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电沉积Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层研究

张英杰,范云鹰,董鹏,罗少林

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第3期页码 93-96

摘要：

报告了电沉积Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层的研究结果，论述了电流密度、极间距、搅拌方式、阳极数量及排布方式、添加剂等对Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层的影响及试验所取得的技术指标试验结果表明，Zn-Fe-SiO2复合镀层工艺具有过程稳定性好，维护措施简单方便，生产的环保及安全性好等优点。

关键词：电沉积复合镀层 Zn-Fe-SiO2

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Synthesis of magnetic Pb/Fe

Hualiang AN, Xinqiang ZHAO, Zhiguang JIA, Changcheng WU, Yanji WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 215-218 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0055-2

摘要： To facilitate the recovery of Pb/SiO catalyst, magnetic Pb/Fe O /SiO samples were prepared separately by emulsification, sol-gel and incipient impregnation methods. The catalyst samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and N adsorption-desorption, and their catalytic activity was investigated in the reaction for synthesizing propylene carbonate from urea and 1,2-propylene glycol. When the gelatin was applied in the preparation of Fe O at 60°C and the pH value was controlled at 4 in the preparation of Fe O /SiO , the Pb/Fe O /SiO sample shows good catalytic activity and magnetism. Under the reaction conditions of a reaction temperature of 180°C, reaction time of 2 h, catalyst percentage of 1.7 wt-% and a molar ratio of urea to PG of 1∶4, the yield of propylene carbonate attained was 87.7%.

关键词： Pb/Fe₃O₄/SiO₂ magnetic particle urea 1 2-propylene glycol propylene carbonate

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Fast and catalytic pyrolysis of xylan: Effects of temperature and M/HZSM-5 (M= Fe, Zn) catalysts on pyrolytic

Xifeng ZHU, Qiang LU, Wenzhi LI, Dong ZHANG,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 424-429 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0015-z

摘要： Pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was employed to achieve fast pyrolysis of xylan and on-line analysis of pyrolysis vapors. Tests were conducted to investigate the effects of temperature on pyrolytic products, and to reveal the effect of HZSM-5 and M/HZSM-5 (M= Fe, Zn) zeolites on pyrolysis vapors. The results showed that the total yield of pyrolytic products first increased and then decreased with the increase of temperature from 350°C to 900°C. The pyrolytic products were complex, and the most abundant products included hydroxyacetaldehyde, acetic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-propanone, 1-hydroxy-2-butanone and furfural. Catalytic cracking of pyrolysis vapors with HZSM-5 and M/HZSM-5 (M= Fe, Zn) catalysts significantly altered the product distribution. Oxygen-containing compounds were reduced considerably, and meanwhile, a lot of hydrocarbons, mainly toluene and xylenes, were formed. M/HZSM-5 catalysts were more effective than HZSM-5 in reducing the oxygen-containing compounds, and therefore, they helped to produce higher contents of hydrocarbons than HZSM-5.

关键词： xylan fast pyrolysis catalytic pyrolysis Py-GC/MS HZSM-5

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Effective enrichment of Zn from smelting wastewater via an integrated Fe coagulation and hematite precipitation

