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Reflections on the system of evaluation of gene-edited livestock

Ziyao FAN, Tianwen WU, Kui WU, Yulian MU, Kui LI

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 211-217 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019303

Abstract:

The rapid development of biotechnology has provided a greater understanding of the biological functions of major candidate genes that have important functions regarding economic traits, and new materials for livestock breeding have been obtained through gene editing (GE) and embryo manipulation with the purpose of improving quality and output and reducing the costs and risk of disease. Public concerns, particularly over safety risks and production performance, must be addressed. Evaluation is the most important component of the regulation of gene-edited livestock and is a crucial guarantee of public safety before the marketing of gene-edited animal products. Here, the system of evaluation of gene-edited livestock is discussed in terms of public safety and production performance. The search for safe and ethical applications in the GE of livestock, a case-by-case evaluation strategy, and classification and simplification are used in order to promote a more efficient, objective, comprehensive and operable evaluation system.

Keywords： evaluation     gene editing     livestock     performance     safety    

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cDNA Cloning of Neuropeptide Y gene of turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. and its expression analysis of

Han Jian,Liu Bin,Jiang Zhiqiang,Mu Xiaosheng,Lei Jilin

Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 9,   Pages 42-49

Abstract:

In this study, the full length of turbot NPY cDNA was cloned using RT-PCR and rapid-amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Turbot NPY cDNA is 729bp with a 5´-untranslated region (UTR), 135bp 3´-UTR and 299bp ORF. The open reading frame encodes a 99 amino acid NPY. The first 28 amino acids constitute the signal sequence followed by the 36 amino acid mature peptide. Turbot NPY share a 53.9–98.0% identity with NPY from other fish, especially, Turbot NPY share a 97–98.0% identity with NPY from other flounder (Japanese flounder, winter flounder).Using real-time PCR to analysis NPY expression in turbot. Tissue distribution studies show that NPY mRNA is expressed in brain, in particular the hypothalamic, and in peripheral tissues. During food deprivation, the NPY undergo significant change in expression (P<0.05), with NPY levels being elevated first, then decreased, and being significantly increased, maintain a high level of expression, then decreased again during food deprivation. Expression level was significantly higher with refeeding after fasting than the normal feeding, the longer of food deprivation, the higher of expression level. But the expression level of 2h after refeeding will fall again to a similar level. Our results suggest that NPY is conserved peptides that might be involved in the regulation of feeding and other physiological functions in turbot.

Keywords： Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) Neuropeptide Y Starvation Feeding Differential expression    

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Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

Frontiers in Energy 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 326-333 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0489-z

Abstract: In this paper, a novel accelerated test method was proposed to analyze the durability of MEA, considering the actual operation of the fuel cell vehicle. The proposed method includes 7 working conditions: open circuit voltage (OCV), idling, rated output, overload, idling-rated cycle, idling-overload cycle, and OCV-idling cycle. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively destroy the MEA in a short time (165 h). Moreover, the degradation mechanism of MEA was analyzed by measuring the polarization curve, CV, SEM and TEM. This paper may provide a new research direction for improving the durability of fuel cell.

Keywords： polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell     accelerated life-time test     load cycling test     durability    

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Investigations on multicycle spray detonations

LI Mu, YAN Chuanjun, ZHENG Longxi, WANG Zhiwu, QIU Hua

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 207-212 doi: 10.1007/s00000-007-0027-5

Abstract: Experimental investigations were carried out on a 50-I.D. multicycle pulse detonation engine (PDE) model, and liquid fuel (gasoline) was used. The average of pressure peak, as measured by piezoelectricity pressure transducer, increased versus distance to thrust wall before fully-developed detonation came into being. According to the pressure history, the pressure in detonation tube would not rise abruptly until the flame front advanced a certain distance downstream the spark. Just at that moment, two compression waves spreading to opposite direction were formed. One was enforced by combustion and became detonation rapidly. The other was weakened because of obstacles and insufficiency of fuel. Two methods were used to determine the induction length of two-phase detonation wave through the pressure history. Ignition delay time was found to be longer than deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) time, and the sum of the two would change little as cycle frequency increased. So they could be the most important factors controlling two-phase PDE frequency. Filling process and blowdown process were also analyzed.

