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Robust mismatched filtering algorithm for passive bistatic radar using worst-case performance optimization Research Articles

Gang Chen, Jun Wang,chengang_xidian@163.com,wangjun@xidian.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 7,   Pages 963-1118 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900150

Abstract: detects targets by exploiting available local broadcasters and communication transmissions as illuminators, which are not designed for radar. The signal usually contains a time-varying structure, which may result in high-level range ambiguity sidelobes. Because the mismatched filter is effective in suppressing sidelobes, it can be used in a . However, due to the in the reference signal, the sidelobe suppression performance seriously degrades in a system. To solve this problem, a novel algorithm is developed using . In this algorithm, the influence of the low energy level in the reference signal is taken into consideration, and a new cost function is built based on . With this optimization, the mismatched filter weights can be obtained by minimizing the total energy of the ambiguity . Quantitative evaluations and simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can realize sidelobe suppression when there is a low-energy reference signal. Its effectiveness is proved using real data.

Keywords： 外辐射源雷达；距离副峰；低信噪比；失配滤波；最差性能最优    

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Doppler ambiguity analysis and suppression for LTE-based passive bistatic radars Research Articles

Luo Zuo, Jun Wang, Gang Chen,zuoluo_xidian@163.com,wangjun@xidian.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 8,   Pages 1140-1152 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000143

Abstract: In this study, we provide a detailed analysis of the frequency division duplex long term evolution downlink (FDD LTE DL) signal for passive bistatic radars that use the signal as an illuminator of opportunity. In particular, we analyze the cross-ambiguity function and illustrate its undesired deterministic peaks in the Doppler dimension due to the specific structure of the FDD LTE DL signal. A new adaptive mismatched filtering method is proposed for pre-processing the original reference signal to suppress these undesired deterministic peaks in the . The effectiveness of our proposed method is demonstrated via simulations following robustness analysis, showing that all undesired peaks are suppressed below −40 dB, with only 1.7 dB reduction in the main peak.

Keywords： 外辐射源雷达（PBR）；长期演进（LTE）；多普勒模糊副峰；距离多普勒二维联合    

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High-accuracy target tracking for multistatic passive radar based on a deep feedforward neural network Research Article

Baoxiong XU, Jianxin YI, Feng CHENG, Ziping GONG, Xianrong WAN,jessiexu@whu.edu.cn,jxyi@whu.edu.cn,cwing@whu.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 8,   Pages 1214-1230 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200260

Abstract: In radar systems, errors are mainly from motion models and nonlinear measurements. When we evaluate a tracking algorithm, its is the main criterion. To improve the , in this paper we formulate the tracking problem into a regression model from measurements to target states. A tracking algorithm based on a modified (MDFNN) is then proposed. In MDFNN, a is introduced to describe the temporal sequence relationship of the input measurement sequence, and the optimal measurement sequence size is analyzed. Simulations and field experimental data of the show that the accuracy of the proposed algorithm is better than those of extended Kalman filter (EKF), unscented Kalman filter (UKF), and recurrent neural network (RNN) based tracking methods under the considered scenarios.

Keywords： Deep feedforward neural network     Filter layer     Passive radar     Target tracking     Tracking accuracy    

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Joint compressed sensing imaging and phase adjustment via an iterative method for multistatic passive radar None

Jue WANG, Jun WANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2018, Volume 19, Issue 4,   Pages 557-568 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601423

Abstract: The resolution of the multistatic passive radar imaging system (MPRIS) is poor due to the narrow bandwidth of the signal transmitted by illuminators of opportunity. Moreover, the inaccuracies caused by the inaccurate tracking system or the error position measurement of illuminators or receivers can deteriorate the quality of an image. To improve the performance of an MPRIS, an imaging method based on the tomographic imaging principle is presented. Then the compressed sensing technique is extended to the MPRIS to realize high-resolution imaging. Furthermore, a phase correction technique is developed for compen-sating for phase errors in an MPRIS. Phase errors can be estimated by iteratively solving an equation that is derived by minimizing the mean recovery error of the reconstructed image based on the principle of fixed-point iteration technique. The technique is nonparametric and can be used to estimate phase errors of any form. The effectiveness and convergence of the technique are confirmed by numerical simulations.