Zhan Qu, Ting Su, Yu Chen, Xue Lin, Yang Yu, Suiyi Zhu, Xinfeng Xie, Mingxin Huo

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1178-4

摘要： 98.5% Zn was enriched from Zn-bearing smelting wastewater. 99.5% Fe was hydrothermally precipitated into hematite nanoparticles. Highly purified hematite nanoparticles were obtained. The residual Zn was 2169 mg/L, 290 times of that in smelting wastewater. Coagulation is commonly applied to treat Zn-bearing wastewater from smelting industries (smelting wastewater), and thus the Zn-bearing sludge was considerably produced, which should be solidified before safety disposal. Herein, we demonstrated a novel approach to recycle Zn effectively from smelting wastewater via an integrated Fe coagulation and hematite precipitation method. First, smelting wastewater was coagulated by adding ferric chloride to generate Fe/Zn-bearing sludge (sludge for short). Secondly, the sludge was dissolved to generate an acid solution containing 2.2 g/L of Zn and 39.2 g/L of Fe. Thirdly, the Fe/Zn-bearing solution was hydrothermally treated, and 89% of Fe was eliminated to highly purified hematite block, whereas the percentage of Zn lost was below 1.1%. Finally, the hematite precipitates were collected, and the supernatant was hydrothermally treated again with the addition of glucose. When the molar ratio of glucose to Fe in the supernatant was 1.5, over 99.5% of Fe was precipitated in hematite nanoparticles with a diameter of 10–100 nm, and the residual Fe was 21.5 mg/L. The loss of Zn was below 0.4%, and the residual Zn in the solution was 2169 mg/L, 290 times of that in the smelting wastewater. The major mechanism for Fe removal was the hydrolysis of ferric nitrate into hematite, which was promoted by nitrate consumption in glucose oxidation. This paper is the first report of an environment-friendly method for enriching Zn without generating any waste.

关键词： Smelting wastewater Hydrothermal Hematite precipitation Heavy metals

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The stabilization effect of Al₂O₃ on unconventional Pb/SiO₂ catalyst

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第10期页码 1423-1429 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2315-y

摘要： Similar to Sn, Pb located at the same group (IVA) in the periodic table of elements, can also catalyze propane dehydrogenation to propene, while a fast deactivation can be observed. To enhance the stability, the traditional carrier Al₂O₃ with a small amount, was introduced into Pb/SiO₂ catalyst in this study. It has been proved that Al₂O₃ can inhibit the reduction of PbO, and weaken the agglomeration and loss of Pb species due to its enhanced interaction with Pb species. As a result, 3Al15Pb/SiO₂ catalyst exhibits a much higher stability up to more than 150 h. In addition, a simple schematic diagram of the change of surface species on the catalyst surface after Al₂O₃ addition was also proposed.

关键词： Pb/SiO₂ Al₂O₃ propane dehydrogenation propene stability

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Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe

Nadir Abbas, Godlisten N. Shao, Syed M. Imran, Muhammad S. Haider, Hee Taik Kim

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第3期页码 405-416 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1579-x

摘要： A sol-gel technique has been developed for the synthesis of a magnetite-silica-titania (Fe O -SiO -TiO ) tertiary nanocomposite with improved photocatalytic properties based on the use of inexpensive titania and silica precursors. The exceptional photocatalytic activity of the resulting materials was demonstrated by using them to photocatalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. The best formulation achieved 98% methylene blue degradation. An interesting feature of the present work was the ability to magnetically separate and reuse the catalyst. The efficiency of the catalyst remained high during two reuses. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD analysis revealed the formation of multicrystalline systems of cubic magnetite and anatase titania crystals. SEM and TEM characterization revealed well-developed and homogeneously dispersed particles of size less than 15 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical interaction of titania and silica. It was further noticed that the optical properties of the prepared materials were dependent on the relative contents of their constituent metal oxides.

关键词： sol-gel photocatalysis magnetic recovery TiO₂ Fe₃O₄ SiO₂

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g-CN-coated MnO hollow nanorod cathode for stable aqueous Zn-ion batteries

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 217-225 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2214-7

摘要： Aqueous zinc-ion batteries are attracting considerable attention because of their high safety compared with conventional lithium-ion batteries. Manganese-based materials have been widely developed for zinc-ion batteries cathode owning to their low cost, high security and simple preparation. However, the severe volume expansion and poor stability during charging and discharging limit the further development of manganese-based cathodes. Herein, superior α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ was successfully prepared for stable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) cathode by introducing g-C₃N₄ nanosheets. Compared with pure α-MnO₂, α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ has a specific capacity of 298 mAh·g^–1 at 0.1 A·g^–1. Even at 1 A·g^–1, the α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄ still retains 100 mAh·g^–1 (83.4% retention after 5000 cycles), implying its excellent cycling stability. The α-MnO₂@g-C₃N₄-based cathode has the highest energy density (563 Wh·kg^–1) and power energy density (2170 W·kg^–1). This work provides new avenues for the development of a wider range of cathode materials for ZIBs.