Keywords： multicycle     deflagration-to-detonation transition     pressure transducer     compression     piezoelectricity pressure    

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Purification and characterization of a novel carbonyl reductase with high stereo-selectivity

YANG Ming, XU Yan, MU Xiaoqing, XIAO Rong

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2007, Volume 1, Issue 4,   Pages 404-410 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0074-9

Abstract: A novel NADPH-dependent carbonyl reductase was separated from CCTCC 203011. The enzyme gave a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), which was purified through ammonium sulfate, Diethylamino Ethanol (DEAE) sepharose Fast flow (FF), phenyl-sepharose FF and blue sepharose FF chromato graphy from cell-free extract. The molecular mass of the enzyme was about 30 kDa. The optimum pH and temperature for reduction were 4.5°C and 35°C, respectively. The Cu had strong restrictive effect on enzyme activity. In addition, the carbonyl reductase was an enzyme with high substrate specificity and stereo-selectivity, and showed high asymmetric reduction activity towards -hydroxyacetophenone and ethyl 4-chloro acetoacetate. For the asymmetric reduction of ?-hydroxyacetophenone and ethyl 4-chloro acetoacetate, ()-1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol and ()-ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate were produced by the purified enzyme, with the 100% and 94.3% e.e. value, respectively. Therefore, the enzyme could be one of the effective biocatalysts for asymmetric synthesis of chiral alcohols. The amino acid sequences of one peptide from the purified enzyme were analyzed by LC-MASS-MASS, and the carbonyl reductase showed some identity to the hypothetical protein CaO19.10414 reported.

Keywords： asymmetric synthesis     sulfate-polyacrylamide     purified     electrophoresis     temperature    

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Fabrication of titanosilicate pillared MFI zeolites with tailored catalytic activity

Baoyu Liu, Qiaowen Mu, Jiajin Huang, Wei Tan, Jing Xiao

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 5,   Pages 772-782 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1859-3

Abstract: Titanosilicate pillared MFI zeolite nanosheets were successfully synthesized by infiltrating the mixed tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS)/tetrabutyl orthotitanate (TBOT) solvent into the gallery space between adjacent MFI zeolite layers. The obtained zeolite catalysts were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, N adsorption/desorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy techniques. The H O oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT) was used to evaluate the catalytic performance of the obtained titanosilicate pillared MFI zeolites. The conversion of DBT and selectivity of dibenzothiophene sulfone (DBTS) were most affected by the textural properties of the zeolites. This was attributed to the DBT and DBTS molecules being larger than micropores of the MFI zeolites. The conversion of DBT and yield of DBTS could be systematically tailored by tuning the molar ratio of the TEOS/TBOT solvent. These results implied that a balance between the meso- and microporosity of zeolites and tetrahedrally coordinated Ti(IV) active sites of titanosilicate pillars can be achieved for the preparation of desired catalysts during the oxidation of bulk S compounds.

Keywords： MFI zeolite     catalysis     nanosheets     fabrication    

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Use of gamma-irradiation pretreatment for enhancement of anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge

YUAN Shoujun, ZHENG Zheng, YU Xin, ZHAO Yongfu, MU Yanyan

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 247-250 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0041-9

Abstract: The effects of ?-irradiation pretreatment on anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge was investigated in this paper. Parameters like solid components, soluble components, and biogas production of anaerobic digestion experiment for sewage sludge were measured. The values of these parameters were compared before and after ?-irradiation pretreatment. Total solid (TS), volatile solid (VS), suspended solid (SS), volatile suspended solid (VSS), and average floc size of samples decreased after ?-irradiation treatment. Besides, floc size distribution of sewage sludge shifted from 80–100 ?m to 0–40 ?m after ?-irradiation treatment at the doses from 0 to 30 kGy, which indicated the disintegration of sewage sludge. Moreover, microbe cells of sewage sludge were ruptured by ?-irradiation treatment, which resulted in the release of cytoplasm and increase of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD). Both sludge disintegration and microbe cells rupture enhanced the subsequent anaerobic digestion process, which was demonstrated by the increase of accumulated biogas production. Compared with digesters fed with none irradiated sludge, the accumulated biogas production increased 44, 98, and 178 mL for digesters fed sludge irradiated at 2.48, 6.51, and 11.24 kGy, respectively. The results indicated that ?-irradiation pretreatment could effectively enhance anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge, and correspondingly, could accelerate hydrolysis process, shorten sludge retention time of sludge anaerobic digestion process.

