICDW, while the risk value of the most severely contaminated brick waste was 660 times beyond critical level. Implications for waste management involving construction and deconstruction work, waste transferring and regulation supplying were also provided.

关键词： Industrial demolition wastes     Heavy metals     Pesticides     Leaching characteristics     Risk assessment     Waste management    

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GC/LC-Q-TOFMS 两种技术联用同时筛查水果蔬菜中733 种农药残留 Article

庞国芳, 常巧英, 白若镔, 范春林, 张紫娟, 闫宏远, 吴兴强​​​​​

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第4期   页码 432-441 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.08.008

摘要：

本文通过创建LC-Q-TOFMS（525种农药）和GC-Q-TOFMS（485种农药和209种PCBs）两大精确质谱数数据库，开发了一次样品制备、两种高分辨质谱联用同时检测733种农药化学污染物残留的检测方法。通过8种代表性水果蔬菜对联用技术的筛查农药范围、灵敏度、回收率和重现性等方法效能评价，显示出这项联用技术有三方面优势：①两种技术联用与单种技术相比，其发现能力分别提高了51.1%（GC-Q-TOFMS，485种）和39.6%（LC-Q-TOFMS，525种）；②联用技术能够满足78%的农药筛查限（SDL）低于10 μg·kg–1，满足国际“一律标准”的筛查要求，部分农药可根据技术优选最佳SDL，进一步提高方法的灵敏度；③联用技术在8种基质中符合回收率60%~120%且RSD＜20%的农药数量远高于单一技术，方法的精确性明显提高。2012—2017年两种技术联用对中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）和14个果蔬产区1384个采样点18类134种果蔬38 138例样品，进行疑似农药的筛查，两种技术联用合计检出农药533种，检出频次115 891频次，初步查清了中国市售果蔬农药残留的规律性特征。

关键词： 农药残留     GC-Q-TOFMS     LC-Q-TOFMS     精确质量数据库     谱图库     水果蔬菜    

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建设农业生态工程 治理与控制湖泊面源污染

卞有生

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第5期   页码 17-21

摘要：

文章从生态学角度对湖泊面源污染进行了深入分析，指出湖泊面源污染的实质是资源利用问题，并由此提出在湖区及湖泊水源区开展农业生态工程建设，降低资源消耗，减少污染物产生，达到控制和治理湖泊面源污染之目的。介绍了农业生态工程建设的一般程序、主要建设研究内容。最后列举北京市大兴县留民营村农业生态工程建设和胜利油田大型生态农场建设两个典型案例，具体介绍农业生态工程建设对发展经济、改善环境、减少化肥及农药用量、消除土壤污染、治理与控制面源污染的重要作用。

关键词： 农业生态工程     面源污染     化肥     农药    

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我国农业微生物产业发展研究

周杨,邓名荣,杜娟,宋仲戬,吴清平,朱红惠

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期   页码 197-206 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.07.007

摘要：

农业微生物产业作为利用农业微生物资源和生物技术形成的生物科技产业和高增值农业，涉及种植业、养殖业、农业环境等，在保障粮食安全、提升耕地质量、促进农业减排方面具有重要意义。本文从微生物肥料、饲用微生物产品、微生物农药、酶制剂微生物产品、农业废弃物资源化利用等方向，梳理了我国农业微生物产业的发展现状，进而总结了农业微生物技术与产业发展趋势；在研判种质资源、技术研究、产品研发、行业标准等农业微生物产业发展面临问题的基础上，提出了布局科研平台专项、建设数据信息系统、加强微生物种业创新、构建法律法规体系等重点举措。建立完善的产业政策体系和相关配套措施，健全农业微生物产业创新体系，孵化参与国际竞争的高科技企业，以此保障我国农业微生物产业高质量发展。

关键词： 农业微生物；产业发展；微生物肥料；饲用微生物；微生物农药；酶制剂微生物；微生物种业    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Effect of UAV prewetting application during the flowering period of cotton on pesticide droplet deposition

Weixiang YAO, Xianju WANG, Yubin LAN, Ji JIN

期刊论文

HIGH-PERFORMANCE COMPUTATION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN PESTICIDE DISCOVERY: STATUS AND OUTLOOK

期刊论文

Quantification of pesticide residues on plastic mulching films in typical farmlands of the North China

Baoyuan Guo, Jiao Meng, Xinyu Wang, Chengnan Yin, Weiyu Hao, Baiwen Ma, Zhang Tao

期刊论文

绿色表面活性剂在农药加工中的应用

高楠,张春华,张宗俭

期刊论文

Safety evaluation of microbial pesticide (HaNPV) based on PCR method

Miao Zhao, Shufei Li, Qinghong Zhou, Dianming Zhou, Ning He, Zhiyong Qian

期刊论文

Pesticide wastewater treatment using the combination of the microbial electrolysis desalination and chemical-production

Songwei Lin, Yaobin Lu, Bo Ye, Cuiping Zeng, Guangli Liu, Jieling Li, Haiping Luo, Renduo Zhang

期刊论文

Pesticides in stormwater runoff−A mini review

Cheng Chen, Wenshan Guo, Huu Hao Ngo

期刊论文

substances in industrial construction and demolition wastes and their multi-path risk within an abandoned pesticide

Sheng Huang, Xin Zhao, Yanqiu Sun, Jianli Ma, Xiaofeng Gao, Tian Xie, Dongsheng Xu, Yi Yu, Youcai Zhao

期刊论文

GC/LC-Q-TOFMS 两种技术联用同时筛查水果蔬菜中733 种农药残留

庞国芳, 常巧英, 白若镔, 范春林, 张紫娟, 闫宏远, 吴兴强​​​​​

期刊论文

建设农业生态工程 治理与控制湖泊面源污染

卞有生

期刊论文

我国农业微生物产业发展研究

周杨,邓名荣,杜娟,宋仲戬,吴清平,朱红惠

期刊论文