Keywords： Multistatic passive radar     Compressed sensing     Phase adjustment     Fixed-point iteration technique    

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Generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter with signal features of unknown emitters Research Article

Qiang GUO, Long TENG, Xinliang WU, Wenming SONG, Dayu HUANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 12,   Pages 1871-1880 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200286

Abstract:

A novel algorithm that combines the (GLMB) filter with signal features of the unknown emitter is proposed in this paper. In complex electromagnetic environments, emitter features (EFs) are often unknown and time-varying. Aiming at the unknown feature problem, we propose a method for identifying EFs based on of data fields. Because EFs are time-varying and the probability distribution is unknown, an improved algorithm is proposed to calculate the correlation coefficients between the target and measurements, to approximate the EF likelihood function. On this basis, the EF likelihood function is integrated into the recursive GLMB filter process to obtain the new prediction and update equations. Simulation results show that the proposed method can improve the tracking performance of multiple targets, especially in heavy clutter environments.

Keywords： Multi-target tracking     Generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli     Signal features of emitter     Fuzzy C-means     Dynamic clustering    

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Frequency-hopping transmitter fingerprint feature recognition with kernel projection and joint representation Research Articles

Ping SUI, Ying GUO, Kun-feng ZHANG, Hong-guang LI

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 8,   Pages 1133-1146 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800025

Abstract: Frequency-hopping (FH) is one of the commonly used spread spectrum techniques that finds wide applications in communications and radar systems because of its inherent capability of low interception, good confidentiality, and strong antiinterference. However, non-cooperation FH transmitter classification is a significant and challenging issue for FH transmitter fingerprint feature recognition, since it not only is sensitive to noise but also has non-linear, non-Gaussian, and non-stability characteristics, which make it difficult to guarantee the classification in the original signal space. Some existing classifiers, such as the sparse representation classifier (SRC), generally use an individual representation rather than all the samples to classify the test data, which over-emphasizes sparsity but ignores the collaborative relationship among the given set of samples. To address these problems, we propose a novel classifier, called the kernel joint representation classifier (KJRC), for FH transmitter fingerprint feature recognition, by integrating kernel projection, collaborative feature representation, and classifier learning into a joint framework. Extensive experiments on real-world FH signals demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison with several state-of-the-art recognition methods.

Keywords： Frequency-hopping     Fingerprint feature     Kernel function     Joint representation     Transmitter recognition    

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The Improving Characteristics of the Gradual Gaussian Multidimensional Pre-filter for Optical Flow Estimation

Fu Jun,Xu Weipu

Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 12,   Pages 56-61

Abstract:

Based on the unified estimation-theoretic framework, an effective method of using the gradual Gaussian multidimensional pre-filter to improve the optical flow estimation is presented. The pre-filtering and smoothing effect, which attenuate the temporal aliasing and the interesting signal structure of the optical flow field, are altered with adjusting the spatiotemporal standard deviation parameters. The first 50 frames of the standard Flower Garden and Football video sequence are tested as the reference image sequences, and the LK algorithm as the reference optical flow computing method. Experimental results in objective evaluation show that the optimum temporal standard deviation parameter is 0.4, the optimum spatial standard deviation parameter is in a range of 1.6～2.0 under the condition that the pre-filtering window size is 5 × 5 pixels. After pre-filtering the image sequence by the Gaussian multidimensional filter, the average PSNR of the reconstructed frames enhance 2.572 dB, higher than that using the standard optical flow computing method by nearly 13.6 % .

Keywords： optical flow computing     Gaussian multidimensional filter     PSNR     motion estimation    

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Impact of Recent Regional Wars on Requirements of Ground based Air Defense Radars

Peng Jiating

Strategic Study of CAE 1999, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 19-23

Abstract:

In light of tasks creating before ground based air defense radar in recent regional conflicts, this paper outlines features of modern miscellaneous targets as well as the combat environment and ECCM environment of air defense radars, and analyzes briefly the position and function of ground based mid and low altitude defense systems in modem air defense. The author believes that these air defense systems can play an important role in modem air defense and would be the preferred weapon especially against such targets as the cruise missile, attack helicopter, lowaltitude aircraft (including stealthy ones) and anti-radiation missile. The article concludes the new requirement of ground based mid and low altitude defense radars, mainly including good ECCM performance, good low altitude property, the required capability of small target detecting for weapon systems, capability of rapid search and acquisition. The realizability of these requirements in ground based mid and low altitude defense systems is also discussed in brief in this paper.