Keywords： anaerobic digestibility     soluble chemical     cytoplasm     digestion process     soluble    

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Value of waist circumference, body mass index and hyperinsulinaemia in identifying metabolic syndrome

TIAN Hui, FANG Fusheng, SHAO Yinghong, LI Chunlin, LI Jian, YAN Shuangtong, ZHONG Wenwen, LI Yanyan, SUN Jingfang, CAO Xiutang, PAN Changyu, LU Juming, DOU Jingtao, MA Fangling, ZHOU Xiaoman

Frontiers of Medicine 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 400-405 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0077-z

Abstract: HIns was ascertained if fasting insulin (FIns) ≥ 15 mU/L, and/or 2-hour insulin after a glucose challengewas (2hPIns) ≥ 80 mU/L.

Keywords： mU/L     prevalence     Abnormal     dyslipidemia     computer    

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Effect of soil crust on evaporation and dew deposition in Mu Us sandy land, China

SUN Yongliang, LI Xiaoyan, XU Heye, YANG Zhipeng, TANG Jia, ZHANG Xiaoying

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2008, Volume 2, Issue 4,   Pages 480-486 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0034-8

Abstract: dominated by sand, primitive biotic crust, and advanced biotic crust, respectively, in the south fringe of Mu
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Comments on the special issue on forestry of

John L. INNES

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 502-503 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017189

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Bioproduction of D -psicose using permeabilized cells of newly isolated Rhodobacter sphaeroides SK011

Longtao ZHANG, Bo JIANG, Wanmeng MU, Tao ZHANG,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 393-398 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0252-z

Abstract: 0.1% (w/v) CTAB, 10min, and reaction conditions: cell concentration, 30g dry cell wt/L;concentration of substrate, 50g/L; 40°C, pH 9.0; reaction time, 8 h.Under the optimized conditions, the permeabilized cells produced approximately 6.5g/L -psicosewith a -psicose productivity of 0.82g·L·h.

Keywords： reaction     permeabilized     substrate     bacterium     process    

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Driving Factors of Green Mining in Coal Mining Enterprises in China

Lin-xiu Wang,Mu-xi Yu,Si-jia Wang

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2015, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 211-223 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015043

Abstract: This study constructs a Green Mining model based on identification and analysis of the four key driving factors of Green Mining in coal mining enterprises in China. Twelve research propositions are raised and empirically tested by using Structural Equation Model. The result shows that four key factors affect the intended implementation of Green Mining by improving a corporations efficiency and reputation. The diffusion of Green Mining technology has direct positive influence on the intended Green Mining implementation; Stakeholders’ green appeal has a positive influence on the decision makers’ attitude and values. The empirical study provides support for the government to establish a reasonable regulation and control mechanism to improve enterprises’ enthusiasm for Green Mining. Four Green Mining incentive policies are raised to regulate and motivate the coal mining enterprises to improve their environmental behaviors. The government can adopt piece(s) of them to change the enterprises’ roles from traditional passive to modern initiative.

Keywords： Green Mining     driving factor     Structural Equation Model     empirical study    

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Abating transport GHG emissions by hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Chances for the developing world

Han HAO, Zhexuan MU, Zongwei LIU, Fuquan ZHAO

Frontiers in Energy 2018, Volume 12, Issue 3,   Pages 466-480 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0561-3

Abstract:

Fuel cell vehicles, as the most promising clean vehicle technology for the future, represent the major chances for the developing world to avoid high-carbon lock-in in the transportation sector. In this paper, by taking China as an example, the unique advantages for China to deploy fuel cell vehicles are reviewed. Subsequently, this paper analyzes the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from 19 fuel cell vehicle utilization pathways by using the life cycle assessment approach. The results show that with the current grid mix in China, hydrogen from water electrolysis has the highest GHG emissions, at 3.10 kgCO2/km, while by-product hydrogen from the chlor-alkali industry has the lowest level, at 0.08 kgCO2/km. Regarding hydrogen storage and transportation, a combination of gas-hydrogen road transportation and single compression in the refueling station has the lowest GHG emissions. Regarding vehicle operation, GHG emissions from indirect methanol fuel cell are proved to be lower than those from direct hydrogen fuel cells. It is recommended that although fuel cell vehicles are promising for the developing world in reducing GHG emissions, the vehicle technology and hydrogen production issues should be well addressed to ensure the life-cycle low-carbon performance.

