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Asif Khan, Nadeem Javaid
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 7, Pages 812-826 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.004
Renewable energy sources (RESs) are considered to be reliable and green electric power generation sources. Photovoltaics (PVs) and wind turbines (WTs) are used to provide electricity in remote areas. Optimal sizing of hybrid RESs is a vital challenge in a stand-alone environment. The meta-heuristic algorithms proposed in the past are dependent on algorithm-specific parameters for achieving an optimal solution. This paper proposes a hybrid algorithm of Jaya and a teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO) named the JLBO algorithm for the optimal unit sizing of a PV–WT–battery hybrid system to satisfy the consumer's load at minimal total annual cost (TAC). The reliability of the system is considered by a maximum allowable loss of power supply probability (LPSPmax) concept. The results obtained from the JLBO algorithm are compared with the original Jaya, TLBO, and genetic algorithms. The JLBO results show superior performance in terms of TAC, and the PV–WT–battery hybrid system is found to be the most economical scenario. This system provides a cost-effective solution for all proposed LPSPmax values as compared with PV–battery and WT–battery systems.
Lu Zhongwu,Yue Qiang,Gao Chengkang
Strategic Study of CAE 2013, Volume 15, Issue 4, Pages 23-29
Steel output per unit GDP is an important index for controlling steel output, for energy-saving, materials-decreasing and wastes-reducing of steel industry. This paper first gave the definition of steel output per unit GDP, introduced the concept and calculating formula of "in-use steel", Then two times of transformation for the definition formula of steel output per unit GDP were undertaken to obtain the new definition formulas with analytic function. Steel output and energy consumption, materials consumption & wastes emission of steel industry were analyzed by using the new definition formulas of steel output per unit GDP, calculating formulas of steel output, energy consumption, materials consumption & wastes emission. Finally parameters related to steel industry were categorized and overall view for comprehensive promoting energy-saving, materials-decreasing and wastes-reducing of steel industry were put forward.
Keywords： steel output per unit GDP steel output in-use steel GDP generation per unit in-use steel energy consumption
Experimental study on dimensional effect of mortar cubic compressive strength
Su Jie and Fang Zhi
Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 88-92
The dimensional effect of mortar cubic compressive strength was investigated through compression experiments on mortar cubic specimens with the strength grade M30, M50 and M80 and specimen side length of 70 mm,100 mm,150 mm and 200 mm. The relationship between the strength grade and dimensional effect was built in this paper. Furthermore, the computational equations of dimensional effect were proposed. Finally，good agreements were found between tested data and the computational equations.
Keywords： mortar dimensional effect strength grade cubic compressive strength
Chen Aidi,Wang Xinyi
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 12, Pages 73-77
To research on on-line detecting method and key technologies for part quality, based on the analysis of methods and features of on-line detecting of part dimension and surface roughness, an artificial neural network system for on-line detecting of part dimension and a fuzzy neural network system for on-line detecting of part surface roughness are developed. The Scheme of on-line detecting method for part quality can detect part dimension and surface roughness correctly.
Keywords： on-line detecting neural network fuzzy neural network dimension precision surface roughness
Yang Jianpeng,Zhang Heping,Pan Zheng,Ma Ning,Jiang Weicheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 5, Pages 94-97
During designing a building, the design of evacuation is very important. The rationality of the design of evacuation determines whether people can evacuate from buildings. But the existing criterion does not relate to how to evaluate rationality of various designs of evacuation. This paper advances a method which uses the using rate of unit effective evacuation width as the major parameter to reflect the difference of various designs. And this method can give advices to adjust the design to profit personal evacuation.
Keywords： fire evacuation the using rate of unit effective evacuation width
Particle Size and Crystal Phase Effects in Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts
Jin-Xun Liu, Peng Wang, Wayne Xu, Emiel J. M. Hensen
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 467-476 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.04.012
Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an increasingly important approach for producing liquid fuels and chemicals via syngas—that is, synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen—generated from coal, natural gas, or biomass. In FTS, dispersed transition metal nanoparticles are used to catalyze the reactions underlying the formation of carbon-carbon bonds. Catalytic activity and selectivity are strongly correlated with the electronic and geometric structure of the nanoparticles, which depend on the particle size, morphology, and crystallographic phase of the nanoparticles. In this article, we review recent works dealing with the aspects of bulk and surface sensitivity of the FTS reaction. Understanding the different catalytic behavior in more detail as a function of these parameters may guide the design of more active, selective, and stable FTS catalysts.