关键词： α-MnO₂ hollow nanorods g-C₃N₄ heterojunction aqueous Zn-ion batteries

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Hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol on NiB/SiO2 amorphous alloy catalyst

SONG Yun, LI Wei, ZHANG Minghui, TAO Keyi

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 151-154 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0028-2

摘要： NiB/SiO amorphous alloy catalyst was prepared by power electroless plating method and characterized by induction coupled plasma (ICP), Brunauer Emmett Teller method (BET), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The catalytic performance of NiB/SiO was investigated for the hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol (FA) to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA). The effects of operational conditions, such as reaction temperature, pressure, and stirring rate were carefully studied. The proper conditions were determined as the following: pressure 2.0 MPa, temperature 120?C and stirring rate 550 r/min. A typical result with FA conversion of 99% and THFA selectivity of 100% was obtained under such conditions, which was close to that over Raney Ni.

关键词： following Brunauer electroless temperature transmission

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Preparation and rheological behaviors of PA6/SiO2 nanocompiste

WEI Shanshan, LIU Yuejun, LI Xianggang, HUANG Yugang, WANG Xiayu, ZHANG Ping

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 332-337 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0060-2

摘要： The polyamide 6 (PA6)/SiO nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization and the rheological behaviors were investigated. The morphology of resultant materials was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the rheological behaviors were characterized by capillary rheometer. The results showed that the SiO particle size was around 50 nm and the particles dispersed evenly in PA6 matrix. The nanocomposites were pesudoplastic fluids and the apparent viscosities of nanocomposites increased initially and then decreased with the increase in nano-SiO content at the same temperature. The non-Newtonian indexes of nanocomposites were smaller than those of pure PA6. With the increase in nano-SiO content the apparent viscous activation energies of nanocomposites increased initially and then decreased. The rheological behaviors revealed that there were strong interactions between PA6 macromolecule chains and nano-SiO particles.

关键词： polyamide temperature rheological activation pesudoplastic

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SiO₂ passivation layer grown by liquid phase deposition for silicon solar cell application

Yanlin CHEN,Sihua ZHONG,Miao TAN,Wenzhong SHEN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第1期页码 52-59 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0429-3

摘要： Surface passivation is one of the primary requirements for high efficient silicon solar cells. Though the current existed passivation techniques are effective, expensive equipments are required. In this paper, a comprehensive understanding of the SiO passivation layer grown by liquid phase deposition (LPD) was presented, which was cost-effective and very simple. It was found that the post-annealing process could significantly enhance the passivation effect of the LPD SiO film. Besides, it was revealed that both chemical passivation and field-effect passivation mechanisms played important roles in outstanding passivation effect of the LPD SiO film through analyzing the minority carrier lifetime and the surface recombination velocity of n-type and p-type silicon wafers. Although the deposition parameters had little influence on the passivation effect, they affected the deposition rate. Therefore, appropriate deposition parameters should be carefully chosen based on the compromise of the deposition rate and fabrication cost. By utilizing the LPD SiO film as surface passivation layer, a 19.5%-efficient silicon solar cell on a large-scale wafer (156 mm × 156 mm) was fabricated.

关键词： Si solar cell passivation SiO₂ liquid phase deposition carrier lifetime

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一种提高超疏水木材机械稳定性的方法

王成毓,刘峰

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第4期页码 79-82

摘要：本文将聚乙烯醇（PVA）与二氧化硅（SiO₂）复合，通过滴涂法在木材表面形成一层有机-无机复合薄膜，之后对薄膜进行疏水改性，制得了一种机械稳健性较好的超疏水木材。

关键词：超疏水机械稳定性 PVA/SiO2 木材表面

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超疏水SiO2/PS 薄膜于木材表面的构建

张明,王成毓

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第4期页码 83-86

摘要：

通过溶胶-凝胶法一步合成疏水性且具备独特形貌的二氧化硅粒子，联合聚苯乙烯以滴涂的方式于木材表面仿生合成了稳定性超疏水薄膜。经处理后的木材表面与水的静态接触角为153°，滚动角小于5°。通过扫描电子显微镜照片观察到该复合涂层拥有微米/亚微米的二维等级粗糙结构，该结构协同低表面能物质共同决定超疏水性木材的成功制得。此外，进一步研究了超疏水性木材表面的稳定性和耐久性。结果表明，该超疏水性木材于水、腐蚀性液体（酸液/碱液）、常见有机溶剂中以及一些常见条件下仍保留超疏水特性，为未来木材材料的应用领域扩展提供了有利条件。