Keywords： low altitude     air defense radar     anti-stealth     anti-cruise missile     anti-antiradiation missile    

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A 0.20–2.43 GHz fractional-

Wei Zou, Daming Ren, Xuecheng Zou,weizou@hust.edu.cn,damingren@hust.edu.cn,estxczou@hust.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 2,   Pages 141-286 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900653

Abstract: A 0.20–2.43 GHz fractional- is presented for multi-band wireless communication systems, in which the scheme adopts low voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs) and a with reduced . VCOs that determine the out-band of a phase-locked loop (PLL) based are optimized using an automatic amplitude control technique and a high-quality factor figure-8-shaped inductor. A CP with a mismatch suppression architecture is proposed to improve the current match of the CP and reduce the PLL phase errors. Theoretical analysis is presented to investigate the influence of the on the output performance of PLLs. Fabricated in a TSMC 0.18-µm CMOS process, the prototype operates from 0.20 to 2.43 GHz. The PLL synthesizer achieves an in-band of −96.8 dBc/Hz and an out-band of −122.8 dBc/Hz at the 2.43-GHz carrier. The root-mean-square jitter is 1.2 ps under the worst case, and the measured reference spurs are less than −65.3 dBc. The current consumption is 15.2 mA and the die occupies 850 µm×920 µm.

Keywords： Frequency synthesizer     Charge pump (CP)     Voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)     Current mismatch     Phase noise    

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Range estimation based on symmetry polynomial aided Chinese remainder theorem for multiple targets in a pulse Doppler radar Research Articles

Chenghu CAO, Yongbo ZHAO,ybzhao@xidian.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 2,   Pages 304-316 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000418

Abstract: To avoid Doppler ambiguity, pulse Doppler radar may operate on a high pulse repetition frequency (PRF). The use of a high PRF can, however, lead to in many cases. At present, the major efficient solution to solve is based on a waveform design scheme. It adds complexity to a radar system. However, the traditional multiple-PRF-based scheme is difficult to be applied in because of unknown correspondence between the target range and measured range, especially using the Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) algorithm. We make a study of the CRT algorithm for when the residue set contains noise error. In this paper, we present a symmetry polynomial aided CRT algorithm to effectively achieve range estimation of when the measured ranges are overlapped with noise error. A closed-form and robust CRT algorithm for single target and the Aitken acceleration algorithm for finding roots of a polynomial equation are used to decrease the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm.

Keywords： Range ambiguity     Erroneous range     Multiple targets     Symmetry polynomial aided Chinese remainder theorem    

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Study on Ignition of Thermoplastic Linings

Xu Liang,Zhang Heping and Wan Yutian

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 12,   Pages 39-43

Abstract: Cone calorimeter was employed to study the ignitability of common thermoplastics, and the numerical and linear regression methods were used to deduce the ignition model for intermediate thermal thickness. Then the ignition time data was analyzed with the deduced model to get the critical heat flux, ignition temperature and thermal properties for the studied materials.The results showed that the deduced critical heat flux and ignition temperatures agreed well with those from literature,which indicated that the model is applicable.

Keywords： thermoplastics     ignitability     critical heat flux     ignition temperature    

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Multi－target Tracking Algorithm for Multi－static Radar SystemBased on Parallel Processing Mechanism

Xu Hongkui,Wang Dongjin,Chen Weidong

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 11,   Pages 151-156

Abstract:

To investigate the problem of tracking multiple short range high speed maneuvering targets with multi- static radar system, a tracking algorithm based on parallel processing mechanism is derived. The whole measurement association course was divided into some parallel sub-courses, moreover, an established target's tracking course is separated into two parallel3-D sub-courses which execute iterative filtering processes with synthetic distance-sum and Doppler velocity. Simulation results show that the algorithm can accurately track multiple maneuvering targets in clutter with fast speed. Meanwhile, it has good convergence and stability.

Keywords： multi-static radar system     multi-target tracking     parallel processing     MSJPDA     parallel extendedkalman filtering    

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Real-Time Assessment and Diagnosis of Process Operating Performance

Shabnam Sedghi,Biao Huang

Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 214-219 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.004

Abstract:

Over time, the performance of processes may deviate from the initial design due to process variations and uncertainties, making it necessary to develop systematic methods for online optimality assessment based on routine operating process data. Some processes have multiple operating modes caused by the set point change of the critical process variables to achieve different product specifications. On the other hand, the operating region in each operating mode can alter, due to uncertainties. In this paper, we will establish an optimality assessment framework for processes that typically have multi-mode, multi-region operations, as well as transitions between different modes. The kernel density approach for mode detection is adopted and improved for operating mode detection. For online mode detection, the model-based clustering discriminant analysis (MclustDA) approach is incorporated with some a priori knowledge of the system. In addition, multi-modal behavior of steady-state modes is tackled utilizing the mixture probabilistic principal component regression (MPPCR) method, and dynamic principal component regression (DPCR) is used to investigate transitions between different modes. Moreover, a probabilistic causality detection method based on the sequential forward floating search (SFFS) method is introduced for diagnosing poor or non-optimum behavior. Finally, the proposed method is tested on the Tennessee Eastman (TE) benchmark simulation process in order to evaluate its performance.