Keywords： Fischer-Tropsch synthesis Iron cobalt and ruthenium carbides Size effect Crystal structure
Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 11, Pages 85-87
Lu Zhongwu,Mao Jiansu
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 12, Pages 36-42
The curve of environmental impact in the process of economic growth in developed countries was likened to “environmental mountain”. For developing countries, particularly China, the right way of economic development is going through the “environmental mountain” on the halfway up the mountain - a new way for industrialization. The formulas of the relationship between environmental impact and GDP were derived, in which there are 2 key variables： g—growth rate of GDP; t—decreasing rate of environmental impact per unit GDP. Taking several countries and provinces in China as examples, the relationships between economic growth and energy consumption were studied. The environmental impacts of China in the years 2005, 2010 and 2020 were anticipated under different assumptions, and further discussion was given in terms of energy consumption.
Keywords： “environmental mountain” environmental impact growth rate of GDP environmental impact per unit GDP decreasing rate of environmental impact per unit GDP
Study on variational principles of smoke particle shape and dimension with water mist appling
Fang Yudong
Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 2, Pages 93-100
The micrographs of diesel oil soot particles were achieved by transmission scanning electron microscope with and without water mist applied. It was seen by statistical analysis that the average diameter of soot particle increased and the surface density of soot particle decreased with water mist applied. The experimental results show that water mist washes out smoke mainly by dynamics effect，cloud physics effect and transportation mechanism of Steffen flow. This paper provides scientific references for water mist technology using in smoke scrubbing of computer room fires.
Keywords： water mist smoke particle surface density average diameter
Dai Lin,Zhou Huoqing,Tian Zhiyu
Strategic Study of CAE 2006, Volume 8, Issue 12, Pages 31-38
In March 2006，《The Outline of the 11th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and social Development (Profile)》stated that energy consumption per unit of GDP will be reduced by about 20% in “The 11th Five-year Plan ” period，which indicates the economic growth is transferring from conventional industrialization to new pattern. Due to the economic structure emerging with high energy intensity in “The 10th Five-year Plan”period, the proportion of energy consumption of industrial sector had gradually increased from 68.63% to about 71% of the national energy consumption. Apparently, iron and steel industry had experienced its rapid growth with the steel output increasing from 128.5 million tons to 352.39 million tons and the annual growth rate of 22.36% . Its energy consumption accounted for 21 % of the whole industrial energy consumption. Therefore, how to realize the sustainable development of increasing the output while reducing the energy consumption in those high-energy intensity enterprises would provide the good reference to the industrial sector, even to the whole country. Based on the investigation and analysis on WISCO, some important inspiration and experiences were summarized.
Keywords： Wuhan Iron and steel Corporation energy consumption per unit of GDP energy conservation sustainable development
Influence Factors for Distribution of Smoke Concentration in Small-scale Experiment
Huang Rui,Yang Lizhong,Feng Wenxing,Fang Tingyong,Fan Weicheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 8, Pages 54-58
Through using Lagrange interpolation to analyze the limited data of smoke components and concentration attained from the small-scale experiments, it shows the distribution of smoke concentration at same time from different positions and the distribution of smoke concentration field according to time. Considering the random factors existing in these combustion experiments, concentration relative value is provided to contrast data among different experiments. The result shows that distribution of smoke concentration along hallway is mainly affected by mass of fuel and height of the door.
Keywords： smoke 2-dimensional interpolation multipoint measurement
The Ignition and the Forecast Model of Wood Blocks in a Bench-scale Flashover Apparatus
Ji Jingwei,Song Hu,Yang Lizhong,Fan Jicheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 7, Pages 62-66
The ignition of both deal and fir blocks were tested with a bench-scale flashover test apparatus. Tests results showed that the bench-scale flashover test apparatus could offer a test environment similar to the true fire environment and tests executed with the apparatus had good repeatable property. Based on the cone calorimeter test results, a new ignition criterion of wood was presented in the paper. Ignition time of wood block in the bench-scale flashover test apparatus were calculated with the tested average temperature of the upper smoke layer and the new ignition criterion. The calculation results showed that the new approach was facile and available for the purpose of forecasting the ignition time of wood blocks in the bench-scale flashover test apparatus.
Calculation for the Cross Section Size of Flue Collector of Master-Slave mode Discharging System
Huang Rui,Yang Lizhong,Fan Weicheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 11, Pages 45-48
Flue collector of master-slave mode discharging system in domicile kitchen can be taken as one dimensional vertical steady flow with friction. By calculation of the distributional condition of the physical parameter of mobile phase and particle phase of flow, it can ascertain the flow condition of particle phase and further decide the discharging condition of fume. And it is affected by some conditions, such as highness of discharging system, diameter of flue and composition of material and so on. Through presetting the highness of discharging system and ensuring a well discharging condition, the diameter of master flue can be got to fit the condition. So a better size of cross section can be found for pipe laying, which both meets the discharging condition of fume aiwl economizes the construction material.