Keywords： hydrogen     fuel cell vehicle     life cycle assessment     energy consumption     greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions     China    

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Removal of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) by sepiolite-supported nanoscale zerovalent iron

Rongbing FU,Na MU,Xiaopin GUO,Zhen XU,Dongsu BI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 5,   Pages 867-878 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0800-3

Abstract: Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) synthesized using sepiolite as a supporter was used to investigate the removal kinetics and mechanisms of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209). BDE-209 was rapidly removed by the prepared sepiolite-supported nZVI with a reaction rate that was 5 times greater than that of the conventionally prepared nZVI because of its high surface area and reactivity. The degradation of BDE-209 occurred in a stepwise debromination manner, which followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The removal efficiency of BDE-209 increased with increasing dosage of sepiolite-supported nZVI particles and decreasing pH, and the efficiency decreased with increasing initial BDE-209 concentrations. The presence of tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a cosolvent at certain volume fractions in water influenced the degradation rate of sepiolite-supported nZVI. Debromination pathways of BDE-209 with sepiolite-supported nZVI were proposed based on the identified reaction intermediates, which ranged from nona- to mono-brominated diphenylethers (BDEs) under acidic conditions and nona- to penta-BDEs under alkaline conditions. Adsorption on sepiolite-supported nZVI particles also played a role in the removal of BDE-209. Our findings indicate that the particles have potential applications in removing environmental pollutants, such as halogenated organic contaminants.

Keywords： sepiolite-supported nanoscale zerovalent iron     decabromodiphenyl ether     debromination     adsorption     mechanism    

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PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cervical cancer: current studies and perspectives

Yumeng Wang, Guiling Li

Frontiers of Medicine 2019, Volume 13, Issue 4,   Pages 438-450 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0674-4

Abstract: Checkpoint blockades targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have achieved effective clinical responses with acceptableIn this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, including the expression patterns of PD-1/PD-L1 and potential PD-1/PD-L1-related therapeutic strategies

Keywords： PD-1     PD-L1     immune checkpoint blockade antibody     immunotherapy     cervical cancer    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Reflections on the system of evaluation of gene-edited livestock

Ziyao FAN, Tianwen WU, Kui WU, Yulian MU, Kui LI

Journal Article

cDNA Cloning of Neuropeptide Y gene of turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. and its expression analysis of

Han Jian,Liu Bin,Jiang Zhiqiang,Mu Xiaosheng,Lei Jilin

Journal Article

Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

Journal Article

Investigations on multicycle spray detonations

LI Mu, YAN Chuanjun, ZHENG Longxi, WANG Zhiwu, QIU Hua

Journal Article

Purification and characterization of a novel carbonyl reductase with high stereo-selectivity

YANG Ming, XU Yan, MU Xiaoqing, XIAO Rong

Journal Article

Fabrication of titanosilicate pillared MFI zeolites with tailored catalytic activity

Baoyu Liu, Qiaowen Mu, Jiajin Huang, Wei Tan, Jing Xiao

Journal Article

Use of gamma-irradiation pretreatment for enhancement of anaerobic digestibility of sewage sludge

YUAN Shoujun, ZHENG Zheng, YU Xin, ZHAO Yongfu, MU Yanyan

Journal Article

Value of waist circumference, body mass index and hyperinsulinaemia in identifying metabolic syndrome

TIAN Hui, FANG Fusheng, SHAO Yinghong, LI Chunlin, LI Jian, YAN Shuangtong, ZHONG Wenwen, LI Yanyan, SUN Jingfang, CAO Xiutang, PAN Changyu, LU Juming, DOU Jingtao, MA Fangling, ZHOU Xiaoman

Journal Article

Effect of soil crust on evaporation and dew deposition in Mu Us sandy land, China

SUN Yongliang, LI Xiaoyan, XU Heye, YANG Zhipeng, TANG Jia, ZHANG Xiaoying

Journal Article

Comments on the special issue on forestry of

John L. INNES

Journal Article

Bioproduction of D -psicose using permeabilized cells of newly isolated Rhodobacter sphaeroides SK011

Longtao ZHANG, Bo JIANG, Wanmeng MU, Tao ZHANG,

Journal Article

Driving Factors of Green Mining in Coal Mining Enterprises in China

Lin-xiu Wang,Mu-xi Yu,Si-jia Wang

Journal Article

Abating transport GHG emissions by hydrogen fuel cell vehicles: Chances for the developing world

Han HAO, Zhexuan MU, Zongwei LIU, Fuquan ZHAO

Journal Article

Removal of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) by sepiolite-supported nanoscale zerovalent iron

Rongbing FU,Na MU,Xiaopin GUO,Zhen XU,Dongsu BI

Journal Article

PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in cervical cancer: current studies and perspectives

Yumeng Wang, Guiling Li

Journal Article