关键词：超疏水木材表面滴涂法复合薄膜

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Preparation of Ni/SiO catalyst in ionic liquids for hydrogenation

FAN Qingming, LIU Yingxin, ZHENG Yifan, YAN Wei

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第1期页码 63-68 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0013-4

摘要： A series of silica supported nickel catalysts were prepared from nickel nitrate and tetraethyl orthosilicate by the sol-gel method with the imidazolium type ionic liquids as solvents. The catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Their catalytic performances for the selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to hydrocinnamaldehyde were investigated. The results show that the Ni/SiO catalyst prepared with 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methyl-imidazole tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid as solvent exhibits the highest catalytic activity for the reaction. Under the optimal conditions of catalyst dosage (based on the mass of cinnamaldehyde used) 10%, reaction pressure 2 MPa, temperature 373 K and reaction time 2 h, the conversion of cinnamaldehyde and the selectivity to hydrocinnamaldehyde can reach 97.6% and 98.8%, respectively.

关键词： dispersive conversion catalytic 2-hydroxyethyl catalytic activity

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Boosting the direct conversion of NHHCO electrolyte to syngas on Ag/Zn zeolitic imidazolate framework

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期页码 1196-1207 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2289-1

摘要： The electrochemical reduction of NH₄HCO₃ to syngas can bypass the high energy consumption of high-purity CO₂ release and compression after the ammonia-based CO₂ capture process. This technology has broad prospects in industrial applications and carbon neutrality. A zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 precursor was introduced with different Ag contents via colloid chemical synthesis. This material was carbonized at 1000 °C to obtain AgZn zeolitic imidazolate framework derived nitrogen carbon catalysts, which were used for the first time for boosting the direct conversion of NH₄HCO₃ electrolyte to syngas. The AgZn zeolitic imidazolate framework derived nitrogen carbon catalyst with a Ag/Zn ratio of 0.5:1 achieved the highest CO Faradaic efficiency of 52.0% with a current density of 1.15 mA·cm^–2 at –0.5 V, a H₂/CO ratio of 1–2 (–0.5 to –0.7 V), and a stable catalytic activity of more than 6 h. Its activity is comparable to that of the CO₂-saturated NH₄HCO₃ electrolyte. The highly discrete Ag-N_x and Zn-N_x nodes may have combined catalytic effects in the catalysts synthesized by appropriate Ag doping and sufficient carbonization. These nodes could increase active sites of catalysts, which is conducive to the transport and adsorption of reactant CO₂ and the stability of *COOH intermediate, thus can improve the selectivity and catalytic activity of CO.

关键词： Ag catalyst zeolitic imidazolate framework CO₂ electroreduction ammonium bicarbonate electrolyte syngas

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Preparation and properties of nano SiO2 core-shell structured additives and their nanocomposite with

KE Yangchuan, SUN Mingzhuo, SONG Yanxin, YANG GuangFu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 76-80 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0016-6

摘要： To improve the performance of traditional nucleation additives and their compatibility with other additives, as well as to solve complex problems in practical applications, SiO precursors were reactively grafted in situ with the symmetrical hydroxyl groups of the nucleation agents. With this approach, the dissymmetrical part of the nucleation agents plays an important role. As a result, the prepared composite additive the nanoparticle precursor (NPP0) produces excellent results. The NPP0-PP composite has a transparency of over 93%, haze lower than 15%, and a heat distortion temperature (HDT) of 142?C, which is more than the 110?C of the pure PP matrix. In addition, it maintains over 90% of the mechanical properties with a deformation coefficient less than 1%. This indicates a strong nanoeffect.

关键词： deformation coefficient distortion temperature excellent NPP0-PP traditional nucleation