Keywords： multiphase flow master-slave mode discharging flue in kitchen calculating model
Accelerant Influence on Combustion Characteristics of Woo d Crib Fire
Zhang Xiaoqin,Zong Ruowen,Fang Tingyong,Wang Ronghui, Liao Guangxuan
Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 90-97
Combustion characteristics of wood crib fire under two different conditions, i.e. accelerant added and not added, was studied to investigate the accelerant effect on combustion characteristics of combustible materials. The experiments were carried out in a full-scale room in accordance with ISO9705, where multi-parameters were measured, such as heat release rate, mass loss rate, temperature field and species concentration. At the same time, this process was numerically simulated. The computational results were consistent with experiment data.
Keywords： wood crib accelerant full-scale combustion characteristics numerical simulation
Testing of a full-scale composite floor plate Article
Dennis Lam, Xianghe Dai, Therese Sheehan
Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 2, Pages 223-233 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.11.021
A full-scale composite floor plate was tested to investigate the flexural behavior and in-plane effects of the floor slab in a grillage of composite beams that reduces the tendency for longitudinal splitting of the concrete slab along the line of the primary beams. This is important in cases where the steel decking is discontinuous when it is orientated parallel to the beams. In this case, it is important to demonstrate that the amount of transverse reinforcement required to transfer local forces from the shear connectors can be reduced relative to the requirements of Eurocode 4. The mechanism under study involved in-plane compression forces being developed in the slab due to the restraining action of the floor plate, which was held in position by the peripheral composite beams; while the secondary beams acted as transverse ties to resist the forces in the floor plate that would otherwise lead to splitting of the slab along the line of the primary beams. The tendency for cracking along the center line of the primary beam and at the peripheral beams was closely monitored. This is the first large floor plate test that has been carried out under laboratory conditions since the Cardington tests in the early 1990s, although those tests were not carried out to failure. This floor plate test was designed so that the longitudinal force transferred by the primary beams was relatively high (i.e., it was designed for full shear connection), but the transverse reinforcement was taken as the minimum of 0.2% of the concrete area. The test confirmed that the primary beams reached their plastic bending resistance despite the discontinuous decking and transverse reinforcement at the minimum percentage given in Eurocode 4. Based on this test, a reduction factor due to shear connectors at edge beams without U-bars is proposed.
Keywords： Floor plate test Composite beams Edge beams Eurocode 4 In-plane effect Column removal Robustness
Title Author Date Type Operation
Jaya Learning-Based Optimization for Optimal Sizing of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic, Wind Turbine, and Battery Systems
Asif Khan, Nadeem Javaid
Journal Article
Study on steel output per unit GDP and steel production， energy consumption， materials consumption & wastes emission of steel industry
Lu Zhongwu,Yue Qiang,Gao Chengkang
Journal Article
Experimental study on dimensional effect of mortar cubic compressive strength
Su Jie and Fang Zhi
Journal Article
Research on On-line Detecting Method and Key Technologies for Part Quality (Dimension and Surface Roughness)
Chen Aidi,Wang Xinyi
Journal Article
A Method of Evaluating the Design of Evacuation Based on the Using Rate of Unit Effective Evacuation Width
Yang Jianpeng,Zhang Heping,Pan Zheng,Ma Ning,Jiang Weicheng
Journal Article
Particle Size and Crystal Phase Effects in Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts
Jin-Xun Liu, Peng Wang, Wayne Xu, Emiel J. M. Hensen
Journal Article
Development History of Ningxia Nonferrous Metal Smelter and Northwest Rare Metal Materials Research Institute
Journal Article
Crossing “Environmental Mountain”——On the Increase and Decrease of Environment Impact in the Process of Economic Growth
Lu Zhongwu,Mao Jiansu
Journal Article
Study on variational principles of smoke particle shape and dimension with water mist appling
Fang Yudong
Journal Article
Sustainable Development Model of Production Increase with Energy Conservation in Wuhan Iron and Steel Corp. (WISCO)
Dai Lin,Zhou Huoqing,Tian Zhiyu
Journal Article
Influence Factors for Distribution of Smoke Concentration in Small-scale Experiment
Huang Rui,Yang Lizhong,Feng Wenxing,Fang Tingyong,Fan Weicheng
Journal Article
The Ignition and the Forecast Model of Wood Blocks in a Bench-scale Flashover Apparatus
Ji Jingwei,Song Hu,Yang Lizhong,Fan Jicheng
Journal Article
Calculation for the Cross Section Size of Flue Collector of Master-Slave mode Discharging System
Huang Rui,Yang Lizhong,Fan Weicheng
Journal Article
Accelerant Influence on Combustion Characteristics of Woo d Crib Fire
Zhang Xiaoqin,Zong Ruowen,Fang Tingyong,Wang Ronghui, Liao Guangxuan
Journal Article
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