Keywords： Optimality assessment     Probabilistic principal component regression     Multi-mode    

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Construction, Techniques and Application of New Generation Doppler Weather Radar Network in China

Xu Xiaofeng

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 6,   Pages 7-14

Abstract:

New generation Doppler weather radar (NEXTRAD) has become one of the most important tools for monitoring and forecasting severe weather. It has been widely used in some developed countries. China's NEXTRAD network has been constructed since 1998, and the project is supported by national debt. The techniques in NEXTRAD development are described in this article, including the situation of construction and application in China, some problems that should be carefully considered in construction and several new fields of radar techniques in weather monitoring in future.

Keywords： Doppler weather radar     technical analysis     construction     application     future development    

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Low complexity robust adaptive beamforming for general-rank signal model with positive semidefinite constraint Article

Yu-tang ZHU,Yong-bo ZHAO,Jun LIU,Peng-lang SHUI

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016, Volume 17, Issue 11,   Pages 1245-1252 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601112

Abstract: We propose a low complexity robust beamforming method for the general-rank signal model, to combat against mismatches of the desired signal array response and the received signal covariance matrix. The proposed beamformer not only considers the norm bounded uncertainties in the desired and received signal covariance matrices, but also includes an additional positive semidefinite constraint on the desired signal covariance matrix. Based on the worst-case performance optimization criterion, a computationally simple closed-form weight vector is obtained. Simulation results verify the validity and robustness of the proposed beamforming method.

Keywords： Beamforming     General-rank     Low complexity     Positive semidefinite (PSD) constraint     Model mismatches    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Robust mismatched filtering algorithm for passive bistatic radar using worst-case performance optimization

Gang Chen, Jun Wang,chengang_xidian@163.com,wangjun@xidian.edu.cn

Journal Article

Doppler ambiguity analysis and suppression for LTE-based passive bistatic radars

Luo Zuo, Jun Wang, Gang Chen,zuoluo_xidian@163.com,wangjun@xidian.edu.cn

Journal Article

High-accuracy target tracking for multistatic passive radar based on a deep feedforward neural network

Baoxiong XU, Jianxin YI, Feng CHENG, Ziping GONG, Xianrong WAN,jessiexu@whu.edu.cn,jxyi@whu.edu.cn,cwing@whu.edu.cn

Journal Article

Joint compressed sensing imaging and phase adjustment via an iterative method for multistatic passive radar

Jue WANG, Jun WANG

Journal Article

Generalized labeled multi-Bernoulli filter with signal features of unknown emitters

Qiang GUO, Long TENG, Xinliang WU, Wenming SONG, Dayu HUANG

Journal Article

Frequency-hopping transmitter fingerprint feature recognition with kernel projection and joint representation

Ping SUI, Ying GUO, Kun-feng ZHANG, Hong-guang LI

Journal Article

The Improving Characteristics of the Gradual Gaussian Multidimensional Pre-filter for Optical Flow Estimation

Fu Jun,Xu Weipu

Journal Article

Impact of Recent Regional Wars on Requirements of Ground based Air Defense Radars

Peng Jiating

Journal Article

A 0.20–2.43 GHz fractional-

Wei Zou, Daming Ren, Xuecheng Zou,weizou@hust.edu.cn,damingren@hust.edu.cn,estxczou@hust.edu.cn

Journal Article

Range estimation based on symmetry polynomial aided Chinese remainder theorem for multiple targets in a pulse Doppler radar

Chenghu CAO, Yongbo ZHAO,ybzhao@xidian.edu.cn

Journal Article

Study on Ignition of Thermoplastic Linings

Xu Liang,Zhang Heping and Wan Yutian

Journal Article

Multi－target Tracking Algorithm for Multi－static Radar SystemBased on Parallel Processing Mechanism

Xu Hongkui,Wang Dongjin,Chen Weidong

Journal Article

Real-Time Assessment and Diagnosis of Process Operating Performance

Shabnam Sedghi,Biao Huang

Journal Article

Construction, Techniques and Application of New Generation Doppler Weather Radar Network in China

Xu Xiaofeng

Journal Article

Low complexity robust adaptive beamforming for general-rank signal model with positive semidefinite constraint

Yu-tang ZHU,Yong-bo ZHAO,Jun LIU,Peng-lang SHUI

Journal Article